• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.366-369
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• 2015

A 12-year-old, castrated male, mixed-breed dog was referred to us with a history of depression, lameness, neck and multiple joints pain. Clinical signs had been deteriorating from rear limbs lameness leading to pain on all four limbs lameness for 7 days. Mild leukocytosis and increased C-reactive protein concentration were revealed in blood work. On radiography, degenerative change of humerus and cervical intervertebral space narrowing were found. The results of synovial fluid analysis revealed severe neutrophilic pleocytosis, decreased viscosity, increased turbidity and bacterial culture was negative. The antinuclear antibody test was negative and MRI results revealed mild cervical intervertebral disk disease (IVDD). Based on all tests, we diagnosed this case as idiopathic immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA). Prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil were administered and clinical signs were resolved after 7 days. This case report demonstrated that clinical, diagnostic imaging and synovial fluid analysis findings and successful treatment result with prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil in canine idiopathic IMPA.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.279-287
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• 1999

Therapeutic use of anti-inflammatory steroids is limited due primarily to their systemic suppressive effects on pituitary function and the immune system.. To overcome the clinical limitation, a new approach toward the discovery of non-systemic anti-inflammatory steroids is based upon the antedrug concept introduced by this laboratory. The new concept describes locally active agents which are designed to undergo a predictable biotransformation to inactive metabolites upon entry into systemic circulation from the applied site. Thus, true antedrugs are devoid of systemic adverse effects. In a continuing effort, 16$\alpha$-carboxylate and isoxazoline derivatives of prednisolone have been synthesized and screened. In the croton oil-induced ear edema bioassay, the following relative potencies were obtained setting hydrocortisone=1.0; 3a, 1.5; 3b, 3.1; 4a, 4.0; 4b, 12.2; 5b, 8.2; 6b, 11.2; 7a, 1.9; 7b, 4.1; 8a, 3.3; 8b 6.8; 9a, 0.7; 9b 8.6; 10a 2.6; 10b, 7.4. Results of the five-day bioassay indicated that, in contrast to the parent compound, the novel steroidal antedrugs did not significantly alter body weight gain, thymus weights, adrenal weights or plasma corticosterone levels. Taken together, the antedrug concept appears to be a fundamentally sound strategy for the separation of local anti-inflammatory activity form systemic adverse effects.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.38.1-38.6
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• 2023

Canine T-zone lymphoma (TZL) is an indolent form of T-cell lymphoma. Conservative management is usually recommended; however, chemotherapy may be considered for symptomatic or progressive cases. Herein, we describe two dogs with generalized peripheral lymphadenopathy and peripheral blood lymphocytosis at presentation. One dog presented with gross lesions on the tongue. Flow cytometric immunophenotyping and cytological examinations demonstrated findings consistent with those of TZL. Chemotherapy with chlorambucil and prednisolone was administered, which resulted in improvement of the condition without any adverse events. Chemotherapy with chlorambucil may be considered as an appropriate choice for treating canine TZL.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.341-348
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• 2023

An 11-year-old neutered male domestic short-haired cat presented with neurological symptoms that developed over a three-month period. These included mental dullness, vocalization, ataxia, and visual impairment. The patient was diagnosed with a primary intracranial tumor at a local animal hospital. After the first diagnosis, the cat was administered hydroxyurea, prednisolone, omeprazole, and gabapentin for 3 months. After the initiation of medical treatment, the patient's clinical symptoms did not improve and the size of the tumor was static on the second magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The dosage of hydroxyurea and prednisolone was increased for two weeks. The patient's clinical signs improved, and subsequently, a craniotomy was performed. The clinical signs completely resolved six days after surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy with hydroxyurea was continuously administered after the craniotomy. The patient demonstrated a good clinical status during the nine-month follow-up period. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has not yet been reported for meningiomas in cats. Further clinical trials with longer follow-up periods and larger patient cohorts will be required to confirm the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with hydroxyurea in feline meningioma.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.205-213
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• 1998

The efficacy of DA-6034, a new flavonoid derivative, was investigated in comparison with sulfasalazine in a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced rat colitis. Under light anaesthesia with ether, rats were subjected to intracolonic administration of 30mg TNBS in 50% ethanol (0.5ml) and were then sacrificed at 7 or 21 days after colitis induction. The TNBS control group (the saline treated colitic rat) exhibited ulceration and inflammation of the distal colon with formation of granuloma and pathologic connections. Moreover, an increase in colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (investigated as an index of leukocyte adhesion and accumulation) and an elevated colonic leukotriene $B_4$ ($LTB_4$) level were observed. The colitic rats received DA6034 (0.3-30mg/kg) or sulfasalazine (50-100mg/kg), prednisolone (0.3-3mg/kg) after the induction of colitis until they were sacrificed. Oral treatment with DA-6034 resulted in significant reductions of macroscopic colonic damage, colonic inflammation. DA6034 had a more potent effect than sulfasalazine and prednisolone on macroscopic colonic damage, while it has similar effect with prednisolone on the reduction of colonic $LTB_4$ synthesis and MPO activity. This study show, therefore, that DA-6034 is effective m attenuating the colonic lesion in an TNBS-induced colitis model. Furthermore, the results suggest that the effect of DA-6034 is partially related to its action on $LTB_4$ synthesis and MPO inhibition.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.536-541
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• 1992

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a type of diffuse interstitial lung disease that primarily affects the small conducting airways and characterized by the presence of granulation tissue plugs within the lumen of small airways often extending into alveolar ducts. It is associated with a number of different causes, including a variety of infections, fume exposures, drugs, collagen diseases and idiopathic. Recently we have experienced one patient with idiopathic BOOP. The patient was a 58 year old man presented with 2 months' history of dry cough and exertional dyspnea. The phyical examination showed inspiratory crackles at both lower lung field. Chest X-ray showed bilateral multiple patchy alveolar density. Pulmonary function studies showed a moderate degree of restrictive lung disease. Open lung biopsy carried out and revealed findings characteristic of BOOP. There was a dramatic response clinically and radiologically to high dose predinisolone therapy. Chest X-ray and pulmonary function test under-taken one year later showed marked improvement. New lesion on chest PA was developed during the period of tapering of prednisolone dose, but it was soon disappeared after increasing of prednisolone dose. One year later, he is well without steroid therapy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 1993

Polymyositis (PM) is a inflammatory connective tissue disease involving predominantly skeletal muscles, characterized by symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness, inflammation, and frequently, degeneration. Interstitial lung disease in association with PM occurs in 5~10% of cases and carries an especially grave prognosis. Although the cause of lung involvement in PM is not known, the underlying pathologic process in the lung is an immune mediated inflammation of alveolar structures, alveolitis. It is of interest, therefore, that cyclophosphamide, an immune modulating agent, has been reported to be effective in the treatment of PM. We report a case of corticosteroid resistant PM associated with interstitial lung disease, successfully treated with cyclophosphamide. A 37-year-old female was presented with 8 months duration of cough, exertional dyspnea, and muscle weakness. She had typical symptoms, physical findings, and elevated muscle enzyme levels in serum with characteristic findings of muscle biopsy. She also had typical interstitial lung disease pattern on chest X-ray and high resolution CT with restrictive pattern on pulmonary function test. The findings of transbronchial lung biopsy was compatible with interstitial lung disease. She failed to respond to corticosteroid initially. Subsequently steroids and cyclophosphamide were given with excellent clinical improvement.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.431-436
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate urine protein-to-creatinine ratio as a parameter for early detection of nephrotic syndrome and as a parameter for monitoring effectiveness in early course of treatment. Nine healthy dogs were sensitized by intravenous injection with 1 $\mu$g of endotoxin and 5 mg of native bovine serum albumin. After 1 week, 120 mg of cationized bovine serum albumin was injected intravenously 5 times a week. Among nine dogs, five dogs were confirmed as having developed glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome by increase of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio(>1.0), hypoalbuminemia (<1.5 g/dl), hypercholesterolemia (> 240 mg/dl) and azotemia (BUN>40 mg/dl). During the induction of glomerulonephritis and the progression to nephrotic syndrome, the increase of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was firstly detected. 1 to 4 weeks later, hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, and azotemia were detected. Prednisolone (2.2 mg/kg, bid) was administered orally to the dogs with induced nephrotic syndrome. In early stage of treatment, the increase of serum albumin and decrease of serum cholesterol were detected. 1 to 4 weeks later, decrease of urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was detected. It was concluded that urine protein-to-creatinine ratio is a useful parameter for early detection of nephrotic syndrome, and serum albumin and cholesterol are useful parameters for the monitoring in early course of treatment in nephrotic syndrome.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 1971

Comparatives studies were made on stabilities of some hormons, used individually and combined with some stabilizers, and the following results were found. 1. The increasing order of antiallergic hormons (prednisolone, dexamethasone) to the stabilities as follows : Chlorpheniramine>Menadione>Inositol>Ascorbic acid. 2. The increasing order of sulfonylureas in as follows : Chlorpheniramine>Thiamine>Inositol>Ascorbic acid.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 1979.04a
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• pp.115.4-116
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• 1979

Acetone-dried cells of Arthrobacter simplex were entrapped in several preparations of hydrophilic urethane prepolymers and their steroid converting ability was examined. SeVeral solvents, such as methanol and propylone glycol, wereeffective for the conversion of hydrocortisone to prednisolone. The stability of the immobilized cells during storage and on repeated reactions was also examined. Thisconvenient entrapping method was also applicable for the immobilization of cellular organelles. yeast peroxisomes. The entrapped peroxi-somessh owed the activities of alcohol oxidase and catalase.