• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.703-725
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• 2023

Objectives: This study investigated Korean medicine doctors' perspectives on clinical practice patterns in the process of developing Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: A questionnaire was developed for Korean medicine doctors. A total of 323 oriental medicine doctors participated in the survey, which was live for a total of 9 days from September 22, 2022, to September 30, 2022. Results: Regarding awareness of treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 63.8% of respondents showed high awareness of Korean medical treatments. However, items such as diagnostic criteria (17.7%), evaluation methods (17.0%), and Western medical treatments (22.9%) showed low recognition rates. In clinical practice, 76.2% of respondents were found to treat five or fewer patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia per month, and the average treatment period was 1 to 3 months for most at 41.2%. Korean medicine doctors diagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia based on clinical features. The main interventions used were acupuncture, herbal medicine (prescription medicine), and moxibustion. This study has several limitations because of the low response rate for this survey; therefore, the participants are not representative of all Korean medicine doctors. In addition, because the study was conducted broadly on various topics related to benign prostatic hyperplasia, sufficient quality management was not carried out. Further studies that include a larger sample size and more in-depth studies on benign prostatic hyperplasia are needed. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop appropriate and reasonable Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.386-395
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• 2006

목표 수량과 단백질함량을 얻기 위한 질소 수비처방을 위해서는 유수형성기 전후 생체정보의 정확한 진단뿐만 아니라 유수형성기 이후 작물의 질소 축적 및 이에 따른 수량 및 미립 단백질 함량 반응이 정량화 되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 유수분화기 생육 및 질소영양상태를 잘 대표하는 RVI green과 현재 널리 이용되고 있는 SPAD값의 유수분화기와 유수분화기 1주일전의 측정치 및 유수분화기부터 수확기까지 즉 생식생장기 지상부 질소 축적량(PNup)을 변수로 하는 수량 및 단백질함량 예측 중회귀 모델과 PNup 예측 회귀모델을 작성하여 이들의 수비 처방에의 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 1. 유수분화기 및 유수분화기 1주일전의 RVIgreen과 SPAD값, 그리고 PNup을 이용하여 얻은 수량과 단백질함량의 중회귀모형은 어느 경우에나 모델의 결정계수($R_{2}$)가 0.9 이상으로 매우 높았다 2. 수량을 최대로 하는 생식생장기 질소흡수량(PNup)은 유수형성기 전후 RVIgreen이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였는데 본 연구의 유수형성기 전후 RVIgreen 범위로 보면 $9{\sim}13.5kg/10a$ 으로 추정되었다. 또한 PNup은 유수형 성기 전후 SPAD값과는 무관하게 $10{\sim}11kg/10a$ 범위로 나타났다. 3. 미립의 단백질함량을 7% 이하로 하는 유수형성기 질소흡수량은 유수형성기 전후 RVIgreen과 SPAD값이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향으로 어느 경우에나 $6{\sim}8kg/10a$로 추정되어 최대수량을 위한 생식생장기 질소흡수량 $9{\sim}13.5kg/10a$ 보다 크게 낮았다. 따라서 고품질 쌀 생산을 위한 수비 처방을 위해서는 수량보다도 단백질함량을 기준으로 하여 처방하여야 할 것으로 판단되었다. 4. 본 실험결과 수비질소의 회수율은 $53{\sim}83%$의 변이를 보였는데, 생식생장기 생육량이 많을 수록 회수율이 증가하는 경향이었으며, 수비 시용량이 증가함에 따라서 감소하였다. 생식생장기 천연질소공급량은 $3{\sim}4kg/10a$ 범위였으며 유수분화기 생육량이 많을 경우 증가하는 경향이었다 수비 질소시비량 및 유수분화기 생육 및 질소 영양 지표들을 예측변수로하는 PNup 예측모델을 작성하였으며 이 모델들은 적합도가 매우 높았다. 5. 영양생장기 생육 및 질소영양 상태의 비파괴적 측정치를 이용하여 목표 수량과 단백질함량에 달할 수 있도록 수비질소 시용량을 결정할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 여기서 제시한 모델들이 광범위한 조건에서 이용될 수 있기 위해서는 보다 다양한 품종, 토양, 기상 조건에서 모델의 검증과 보완이 되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 1994

연구목적 : 전신방사선조사시 인체내에 균등한 선량분포를 얻기 위하여 조직보상체를 제작하고 그에따른 선량 분포를 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 0.8mm두께의 납판을 이용한 조직보상체와, 1mm 및 5mm 두에의 알루미늄판을 이용한 조직보상체를 두경부와 하지 두 부분에 대하여 각각 제작하였다. 좌우 대향전신조사시 각 신체부위에 따른 선량분포의 측정을 위하여 파라핀으로 성인 크기의 인체 모형을 실제 치료시의 체위와 비슷하게 만들어 사용하였다. 방사선은 10MV X-ray(CLIAC 1800. Varian Co., USA)를, 측정기구는 exposure/exposure rate meter(model 192, Capintec, Inc., USA)with ionization chamber(PR 05)를 이용하였고 SAD 360cm에 파라핀 팬텀의 정중선을 맞추고 기하학적 방사선조사야는 $144{\times}144cm^2$으로하여 전신이 포함되도록 하였으며 head, mouth, mid-neck, sternal notch. mid-mediastinum, xiphoid, umbilicus. pelvis. thigh. knee 및 ankle부위에서 midline absorbed dose를 각각 측정하였다. 흉부의 선량 측정에는 조직등가물질로 제작된 상업용 humanoid 팬텀에서 $1{\times}1{\times}6mm^3$부피의 TLD rod(LiF, Harshaw Co.. Netherland)를 이용하였다. 결과 : Umbilicus를 기준으로 하였을때 조직보상체를 적용하지 않은 경우 흡수선량은 $-11.8\%$에서 $21.1\%$까지의 차이를 보였다. 어깨가 포함되는 sternal notch에서의 선량은 $11.8\%$감소하였다. 조직보상체를 적용한 경우의 흡수선량은 0.8mm 납보상체의 경우 mid-neck에서 $-7.9\%$, 그외 다른 부위는 $+1.3\%$에서 $-5.3\%$가지 였다. 그리고 1mm 및 5mm 알루미늄 보상체를 적용한 경우 ankle부위에서 $5.3\%$. 그외 다른 부위는 $-2.6\%$에서 $2.6\%$가지의 흡수선량 차이를 보였다. 결론 : 납과 알루미늄으로 제작한 전신방사선조사용 조직보상체는 선량기준점인 umbilicus선량에 비교하였을 때 두경부와 하지에 있어서 비교적 만족할만한 보상효과를 나타내었다. 어깨가 있는 상흉부에서는 선량이 $11.8\%$ 정도 감소하므로 환자의 lateral thickness 차이에 따라 선량기준점을 sternal notch로 선택하거나 boost irradiation이 고려되어야함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.147-178
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was to propose the improved instruction for authors and research ethic regulations by the comparative analysis of those of the domestic journals, for the purpose of enhancing the citation rate of Journal of Korean Acupuncture and Moxibustion Society. Methods : Narrative review method was used for comparatively analyzing instruction for authors of 34 domestic journals, especially focused on how to write a reference. Thereafter, in order to elucidate the drawbacks of current instruction for authors and research ethic regulations of the acupuncture and moxibustion society, the well prepared instructions and research ethic regulations was selected from them, which were compared with the present instructions for authors and research ethic regulations of the acupuncture and moxibustion society. Results : As a result of the comparative analysis of instruction for authors in the 34 domestic journals, style for references was based largely on that of National Library of Medicine and vancouver at the same time. The number of reference was limited according to types of writings. for example, the original article and case report was frequently limited to 40 and 20 references respectively. Authors were mostly listed up to six. If there are more, the first three or six authors were listed with 'et al'. it was generally recommended that using abstracts as references should be avoided and References to papers accepted but not yet published should be designated as 'in press' or 'forthcoming', and that the names of journals should be set in italics and abbreviated according to the List of Journals Indexed for Medline (formerly Index Medicus) published by the National Library of Medicine or koreanmed or WHO-IST, etc. In addition, citation of electrical literature, English writing of reference and obligational citation of more than two articles in the journals were encouraged. In consequence of comparison between well prepared instructions and research ethic regulations of the selected journals and those of current instructions for authors and research ethic regulations of the acupuncture and moxibustion society, the followings were needed to be added or revised. 1. Requirements for case reports were not mentioned. 2. Reporting Guidelines for Specific Study Designs were not included. 3. Previous Orthography of herbal prescription should be revised. 4. Orthography of authors and guidelines for writing article constituents such as title, abstract, introduction, method, statistics, results, discussions were not presented. 5. How to write a reference was so simplified. 6. Definition of Research Ethical Misconduct was omitted and establishment, management and members of committee for research ehtics were not mentioned, 7. Information, reception and investigative procedures of Research Ethical Misconduct was not specified. Conclusions : For the development of Journal of Korean Acupuncture and Moxibustion Society, apporopriate revision of the instruction for author and research ethic regulations should be made based upon the above findings. English writing of reference were believed to be one of the alternatives enhancing citation rate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.4717-4721
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• 2014

Background: Dosimetric comparison of two dimensional (2D) radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) based dose distributions with high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitry radiotherapy (ICRT) for carcinoma cervix, in terms of target coverage and doses to bladder and rectum. Materials and Methods: Sixty four sessions of HDR ICRT were performed in 22 patients. External beam radiotherapy to pelvis at a dose of 50 Gray in 27 fractions followed by HDR ICRT, 21 Grays to point A in 3 sessions, one week apart was planned. All patients underwent 2D-orthogonal and 3D-CT simulation for each session. Treatment plans were generated using 2D-orthogonal images and dose prescription was made at point A. 3D plans were generated using 3D-CT images after delineating target volume and organs at risk. Comparative evaluation of 2D and 3D treatment planning was made for each session in terms of target coverage (dose received by 90%, 95% and 100% of the target volume: D90, D95 and D100 respectively) and doses to bladder and rectum: ICRU-38 bladder and rectum point dose in 2D planning and dose to 0.1cc, 1cc, 2cc, 5cc, and 10cc of bladder and rectum in 3D planning. Results: Mean doses received by 100% and 90% of the target volume were $4.24{\pm}0.63$ and $4.9{\pm}0.56$ Gy respectively. Doses received by 0.1cc, 1cc and 2cc volume of bladder were $2.88{\pm}0.72$, $2.5{\pm}0.65$ and $2.2{\pm}0.57$ times more than the ICRU bladder reference point. Similarly, doses received by 0.1cc, 1cc and 2cc of rectum were $1.80{\pm}0.5$, $1.48{\pm}0.41$ and $1.35{\pm}0.37$ times higher than ICRU rectal reference point. Conclusions: Dosimetric comparative evaluation of 2D and 3D CT based treatment planning for the same brachytherapy session demonstrates underestimation of OAR doses and overestimation of target coverage in 2D treatment planning.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.179-187
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictable value of pretreatment $^{18}F$-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT) in radiotherapy (RT) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 36 stage I-IV HCC patients treated with RT. $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT was performed before RT. Treatment target was determined HCC or PVTT lesions by treatment aim. They were irradiated at a median prescription dose of 50 Gy. The response was evaluated within 3 months after completion of RT using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Response rate, overall survival (OS), and the pattern of failure (POF) were analyzed. Results: The response rate was 61.1%. The statistically significant prognostic factor affecting response in RT field was maximal standardized uptake value (maxSUV) only. The high SUV group (maxSUV ${\geq}5.1$) showed the better radiologic response than the low SUV group (maxSUV < 5.1). The median OS were 996.0 days in definitive group and 144.0 days in palliative group. Factors affecting OS were the %reduction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level in the definitive group and Child-Pugh class in the palliative group. To predict the POF, maxSUV based on the cutoff value of 5.1 was the only significant factor in distant metastasis group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the maxSUV of $^{18}F$-FDG PET-CT may be a prognostic factor for treatment outcome and the POF after RT. A %reduction of AFP level and Child-Pugh class could be used to predict OS in HCC.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.390-400
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• 2010

This study is aimed to test physiological and hematological actions of Rheum palmatum through clinical pilot study optimized for usual oriental medicine prescription. Thirty-one cases were finally collected and the sample extract 100 $m{\ell}$ of Rheum palmatum (ERP) was administered two times in a day during 3 days and checked with blood CBC test, urinalysis, liver function test, abdominal X-ray as well as general diagnostic process of oriental medicine; pattern identification, assessment of shapes and constitution. The total toxic effective rate of ERP was 9.68% in 3 cases of the whole in case of consistent uneasy state in the subjective symptomatic assessment and aggravation of blood and urine examination. The relevant diagnostic factors were so-eum constitution and essence type subject, carapaces species, lung type in the aspect of Jisan shape theory. On the other hand, the positive effective rate of ERP was 29.03% manifesting improvement of vital signs or present illness and no abnormal changes of blood chemistry and urinalysis and simple abdomen radiology. The relevant diagnostic factors were tae-eum constitution, energy type subject, aves species, heart and liver type in Jisan's shape theory. And the other cases were manifesting no specific change through the administration of ERP. The ratio of the numbers of decrease and increase was 44:5 in the tenderness and hardness of abdominal palpation. But if the pattern identification doesn't comply with the aim of rhubarb application despite of constipation and abdominal pain, the tendeness and biochemical report was shown in abnormal change. The mean number of diarrhea by ERP was $16.77{\pm}6.95$ during 3 days after administration, and the frequent areas of abdominal pain were lower>middle>upper in order, and it meant the target site of ERP too. Besides, the toxic reaction against ERP was expressed highly in case of decrease in blood cell count and hemoglobin, hematocrit having blood deficiency syndrome. Likewise, the toxicity of ERP was influenced by pattern identification manifesting present disease condition and diagnostic factors of four constitutions, Jisan's shape theory collaterally. In conclusion, evaluation of herbal toxicity in order for using as a clinical guideline, various diagnostic pattern information and shape features like the above should be studied together with other pharmacologic toxicology test for the future.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권9호
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• pp.289-299
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 현재 질병관리본부에서 사용하고 있는 건강보험 청구자료 기반의 결핵환자 분류기준을 고도화하여 보다 효과적인 결핵환자감시체계의 토대를 제공하기 위해 수행되었다. 이를 위해 건강보험심사평가원의 2009년 1년간 결핵상병으로 청구된 81,199명 중 10%인 8,118명을 표본추출한 후 실제 결핵환자인지에 대해서 의무기록 조사를 실시하여 조사가 완료되고, 국민건강보험공단 건강보험청구 자료와 매칭이 완료된 7,132명을 최종 분석대상자로 하였다. 결핵환자분류를 위한 모형을 개발하여 평가한 결과 결핵과 관련된 임상전문가 의견과 통계적 분류 알고리즘이 종합적으로 고려된 의사결정나무모형이 가장 우수한 모형으로 평가되었다. 의사결정나무 모형에 따른 결핵분류모형의 주요 독립변수는 연령, 최초 청구시점의 결핵약제 종류수, 최초 청구시점의 이용 의료기관 유형, 최초 청구시점의 청구결핵검사 종류, 2008년 결핵약 투약일수, 최초 청구시점 결핵약제 투약일수, 최초 청구시점 결핵상병 종류로 나타났다. 이 모형의 향상도는 최고 11.8이였으며, 개발된 모형에서 분류된 1~5유형까지 적용하여 청구된 자료 중 결핵이 아님을 예측할 경우, 민감도는 90.6%, 양성예측도는 96.1%, 정분류율은 87.6%로 나타나, 현재 질병관리본부에서 사용하는 청구2회 이상, 약제 2제 이상 모형(민감도 82.6%, 양성예측도 95%, 정분류율 80%)보다 우수한 모형인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.5888-5896
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 요가와 필라테스 트레이닝이 비만 남자대학생의 비만도, 신체 부위별 근육량 및 체력에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 운동처방의 임상적 기초 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 피험자는 비만 남자대학생 총 20명을 각각 10명씩 요가와 필라테스 두 집단으로 무선할당하여 12주간 주 5회 1회당 90분씩 트레이닝을 실시하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 요가와 필라테스는 모두 비만도(골격근량 증가, BMI 감소, 체지방률 감소, WHR 감소), 신체 부위별 근육량(오른팔, 왼팔, 몸통, 오른다리, 왼다리 근육량 증가), 체력(하지근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 좌측평형성, 우측평형성 향상)에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 둘째, 필라테스는 요가보다 골격근량 증가, 신체 부위별(오른팔, 왼팔, 몸통, 오른다리, 왼다리)근육량 증가, 평형성 (좌, 우) 향상에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 셋째, 요가는 필라테스 보다 BMI, 체지방률, WHR 감소에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로 요가와 필라테스 트레이닝은 비만 남자대학생들의 비만도 개선과 건강증진에 유용한 운동프로그램으로 적용 가능하다고 사료되어진다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1045-1062
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• 2022

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the latest clinical studies on Korean medicine treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. Methods: We searched the last 6 years of clinical studies discussing Oriental medicine-based treatments for ITP in the CNKI database. A meta-analysis of 13 RCTs was performed by synthesizing the outcomes, including the measured platelet count and total effective rate. The quality of the studies was assessed using Cochrane's risk of bias (RoB) tool. RevMan 5.4.1 software was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 15 selected studies, 1 was a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), 2 were case series, and 12 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Treatments in all studies included oral herbal medicine. The most frequently used herbal decoction was the Liangxue Jiedu prescription (凉血解毒方), and the most commonly used herb was Agrimonia pilosa (仙鶴草), Astragali Radix (黃芪), Fossilia Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (甘草), and Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz ex Steudel (地黃). The meta-analysis showed significantly better improvement in platelet counts and total effective rate for ITP in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusion: Treatment with herbal medicine was effective in treating ITP. However, the significance of this conclusion is somewhat limited due to the low quality of the available studies. Multifaceted and scientifically designed clinical studies are required to develop treatments for ITP based on Korean medicine. The results of this study could be used as basic data for further ITP studies.