• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.395-404
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a predictive model for happiness of students in general high schools. The study was based on the theory of happiness integration and the literature review. Methods: Data were collected using a convenience sample of 231 first and second grade students in five general high schools in D city and K Province. The exogenous variables were optimism as personality factors, parenting attitude, academic stress and friend's support as happiness. The endogenous variables were self-esteem and resilience as mediating variables, and happiness of students in general high schools. Data collection was done from March 14 to March 28, 2019. The AMOS 22.0 and SPSS programs were used to verify the validity of confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis models. Results: The factors that have the greatest influence on happiness of high school students are self-esteem and resilience. The explanatory power of happiness by these variables was 98.1%. The individual mediating effect and double mediation effect of these variables were found to be significant. Conclusion: As student's optimistic personality, parent's positive parenting attitude, and friend's support improve student's self-esteem and resilience, ultimately positively affecting high school students' happiness, so it is necessary to consider these factors and try to develop a happiness improvement program.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.989-996
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• 2008

Recently, a few types of fish-cage in open sea are researched. This fish-cage has to operate monitoring system for keeping an optimum living condition for fish. The most efficient monitoring system is WVMS(Wireless Vision Monitoring System) for fish-cage in open sea. WVMS should be able to transmit video signal and communicate with each controller. So. it needs to be based on WLAN(Wireless LAN) which has characteristic of higher transfer-rate, In this paper, we propose a structure of WVMS using WLAN equipments for maritime environment and prove its effectiveness. We present the propagation loss model of WVMS's communication channel. measured by field test, and discuss its validity compared with the predictive value based on the Friss propagation model and Plane earth reflection model. We present the number of frames that is received from WLAN modem connecting with underwater-camera in field test spots. As a result, we confirmed that proposed WVMS is suitable for maritime environment and it is possible to be applied to fish-cage in open sea on 'seogwipo'.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1211-1222
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• 2017

In order to decrease the parameter sensitivity of deadbeat direct torque control (DB-DTC), an improved deadbeat direct torque control method for surface mounted permanent-magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) drives is proposed. First, the track errors of the stator flux and torque that are caused by model parameter mismatch are analyzed. Then a sliding mode observer is designed, which is able to predict the d-q axis currents of the next control period for one-step delay compensation, and to simultaneously estimate the model parameter disturbance. The estimated disturbance of this observer is used to estimate the stator resistance offline. Then the estimated resistance is required to update the designed sliding-mode observer, which can be used to estimate the inductance and permanent-magnetic flux linkage online. In addition, the flux and torque estimation of the next control period, which is unaffected by the model parameter disturbance, is achieved by using predictive d-q axis currents and estimated parameters. Hence, a low parameter sensitivity DB-DTC method is developed. Simulation and experimental results show the validity of the proposed direct control method.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2014

Purpose: The Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ) translated into Korean was modified to easily apply and reduce respondents' confusion and was evaluated for psychometric properties and discriminant ability. Methods: A total of 960 Korean adults aged 45 years and older participated in this cross-sectional survey. To test reliability, validity and discriminant ability, Cronbach's alpha, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, simple regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis were used. Results: Item-total correlations ranged between 62~.85 and Cronbach's alpha was .95. Area under ROC was .86 (95% CI: .83~.90) and the optimal cutoff score was identified as ${\leq}$ 66 (sensitivity, .77; specificity, .84; positive/negative predictive values, .49/.95). Using this cutoff score, the prevalence of insomnia in the study sample was 25.8% and tended to be more common in female and older groups. Conclusion: The data supported the psychometric properties of Korean Modified Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (KMLSEQ) as an acceptable sleep measurement. In addition, KMLSEQ is likely to be a useful screening tool for insomnia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2017

Various approaches have been proposed to predict the ash deposition (slagging and fouling) propensity of coal, which is essential in maintaining high efficiency and preventing corrosion/damage of a coal-fired boiler. The common method is to establish an index of the ash deposition propensity based on elementary coal composition and advanced characterization of ash properties, which is readily applicable to design, operation and maintenance of coal-fired boilers. Although many indexes have been developed for this purpose, their validity is still not satisfactory in actual applications to particular coal types or operating conditions. This paper reviews the status of predictive approaches for the ash deposition propensity, and assesses the performance of existing indexes by comparing the results for selected coals. This work will contribute to the development of a comprehensive and practical method for prediction of the ash deposition propensity.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.587-602
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• 2013

In the current study, a method for concrete compressive strength prediction (based on cement strength class), incorporated in a software package developed by the authors for the estimation of concrete service life under harmful environments, is presented and validated. Prediction of concrete compressive strength, prior to real experimentation, can be a very useful tool for a first mix screening. Given the fact that lower limitations in strength have been set in standards, to attain a minimum of service life, a strength approach is a necessity. Furthermore, considering the number of theoretical attempts on strength predictions so far, it can be seen that although they lack widespread accepted validity, certain empirical expressions are still widely used. The method elaborated in this study, it offers a simple and accurate, compressive strength estimation, in very good agreement with experimental results. A modified version of the Feret's formula is used, since it contains only one adjustable parameter, predicted by knowing the cement strength class. The approach presented in this study can be applied on any cement type, including active additions (fly ash, silica fume) and age.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1265-1274
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• 2018

This paper proposes a virtual flux (VF) and positive-sequence power based control strategy to improve the performance of grid-interfaced three-phase voltage source converters against unbalanced and distorted grid conditions. By using a second-order generalized integrator (SOGI) based VF observer, the proposed strategy achieves an AC voltage sensorless and grid frequency adaptive control. Aiming to realize a balanced sinusoidal line current operation, the fundamental positive-sequence component based instantaneous power is utilized as the control variable. Moreover, the fundamental negative-sequence VF feedforward and the harmonic attenuation ability of a sequence component generator are employed to further enhance the unbalance regulation ability and the harmonic tolerance of line currents, respectively. Finally, the proposed scheme is completed by combining the foregoing two elements with a predictive direct power control (PDPC). In order to verify the feasibility and validity of the proposed SOGI-VFPDPC, the scenarios of unbalanced voltage dip, higher harmonic distortion and grid frequency deviation are investigated in simulation and experimental studies. The corresponding results demonstrate that the proposed strategy ensures a balanced sinusoidal line current operation with excellent steady-state and transient behaviors under general grid conditions.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.351-358
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• 1997

Body temperature should be measured accurately to assess neonate's condition for proper care. Temperatures measured in rectal, axillary and tympanic site were compared in 129 normal neonates to find out proper nursing time for measuring temperature and the validity of fever detection. The results were as follows : 1. Mean temperatures of axillary and tympanic site($36.85^{\circ}C,\;37.12^{\circ}C$) were significantly lower than those of rectal site($37.19^{\circ}C$). 2. Mean nursing time for measuring body temperature was significantly higher and lower in axillary and tympanic temperatures(159.49 seconds, 11.07 seconds) than in rectal temperature(105.62 seconds). 3. Tympanic and axillary temperatures were significantly correlated with rectal temperature (r=0.85, r=0.78) and the significant correlation was demonstrated between tympanic and axillary temperatures(r=0.76). 4. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 0.87, 0.90, 0.72, 0.96 for detecting fever respectively. The above findings indicated that the tympanic thermometer offers a useful alternative to conventional methods.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.443-450
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• 2021

The paper investigates the factors that affect the decision of young Chinese consumers to buy high-end cosmetics. The study is based on the responses obtained by questionnaires from 400 respondents in Guangzhou, China. The information was collected and classified on the basis of gender, occupation, age and education in order to understand the main characteristics of the sample in a better way. The purposive, convenient and quota sampling techniques of non-probability sampling method were used. Besides this, the predictive test was carried out with 30 respondents to ensure the reliability and validity of the questionnaires. The data was put to descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression analysis in order to verify the hypotheses. The data revealed that, while brand awareness does not affect the consumer attitude about the high-end cosmetics, other factors like product involvement, perceived quality, subjective norm, and word-of-mouth have significant effect on consumer's attitude and consumers' intention about high-end cosmetics. The findings of the study show that subjective norm, perceived value, word-of-mouth, and consumer attitude of cosmetic products highly affect consumers purchase intention of high-end cosmetic products. The research paper helps to form concrete and effective marketing strategy based on various aspects of consumer behavior for high-end cosmetics in China.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.301-311
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• 2021

Most leadership styles are generally designed to enhance the cognitive and behavioral skills of leaders with the implicit assumption that this would ultimately translate into high performance. As we are moving towards Industry 4.0, organizations must employ leadership styles that will help the organization succeed. Thus, the objective of this paper is to confirm the determinant factors for Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) leadership attributes in Malaysian manufacturing companies. Stratified sampling was used to select the sample. Data was collected using the online survey method, where the response rate was 43 percent. The respondents consisted of respondents aged from 31-40 years old, with 69 respondents. In terms of race, the highest number of respondents are the Malays. Questionnaires were distributed to middle and top-level managers from manufacturing companies which were listed in the Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the reliability and validity of the construct. Based on the analysis, 66 items could be used to measure the 4IR leadership attributes. The validation of 4IR leadership can also provide predictive implications on improving leaders' performance, given the different attributes confirmed by the findings.