• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between life style, menstrual attitude and premenstrual syndrome in nursing students. Methods: The study participants were 246 nursing students of a university in Gyeunggi province. Data were collected by a self-administered questionnaire from May to June, 2012. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe test. Results: Students who had undesirable alcohol habits (r=.15, p=.020) and negative menstrual attitude (r=.17, p=.009) experienced more a severe premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Students with dysmenorrhea had more severe PMS (F=12.41, p<.001) and a negative menstrual attitude (F=6.18, p<.001). Conclusion: These finding suggest that PMS would be alleviated by nursing interventions to improve alcohol habits and decrease negative menstrual attitudes, and nursing interventions for dysmenorrhea would be helpful in PMS management in nursing students. Further studies on the development of nursing interventions related to these factors are needed for PMS management.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2015

Menstrual problem (premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea) is a common gynecological complaints among women in reproductive age. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of isoflavone and Cynanchum wilfordii for improvement of premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea. Subjects were 30 college women in Busan, divided into three groups (CG; control group, n=10; IS group; isoflavone supplement group, n=10; CS group; Cynanchum wilfordii supplement group, n=10). They showed 5.0 or higher for menstrual pain when tested by the VAS. IS group was allocated a isoflavone pill (500 mg/day) for 8 weeks, and CS group was allocated a Cynanchum wilfordii pill (6 g/day) for 8 weeks. We administered a menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ), and visual analogue scale(VAS). There were no differences among the three groups in general characteristics, nutrients intake, MDQ, or VAS. In the CG group, there were no differences in MDQ, or VAS after 8 weeks. In the IS group, negative emotions, behavioral changes, concentration, pain, autonomic nervous system response, water retention, and skin changes significantly improved (P<0.05). In the CS group, negative emotions, pain, autonomic nervous system response, and water retention significantly decreased after 8 weeks (P<0.05). Changes in negative emotion, pain, autonomic nervous system response, water retention, skin changes significantly improved in the CS group compared to the control group (P<0.05). VAS significantly decreased in the IS and CS groups (P<0.05). The decrease in VAS differed among three groups, with the CS group showing a larger decrease than the control group and IS group (P<0.001).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.405-415
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between perceived stress, ego-resilience, and premenstrual syndrome(PMS) and investigate the factors affecting PMS in female college students. The study participants were 215 female college students in Gyeunggi province. Data were collected from October 10 to November 10, 2017, using self-report questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. PMS was positively correlated with the perceived stress and negatively correlated with ego-resilience. Eating habits, interference with daily life by menstruation, perceived stress accounted for 44.4% of variance in PMS. Based on these results, it is necessary to develop a management program that integrates psychological factors and lifestyle improvement including dietary habits, as well as efforts to manage menstrual symptoms in order to alleviate the premenstrual syndrome of female college students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.660-671
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• 2014

Purpose: The aims of this study were to construct a hypothetical structural model which explains the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in adolescent girls and to test the fitness with collected data. Methods: The participants were 1,087 adolescent girls from 3 high schools and 5 middle schools in B city. Data were collected from July 3 to October 15, 2012 using self-reported questionnaires and were analyzed using PASW 18.0 and AMOS 16.0 programs. Results: The overall fitness indices of hypothetical model were good (${\chi}^2$ =1555, p<.001), ${\chi}^2$/df=4.40, SRMR=.04, GFI=.91, RMSEA=.05, NFI=.90, TLI=.91, CFI=.92, AIC=1717). Out of 16 paths, 12 were statistically significant. Daily hassles had the greatest impact on PMS in the adolescent girls in this model. In addition, PMS in adolescent girls was directly affected by menarche age, Body Mass Index (BMI), amount of menstruation, test anxiety, social support, menstrual attitude and femininity but not by academic stress. This model explained 27% of the variance in PMS in adolescent girls. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that nursing interventions to reduce PMS in adolescent girls should address their daily hassles, test anxiety, menstrual attitude and BMI. Also, social support from their parents, friends, and teachers needs to be increased.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.204-209
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• 2019

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a vast array of physical and psychological symptoms. Of the herbal supplements mentioned for remedy PMS symptoms, chamomile used as an effective herbal medicine. The overall purpose of this review was to determine the efficacy of chamomile on the treatment PMS. An extensive research review using Web of Science, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register database, PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Psych INFO, Social Science Research Network, SID, Google Scholar, Iran Doc, Magiran and Iran Medex. Eligible studies were identified from English and Persian databases, published between 1990 and 2019. Studies were screened independently by two researchers who performed the data extraction. Of Twenty-seven studies identified, Eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Chamomile has been used to treat PMS relief because of therapeutic properties such as anti-inflammatory effects (Chamazulene and α-Bisabolol); anti-spasmodic effects (Apigenin, Quercetin, and Luteolin, Metoxicomarin, Matrisin, and Phytoestrogens); anti-anxiety effects (Glycine, Flavonoid). The results of this review show that Chamomile is effective for the treatment of PMS. Based on these results, we believe that Chamomile can be used as good herbal medicine to treat in women with PMS.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.123-123
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• 2018

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder affecting the emotional and physical health of women during certain periods of the menstrual cycle. Many researchers who have previously studied PMS have believed that PMS is associated with changes in sex hormones and serotonin levels at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. However, recent studies suggest that progesterone/estrogen imbalance and elevation of prolactin-induced by dopamine low-secretion play a crucial role in increasing PMS symptoms. Because of this, we have focused on mitigating PMS symptoms through the mechanism of prolactin secretion inhibition by dopamine receptor activation. The inhibition of prolactin secretion by 61-kinds of medicinal herb extracts was investigated in GH3 pituitary cells. Among them, Inula heleniun L. root extract (IHE) showed excellent prolactin secretion inhibitory effect. IHEs were prepared using 30, 50, and 70% ethanol. And the yield, cytotoxicity, dopamine receptor activity and inhibition of prolactin secretion of each extract were measured. Through a series of experiments, we found that prolactin secretion was significantly reduced (P<0.01) by the components present in IHE and that dopamine receptor regulation was possible (P<0.05). Considering yield and safety, we suggest the use of 30% ethanol IHE in the development of PMS symptom relief products.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.52-62
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms and coping strategies on the health-related quality of life in elementary and secondary schools female teachers. Methods: 140 female teachers in C province were recruited using a correlational study design. The measurements used were the PMS symptoms scale, the PMS coping scale and the Korean version of health-related quality of life scale. Results: The higher quality of life were predicted by the lower PMS symptoms, the higher PMS coping, the better the quality of sleep, the lower the job and life stress, and the lower work disturbance due to the PMS symptoms. These variables explained 53% of the total variance. Conclusions: For better female teachers' health-related quality of life, health care programs for managing the PMS symptoms need to be developed by considering those identified variables. For health education practice, school health teachers need to distribute health educational materials for female teachers and to provide small-group health counselling services for PMS self care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.801-808
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the effect of self-foot reflexology on the relief of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea in high school girls. Method: Study subjects was 236 women residing in the community, teachers and nurses who were older than 45 were recruited. Data was collected with self administered questionnaires from July 1st to August 31 st, 2003 and analysed using SPSS/WIN 10.0 with Xtest, t-test, and stepwise multiple logistic regression at a significant level of =.05. Result: The breast cancer screening rate was 57.2%, and repeat screening rate was 15.3%. With the multiple logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mammography screening were age and perceived barriers of action, and factors related to the repeat mammography screening were education level and other cancer screening experience. Conclusion: Based on the results, we recommend the development of an intervention program to decrease the perceived barrier of action, to regard mammography as an essential test in regular check-up, and to giveactive advertisement and education to the public to improve the rates of breast cancer screening and repeat screening.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2013

Objective: To compare the blood glucose levels, insulin concentrations, and insulin resistance during the two phases of the menstrual cycle between healthy women and patients with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Methods: From January of 2011 to the August of 2012, a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among students in the School of Medicine of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. We included 30 students with the most severe symptoms of PMS and 30 age frequency-matched healthy controls. We analyzed the serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance by using the glucose oxidase method, radioimmunometric assay, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance equation, respectively. Results: No significant differences between the demographic data of the control and PMS groups were observed. The mean concentrations of glucose of the two study groups were significantly different during the follicular and luteal phases (p=0.011 vs. p<0.0001, respectively). The amounts of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance of the two study groups were significantly different in the luteal phase (p=0.0005). Conclusion: The level of blood glucose and insulin resistance was lower during the two phases of the menstrual cycle of the PMS group than that of the controls.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.147-157
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• 2020

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to identify the menstrual cycle characteristics and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) prevalence in Korean young adult women using the retrospective and prospective Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP). Methods: In the first stage, participants included 151 nursing students studying in a university located in Seoul. Data were collected from April 20 to June 2, 2017, using the questionnaire on menstrual characteristics, pictorial blood assessment chart, and retrospective DRSP. In the second stage, participants included 17 students with PMS, based on the screening conducted in the first stage. Data were collected using the prospective DRSP from May 29 to 2 September 2, 2017. Results: Of the study sample, 104 participants (68.9%) had regular periods. Those with regular periods had 11.97 periods annually with a menstrual cycle of 29.38 days and a period duration of 5.72 days. Fifty-five participants (37.4%) showed menorrhagia. Sixty-four participants (42.4%) were found to have PMS based on their retrospective DRSP. When the ratio of women (52.9%) with PMS shown in the prospective DRSP was used as a positive predictive value, the estimated PMS prevalence was 22.4%. Conclusion: This study provides clinically significant PMS prevalence among Korean young adult women, positive predictive value of the retrospective DRSP, and valid data to basically understand the menstrual cycle characteristics experienced by these women.