• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.411-422
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is twofold : (i) to investigate how much effort the married couples are making for the good health of both the pregnant woman and her unborn child from the time of their marriage to and during the period of conception : and (ii) to comprehensive investigate socio-cultural back-grounds which affect prenatal effort. Result of this study provide a basis for the prenatal care program which will be appropriate to our culture. This study has been done by the ethnographic research method. The subjects of this study are 53 people in all consisting of 33 pregnant women and 20 husbands. In order to investigate socio-cultural factors which influence Taegyo, producers of Taegyo music were interviewed. In addition the researcher surveyed the markets of Taegyo music, participated in special courses of prenatal education, analyzed the content of the books and periodicals dealing with Taegyo, and collected the concept of Taegyo distributed by the mass media. The full-fledged study continued for eight months from February to August.1996. The data were analyzed as soon as they were collected. Spradly's(1979, 1980) developmental, sequential method of domain analysis. taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and theme analysis in this order was adopted as the procedure of analyzing the data. To obtain the exactness of study, Sandelowski's (1986) four criteria, that is, Credibility, Fittingness, Auditability, and Confirmability were applied to all stages of data collection, data analysis, the interpretation of the result, and the description of the result. The following are the result : 1. The couples' Taegyo at the stage of preconception was related to their physical, psychological, spiritual conditions under which a healthy baby will be born. Specific methods they prefer are : "the choice of one's spouse." "physical check-up," "physical good health, " "praying, " and so on. 2. When the marriod couple have sex in order to conceive, their Taegyo was related to the imposition of their physical, psychological, and environmental conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "having sex at specific time, " "having sex in nice place." "to purify their minds while having sex," and so on. 3. The married couples' Taegyo while they are in pregnancy was related to the imposition of their physical. psychological, emotionmental. environmental, social and spiritual conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "listening to music. " "reading," "looking at beautiful things only," "to avoid looking at or listening to bad things." "to eat food in good shape, " "to avoid drugs," "eating Korean herbal medicine." "sexual abstinence," "to avoid dangerous places," "to keep emotional tranquility," "moderate exercises and rest." "leading a pure life." "praying." "being aware of their words and behavior." "for the couple to keep a good relationship." "interaction with their unborn child," "to support Taegyo for pregnant women," and so on. 4. The married couple put Taegyo into practice on the basis of the following principles : the principle of respecting an unborn child, the principle of forming a good disposition. the principle of top-down parental love, the principle of synergy between a pregnant woman and her unborn child, the principle of expecting a good child, the principle of forming a good habit, and the principle of acquiring a parental role. 5. The practice of Taegyo is influenced by such factors as the married couple, the supporting system, and the mass media. As the husband -and-wife factor, their information of Taegyo, the degree of importance is assigned to their characters, their time to spare, their healthiness, the age of pregnant woman, their conception plan, their religion, their belief of the Taegyo effects, and the birth of a baby in this order. The factor of the supporting system consists of her husband's support, her family support, and her neighbor's support. The mass media factors include the broadcasting media, books specialized in Taegyo, periodicals for pregnant women, booklets for advertizing powdered milk, Taegyo music of record manufacturing companies, and the teaching materials for gifted children. Among these the mass media is especially taking advantage of Taegyo as its main source of economic profits are leading the public behavior pattern to a prodigal one. Taegyo is a self-control behavior which requires practice for the following : the physical and psychological good health of the pregnant woman and her unborn child, the development of the unborn child's good character, the development of the unborn child's intelligence and talents, the expectation of the unborn child's good features. shape a good habit, the expectation of the unborn child's bright future, and the learning of a parental role, the expectation of male birth. Above all it is a type of our good cultural tradition which pursues a value higher than the one that the prenatal care does. The principles of pregnancy care inherent in the habit of Taegyo will provide us a guideline for the development of the prenatal care.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1983

Aiming at the total 200 pregnant women including 150 ones registered with the Health Center of Chung Ku District and 50 ones registered with the Health Center of Mapo District, we have conducted a research study of the socio-medical characteristics, maternal child health, and the status of nutritional intake which has utilized the application of convenient method for the study of nutritional status, during the period of April 20 to May 25, 1983. And we have obtained the following conclusions: 1. Regarding age distribution, the pregnant women aged from 26 to 30 were most numerous, which was 54.0%. The percentage of women who experienced the first pregnancy was 12.0% and the percentage of those who experienced the second pregnancy was 37.0%, which was the highest. Regarding the weeks of pregnancy of the pregnant women, the first trimesterr was 11.5%, the second trimester 30.0%, and the third trimester 58.6%. 2. Regarding academic achievements, the pregnant women who graduated from middle schools reached 43.5%, which was the highest percentage. Regarding economic status, the pregnant women who owned their own houses were only 21.0%. And the pregnant women whose monthly income was from 300,000 won to 400,000 won were 40%, which was the most numerous. 5. The women above 15 years old who experienced the first menstruation were 84.0%. And those who experienced abortion were totally 54.4%. and 35.5% among those women experienced artificial abortion. 4. 70.5% of the pregnant women said that their health condition was excellent, 24.5% felt subjective complaints, and 5.0% specially received medical consultation for their diseases. 5. 82.0% received prenatal care, but 60.5% regularly received prenatal care. 68.0% received the education for nutrition and only 19.5% regularly received the education for nutrition. 6. Regarding the family composition, the families consisting of two generations were 47.0%, which was the most numerous. 97.5% of the preparation for meals was conducted by housewives. They said that they did not lack time for meal preparation. 7. 94.9% of the pregnant women said that they had eaten as in ordinary times during their pregnancy. 25.5% said that there were tabooed foods. Tabooed foods are chiefly pork, chicken, milk, and eggs. 68.0% don't drink milk during pregnancy, 32.5% take the intake of vitamins, and 20.5% take iron supplement. 8. The average amounts of the intake of protein, fat, and carbohydrate of a pregnant women are 49.3gm, 29.4gm, and 205.1gm respectively, which showed the phenomenon in which the amount of the intake of nutrition increased as the weeks of pregnancy increased. The average amount of the intake of salt was 14.2gm. 9. Regarding the hemoglobin value of all pregnant women, those whose hemoglobin value was less than 11.0gm were 66.5%, those whose hemoglobin value was 11 to 12 gm were 16.5%. and those whose hemoglobin value was above 12gm were 17.0%. The pregnant women whose hemoglobin value was less than 11.0gm in the first trimester of pregnancy, in the second trimester, and in the trimester were 81.8%, 62.8%, and 64.9% respectively. This shows that the phenomenon of anemia increased as the weeks of pregnancy increased 10. Regarding physical development of a pregnant woman during prenatal period, the height and weight were $156.7cm{\pm}14.1$ and $51.1kg{\pm}58$ respectively. When the standard increase of a prenatal weigt gain is set as 100%, the women over the range of 100% were 28.0% and the women under the range of 80% were 37.0%.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-24
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• 2002

임신기 구강관리와 영아의 구강관리에 대한 지식은 구강병을 예방하기 위하여 가장 기본이 되는 것이며, 구강관리는 습관화 되는 과정이라는 점을 감안할 때 이 시기의 관리가 무엇보다도 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 그러므로 연구자들은 임부들의 영아구강관리에 대한 지식을 살펴보고, 영유아기 우식증에 대한 인식정도를 파악하며, 임부들의 구강관리지식에 대한 잘못된 내용 포함정도를 살펴보기 위해 서울시 보건소와 유관업체에서 주관하는 임산부 건강교실에 참가한 임부 330명을 무작위 표본추출하여 개별면접방식으로 진행한 연구를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 임부들이 구강병을 중대한 문제로 생각하고 있는 비율은 82% 이었고, 잇솔질의 중요성을 인식하고 있는 비율은 94% 이었다. 2. 영유아기 우식증을 인지하고 있는 비율은 42% 이었고, 임신경험별로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 인정되었다(p<0.05). 3. 영유아기 우식증 원인 중 잘못된 수유습관을 인지하고 있는 비율은 58% 이었고, 잘못된 모유습관에 의한 우식발생 가능성에 대한 인지율은 43% 이었으며, 임신경험별로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 인정되었다(p<0.05). 4. 임신 중 태아는 모체의 치아로부터 칼슘을 빼앗아 간다고 인지하는 비율이 82% 이었다. 5. 임신 중 치과치료를 금하는 것이 안전하다고 인지하는 비율은 71% 이었다. 영아구강관리 및 임신기 구강관리에 대한 정확한 지식을 습득하고 있는 비율이 상대적으로 낮았고, 임신기 구강건강증진을 위한 프로그램의 개발과 정확한 구강관리 정보를 체계적으로 제공해 줄 수 있는 기회의 마련이 시급하다고 검토되었다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 1993

Two hundred and fifty tow Korean-Chinese women were administere the Questionnaire regarding child-rearing practice and husband-wife relations, with an assumption that Korean-Chinese in Yanbian area would preserve the traditional value in family lief because of the cultureal frozen phenomena. The results of the data for the present study revealed that they keep some traditional child-rearing practice such as the prenatal education and the first-year birthday party. However, the value of boy preference was not widely prevalent in the society. On the other hand the equality in husband-wife relation was not found to be attained even though in Communist society.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.286-296
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore first-time fathers' experiences during their transition to parenthood in South Korea. Methods: Data were collected from September 2019 to February 2020 through in-depth interviews that were conducted individually with 12 participants. First-time fathers with children under 2 months of age were recruited. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: Four theme clusters were identified: Preparing to become a father, challenges of becoming a father, motivation to foster familial bonds, and acknowledgement of fatherhood. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Korean first-time fathers prepared to practice parenthood through prenatal education, taegyo, and feeling bonds with their new baby. They recognized their identity as fathers and experienced self-growth. These results would be beneficial for health professionals in developing perinatal care programs, and the results provide basic data for studies on fathers and families during the transition to parenthood.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.81-84
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• 2021

The delivery of high-quality antenatal care is a perennial global concern for improving maternal and neonatal outcomes. Antenatal care is currently provided mainly on a one-to-one basis, but growing evidence has emerged to support the effectiveness of group antenatal care. Providing care in a small group gives expectant mothers the opportunity to have discussions with their peers about certain issues and concerns that are unique to them and to form a support system that will improve the quality and utilization of antenatal care services. The aim of this article is to promote group antenatal care as a means to increase utilization of healthcare.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.312-320
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• 2014

Purpose: There recurred controversies related to legal allowance of abortion since newly advancing prenatal genetic testing technology. This survey was aimed to identify the attitudes toward marriage, and pregnancy (AMP) and terminating pregnancy (ATP) among Korean nursing students. Method: A descriptive study was performed from October to November 2012 in South Korea. 424 nursing students responded to two types of tools developed by authors. Questionnaire for ATP is consisted of 10 items with 5-points Likert Scale. Questionnaire for AMP is 12 items containing 5 categories. Results: Mean score of ATP was 36.90. Students that are enrolled in bachelor degree had a significant higher ATP. Students who are currently dating with an opposite gender showed much higher level of ATP than those are not. Lower group of delayed the time of getting marriage and pregnancy showed highest score of ATP, significantly. Conclusion: Individual factor must be primarily considered when assessing ATP of nursing students, for example current relationship with opposite gender and educational background, attitude toward marriage and pregnancy. Further studies are needed to identify personal factors of the young adults affecting on the ATP.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI), which includes machine learning and deep learning has been introduced to nursing care in recent years. The present study reviews the following topics: the concepts of AI, machine learning, and deep learning; examples of AI-based nursing research; the necessity of education on AI in nursing schools; and the areas of nursing care where AI is useful. AI refers to an intelligent system consisting not of a human, but a machine. Machine learning refers to computers' ability to learn without being explicitly programmed. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that uses artificial neural networks consisting of multiple hidden layers. It is suggested that the educational curriculum should include big data, the concept of AI, algorithms and models of machine learning, the model of deep learning, and coding practice. The standard curriculum should be organized by the nursing society. An example of an area of nursing care where AI is useful is prenatal nursing interventions based on pregnant women's nursing records and AI-based prediction of the risk of delivery according to pregnant women's age. Nurses should be able to cope with the rapidly developing environment of nursing care influenced by AI and should understand how to apply AI in their field. It is time for Korean nurses to take steps to become familiar with AI in their research, education, and practice.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the neonatal birth weight, birth height, Apgar scores, sucking power, and digestion difficulties between smoking and non-smoking women following cesarean birth. This study analyzed the effects of smoking on the neonatal health status in pregnant women to provide fundamental data for smoking prevention education for women of childbearing ages and non-smoking practice protocols for pregnant women with smoking. Methods: A comparative survey design was used. Fifty-four newborn infants of pregnant women with smoking and seventy-four newborn infants of pregnant women with non-smoking participated in this study. The scores of neonatal birth weight, birth height, Apgar scores, sucking power, and digestion difficulties were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS Windows 15.0 program. Results: Smoking in pregnant women leads to the decrease of birth weight (F=4.75, p=.030) and birth height (F=14.19, p<.001), negative effects on the Apgar scores (F=36.02, p<.001) and sucking power (t=-4.26~-5.60, p<.001), and digestion difficulties ($x^2$=6.72, p=.010) of neonates. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that smoking in pregnant women leads to the decrease of fetus development. These findings would be utilized for the development of not only smoking prevention programs for women of childbearing ages but also prenatal education programs for pregnant women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.331-344
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• 1995

The process of breast feeding was investigated from the 36th week of pregnancy to 12 weeks postnatal, in order to analyze the factors affecting breast feeding duration and provide the basic data on an education program for successful breast feeding. The general characteristics of study group had no marked effects on the breastfeeding duration. The young and highly condition during pregnancy and the degree of morning sickness affected the practice of breastfeeding. In the study of prenatal sociobehavioral factors, intended duration affected the breastfeeding duration, and the maternal perception that breastfeeding is good for weight loss after delivery as well as infant formula milk is not as good as breast milk, led to successful breast feeding. Among the postnatal biological factors, the duration of gestation affected the breast feeding. Among the postnatal biological factors, the duration of gestation affected the breastiffeding outcome. In the case of early parturition, breastfeeding rate was low. Among the postnatal biocultural factors, time of first feed, milk volume and maternal perception of infant's sucking ability affected the bresatfeeding duration. From these result, it is suggested that an education program such as participation of nursing class to the pregnant women should be provided for successful breastfeeding.