• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2013

Spatial and temporal characteristics of nitrate contamination and hydrogeochemical parameters were investigated for springs and surficial and bedrock groundwaters in northeastern part of Hongseong. Two field investigations were conducted at dry and wet seasons in 2011 for 120 sites including measurement of field parameters with chemical analyses of major dissolved constituents. Nitrate concentrations were at background levels in springs while 45% of bedrock groundwater and 49% of surficial groundwater exceeded the drinking water standard of nitrate (10 mg/L as $NO_3$-N). The difference in nitrate concentrations between surficial and bedrock groundwater was statistically insignificant. Cumulative frequency distribution of nitrate concentrations revealed two inflection points of 2 and 16 mg/L as $NO_3$-N. Correlation analysis of hydrogeochemical parameters showed that nitrate had higher correlations with Sr, Mg, Cl, Na, and Ca, in surficial groundwater in both dry and wet season. In contrast, nitrate had much weaker correlations with other hydrogeochemical parameters in bedrock groundwater compared to surficial groundwater and had significant correlations only in wet season. Temporally, nitrate and chloride concentrations decreased and dissolved oxygen (DO) increased from dry season to wet season, which indicates that increased recharge during the wet season affected groundwater quality. Aerobic conditions were predominant for both surficial and bedrock groundwater indicating low natural attenuation potential of nitrate in the aquifers of the study area.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.321-331
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• 1992

The regional distribution and relative frequency of gastrointestinal endocrine cells were studied immunohistochemically in the gastrointestinal mucosa and pancreas of the fresh water turtle. Ten kinds of endocrine cells were identified in the gastrointestinal tract. Cholecystokinin-8-, bovine pancreatic polypetide-and glucagon-immunoreactive cells were seen throughout the gastrointestinal tract, also among them cholecystokinin-8-immunoreactive cells were most predominant in segment III. Although gastrin- and gastrin/cholecystokinin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to VI and X, respectively, they were numerous in segment III. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed from segment I to VII. 5-hydroxytryptamine- immunoreactive cells were detected in segment I, III, VIII, IX and X. Human pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in segment V, VI, VIII, IX and X. Insulin-immunoreactive cells were found from segment III to X except for segment VIII, but rare in segment VII. Neurotensin-immunoreactive cells were found to be restricted to segment VIII, IX and X. No porcine chromogranin-, substance P- and bombesin-immunoreactive cells were detected throughout the gastrointestinal tract of the fresh water turtle. Although typical mammalian pancreatic islets encapsulated by connective tissue were not present in this species, five kinds of endocrine cells-glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, bovine pancreatic polypeptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine-were found in forming small or large groups and scattered in the exocrine gland region. However porcine chromogranin- and motilin-immunoreactive cells could not be demonstrated in the pancreas.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2012

A total of 18 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates that were recovered from 1949 through 1997 were characterized and pathotyped. All viruses were highly virulent as determined by intracerebral pathogenicity indices ${\geq}1.81$ in day-old. These pathotypes are typical for viscerotropic velogenic NDV (VVNDV) pathotype viruses. Some differences were observed for the chicken red blood cell elution rate and thermostability of the hemagglutinin at $56^{\circ}C$. Three antigenic groups were identified by a hemagglutination-inhibition assay using NDV monoclonal antibodies. And the predominant gross lesions were as follows: discharge from the nasal cavity, tracheal mucus, petechial hemorrhage in the heart fat, kidney urates and hemorrhage with or without necrosis in the gastrointestinal tract. Severe hemorrhagic or necrotic lesions were also noted in the lymphoid organs and were localized primarily in the spleen and cecal tonsil. However, differences in the occurrence and frequency of the gross lesions were observed between the virus strains. Among them, NDV strains that induced neurological symptoms belonged only to genotype VI. This strain had spread throughout Korea during the late 1980s to the 1990s, which suggests that specific VVNDVs genotypes might result in neurological symptoms.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.318-322
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• 1998

Using polyacrylamide-gel isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting, genetic polymorphism of plasma vitamin D-binding protein (Gc) was examined in Asian sheep. The Gc polymorphism was revealed in the Khalkhas sheep of Mongolia, consisting of F, S and W variants, and the Yunnan native sheep of China, consisting of F and S variants. In particular, W was a new variant. The V variant detected in European sheep up to now was not observed in these sheep. The Bhyanglung, Baruwal, Kagi and Lampuchhre sheep of Nepal and local sheep of Bangladesh and Vietnam were monomorphic for the S variant. Family data and population genetic data supported the hypothesis that these variants were controlled by codominant alleles. In these Asian sheep, distribution of the $Gc^s$ allele was predominant (0.9571-1) and was seen as well in European sheep (Suffolk, Corriedale, Cheviot and Finnish Landrace) raised in Japan. $Gc^w$ allele was detected only in the Khalkhas sheep with the low frequency of 0.0025. The $Gc^v$ allele was detected in the Suffolk and Corriedale sheep (0.0080 and 0.0682), but not in any of the Asian sheep studied.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 2016

Our nation has experienced remarkable growth over the half a century. Nonetheless, there is still much room for improvement in the area of Environment, Health and Safety (EHS). In particular, frequency and severity of industrial accidents did not considerably improve compared to the economic and social progress we made. The main objective of this research is to analyze what plans and actions are required for companies to promote industrial safety by 1) fostering functional competencies of EHS staffs and 2) effectively and proactively responding to rapidly changing EHS environment. For this research, EHS staffs from five large companies in Korea were surveyed. Most respondents indicated that one of key expertise required by EHS staffs is capabilities to effectively deal with changes to various domestic and international EHS-related laws and regulations. Furthermore, a predominant number of respondents commented that it is imperative for EHS staffs to have a broad knowledge of business management. As for internal issues that EHS staffs encounter within their organizations, many pointed out that their EHS vision is not sufficiently shared throughout the organization, and that the rules of leadership are critical in solving this issue. On the other hand, the survey respondents also raised an issue of limited EHS-related investments due to slow economy. As a solution, they proposed ways to align EHS organization's performance with the company's performance. Based on this survey, issues and solutions for EHS organizations were identified. Results of this research can benefit companies that plan to newly establish or further expand EHS organization.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.503-508
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• 2014

Spontaneous myometrial contraction (SMC) in pregnant uterus is greatly related with gestational age and growing in frequency and amplitude toward the end of gestation to initiate labor. But, an accurate mechanism has not been elucidated. In human and rat uterus, all TRPCs except TRPC2 are expressed in pregnant myometrium and among them, TRPC4 are predominant throughout gestation, suggesting a possible role in regulation of SMC. Therefore, we investigated whether the TRP channel may be involved SMC evoked by mechanical stretch in pregnant myometrial strips of rat using isometric tension measurement and patch-clamp technique. In the present results, hypoosmotic cell swelling activated a potent outward rectifying current in G protein-dependent manner in rat pregnant myocyte. The current was significantly potentiated by $1{\mu}M$ lanthanides (a potent TRPC4/5 stimulator) and suppressed by $10{\mu}M$ 2-APB (TRPC4-7 inhibitor). In addition, in isometric tension experiment, SMC which was evoked by passive stretch was greatly potentiated by lanthanide ($1{\mu}M$) and suppressed by 2-APB ($10{\mu}M$), suggesting a possible involvement of TRPC4/5 channel in regulation of SMC in pregnant myometrium. These results provide a possible cellular mechanism for regulation of SMC during pregnancy and provide basic information for developing a new agent for treatment of premature labor.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2017

음성 인식은 HCI 분야에서 널리 사용되는 기술 중 하나이다. 가정 자동화, 자동 통역, 차량 내비게이션 등 음성 인식 기술이 적용될 수 있는 많은 응용들이 현재 개발되고 있다. 또한, 모바일 환경에서 작동 가능한 음성 인식 시스템에 대한 수요도 급속히 증대되고 있다. 본 논문은 한국어 음성 인식 시스템의 일부로서, 한국어 모음 'ㅡ'를 빠르게 인식할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 제안하는 방식은 주파수 영역 대신, 시간 영역에서 계산되는 지표인 벌크 지표를 사용하므로, 인식을 위한 계산 비용을 절감할 수 있다. 모음 'ㅡ'의 전형적인 시퀀스 패턴들을 표현하는 벌크 지표들에 대한 신경망 학습을 수행하며, 최종적인 인식을 위해 학습된 신경망을 사용한다. 실험 결과를 통해, 제안하는 방식이 모음 'ㅡ'를 88.7%의 정확도로 인식할 수 있음을 확인하였고, 인식 속도는 어절 당 0.74msec이다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 1987

느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에 발생하는 유해균류(有害菌類)를 조사하고 그중 발생(發生) 및 피해(被害)가 큰 균류(菌類)의 배양적(培養的) 성질에 관한 실험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에서 12종류(種類)의 진균류(眞菌類)가 분리(分離)되었는데 그 중 Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhizopus 등은 발생빈도(發生頻度)가 높고 발생양(發生量)도 많았다. 2. 느타리버섯 볏짚배지(培地)에서는 7종(種)의 Trichoderma가 동정되었는데 발생빈도(發生頻度)는 T. pseudokoningii, T. aureoviride, T. viride, T. harzianum, T. koningii의 順이었다. 3. 유해균류(有害菌類)의 발생(發生)은 일반 버섯재배사(栽培舍)에서 재배회수(栽培回數)가 증가(增加)할수록 많았고 추기재배(秋期栽培)보다는 춘기재배(春期栽培)에서 심하였다. 4. 볏집추출배지(抽出培地) 및 느타리버섯 추출배지(抽出培地)에서 Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Rhzopus 등 공시한 균들의 균사생장과 분생포자의 형성이 양호한 결과를 보이므로서 볏짚배지(培地) 및 균상(菌床)의 버섯과 그 파열물들이 균류(菌類)의 발생(發生)에 알맞는 조건을 부여하였다. 5. Trichoderma spp.는 톱밥추출배지(抽出培地) 및 미강추출배지(米糠抽出培地)에서 생장(生長)이 극히 양호하여 균상(菌床)에 접종(接種)한 종균(種菌)은 균류(菌類)의 배지(培地)가 되었다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 비선형 지진격리교량의 최적 설계 방법을 제시하였다. 최적설계를 위한 목적함수로는 교각과 지진격리장치의 파괴확률을 고려하였으며, 상충하는 두 목적함수를 동시에 최적화하는 다수의 해를 효율적으로 검색하고자 유전자 알고리즘에 기반한 다목적 최적화기법을 도입하였다. 또한, 최적화 과정에서 요구되는 다수의 비선형 시간이력해석을 수행하지 않고도 교량의 확률적 응답을 효율적으로 예측할 수 있는 추계학적 선형화 방법을 접목하였다. 제시하는 방법의 효율성을 검증하기 위한 수치 예로서 실제 교량인 남한강교를 고려하였고, 제안하는 방법과 기존 비선형 시간이력해석을 이용한 생애주기비용 기반 설계법을 각각 적용하여 내진성능을 비교하였다. 내진성능을 비교한 결과, 제시하는 방법이 기존의 비용에 기반한 최적설계보다 우수한 성능 및 경제성을 보임을 검증하였다. 또한, 다양한 지진하중에 대해서도 제안된 방법이 보다 개선된 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal ideation among middle class Korean. Methods: Cross sectional study was designed for secondary data analysis. From the 8th Korea Health Panel survey (2008~2013), a total of 6,037 data was drawn and analyzed by developmental stage using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, $x^2$ test, and logistic regression analysis. Results: Across all age groups, high physical-mental stress, frustration, anxiety about the future and low self-perceived health status or social class were found to be the risk factors of suicidal ideation. Peer-compared subjective health status and frustration significantly influenced the adolescents. The young adults'suicidal ideation was mainly influenced by physical and mental stress, frustration and absence of economic activity. For the middle-aged, physical and mental stress, frustration, future anxiety, low peer-compared subjective health status were found to be the major influencing factors. The predominant risk factors for the elderly were frustration and low peer-compared subjective health status. Conclusion: Making comparisons to others significantly influence suicidal ideation throughout all life cycles. Improvement of mental health and suicide prevention can be enhanced by avoiding negative comparison to others.