• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.225-239
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• 2010

A high prevalence of farmer's work-related musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) have been reported in precedent studies. Risk factors - physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic risk factor etc. - in farm-work were identified by previous studies. To prevent farmers from exposing to them and reduce, Agricultural Safety Technology were introduced and used on farm. The purpose of this study is to review and summarize the agricultural safety technology on farm in Korea. According to strategy principles, this technology is classified as four criteria - workload reduction by reducing awkward posture, workload reduction by using manual material handling aids, Comfort improvement by protecting worker from hot, cold environment and work efficiency improvement by workplace redesign and cultivation modification. This technology includes transporting tools, working cloth, personal protective equipment, and pesticide-proof Clothing. Anthropometric study of Korean farmers was also carried out to support the development of equipment and clothes. In long terms, it needs to precaution activity from risk factors by using cultivation modification and working improvement. Although working condition gets better and workload reduce by this technology, it required customized safety technology in each crops - rice cultivation, horticulture and livestock farming. And farmers should use the assistive technology and participate voluntarily in ergonomic intervention program.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2006

We retrospectively evaluated our results of replantations of distal digital amputations and analyzed the factors deterrent to the survival of replanted digits. From January 2004 to 2005 June, we performed 101 cases of replantations following complete amputations at or distal to interphalangeal joint level. The study included 98 patients with a mean age of 35.6 years (range 1 to 63 years). Amputation level correlated to zone I (distal to the lunula)in 47 cases and zone II (lunula to distal interphalangeal joint) in 54 cases according to Yamano's classification. According to the mechanism of amputation, 24 cases (22.9%) suffered from guillotine type injury, 27 cases (27.1 %) from avulsion type injury and 50 cases (50%) from crush type injury. In all cases, a single arterial anastomosis was performed. Venous anastomosis on either volar or dorsal side was performed in 12 cases of amputation in zone II. Salvage procedure for venous drainage was performed in 98 cases. The mean duration of salvage procedures was 5.9 days (ranging from 4 to 14 days). Successful replantation was achieved in 96 cases (95.1%), which included 93.7% cases in zone I amputations and 96.3% cases in zone II amputations. A single venous anastomosis was performed in 12 cases of amputation in zone II. All of them survived completely. Among the 5 cases that failed to survive, 3 cases were related with avulsion injury in zone I. Initial mechanism of injury determines the survival rate of amputated parts as it is directly related with the status of vessels and soft tissues. Meticulous precaution during the salvage procedure may affect the overall survival rate of distal digital replantations.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2013

비장티푸스성 살모넬라균은 그람 음성 간균으로, 인체감염 시 위장관염부터 발열, 균혈증 등의 전신성 증상을 보일 수 있다. 이들의 감염은 주로 음식물을 매개로 이루어지나 애완용 파충류, 양서류, 어류 등을 통한 전파 역시 가능한 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 알려진 바에 비해 국내에서 애완용 파충류 및 어류를 통한 살모넬라 감염의 보고는 없는 상황이다. 이에 저자들은 세브란스병원에 발열을 주소로 내원하여 살모넬라 균혈증을 진단받은 2명의 환아를 조사하여 이들의 병력 상 애완용 거북이 및 열대어와의 접촉을 통한 살모넬라 감염의 가능성이 있음을 확인하였다. 최근 애완용 파충류 및 어류의 사육이 증가하고 있는 상황에서 살모넬라 감염을 예방하기 위한 노력이 필요하며, 특히 살모넬라 감염에 의하여 심각한 합병증을 유발할 위험성이 높은 5세 미만의 소아에서는 애완용 파충류 및 어류와의 접촉이 이루어지지 않도록 하는 것이 중요할 것으로 판단되어 이를 증례를 통하여 보고한다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호통권32호
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• pp.351-362
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• 1997

중. 소규모의 교량 설계시, 그가 가지고 있는 여러 가지 장점 때문에 연속 합성형 교량 형식을 채택하는 것이 점차 보편화되고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 콘크리트 슬래브에 프리스트레스를 가하지 않는 경우에는 교량 중앙 지점부의 부모맨트로 인하여 발생하는 콘크리트 슬래브의 균열을 설계시에 고려해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 기존에 제시된 두 가지 전단연결재 설계 방법에 대하여 탄.소성 유한요소해석법으로 비교 검토하였다. 그리고 부분합성이론을 소개하고 이 이론에 의한 이론적 엄밀해를 유도하였다. 합성정도에 따른 단순합성보와 연속합성보의 거동을 해석결과와 실험결과의 비교 분석을 통하여 부분합성이론을 강합성형교의 설계와 시공에 적용할 경우의 장단점을 검토하였다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.89-91
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• 2017

Background: The superior orbital fissure is a small area that connects the middle cranial fossa and the orbit. Many studies have measured the size of the superior orbital fissure. However, there is no standard value for the size of the superior orbital fissure. Therefore, we conducted this study to provide the average size of the superior orbital fissure in Korean adults. Methods: We measured the widths of the superior orbital fissures of 142 patients using computed tomography scans. Because the width of the superior orbital fissure varies at different locations, we measured the superior orbital fissure width at the level of the optic canal. Results: In the males, the width of the superior orbital fissure on both sides was $3.79{\pm}0.93mm$, and these values were $3.79{\pm}0.96mm$ for the left side and $3.783{\pm}0.92mm$ for the right side. In the females, the widths of the superior orbital fissures were $3.62{\pm}1.35mm$ on the left side, $3.69{\pm}1.18mm$ on the right side, and $3.65{\pm}1.26mm$ across both sides. Conclusion: There were no significant differences between the males and females or between the left and right sides. The present study suggests that we may accept the hypothesis that a congenitally narrow superior orbital fissure may be a risk factor for the superior orbital fissure syndrome. Surgeons should take precaution with patients who have narrow superior orbital fissures during the perioperative period.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to investigate knowledge of and compliance with the multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infection control guidelines among student nurses on clinical practicum, Methods: survey questionnaire on MORO infection control was administered to a convenience sample of 259 nursing students from 3 different nursing schools Results: The mean knowledge score was 28.01/39 (71.82%). The percentages of correct answers for basic concepts, route of transmission, hand washing/ protective devices and environment management, were 55.40, 81.14, 84.94 and 69.17 respectively. The mean compliance score was 3.83/5. The compliance scores for education, communication, contact precaution, environment management, and hand washing were 3.06, 3.33, 3.86, 4.50, 3.92 and 4.29 respectively. 96.9% of subjects knew that they should wash hands after touching MORO patient while only 22.8% of subjects knew how to collect samples for VRE surveillance culture, The highest compliant item was hand washing after touching MORO patient. The Lo-west compliant item was referring to infection control manual. Conclusion: Comprehensive MDRO infection control education programs for nursing students should be developed to decrease MORO infection.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2002

Pursose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the selected nursing interventions and to describe the most common nursing interventions used by neurosurgery unit nurses. Method: The data was collected from 65 nurses of 5 general hospitals from Jan. 8, 2001 to Feb. 28, 2001. The instrument for this study was the Korean translation of 486 nursing intervention classifications, developed by MacClosky & Bluecheck in 2000. In the 486 nursing interventions 310 nursing interventions were selected, 8 from among the 10 professional nurses group in the neurosurgery care unit. The 310 nursing interventions were used in a secondary questionnaire. In the secondary questionnaire, all 310 intervention lables and definitions were listed. The data was analysed with SPSS program. Result: The results of this study are as follows. 1. The most frequently used nursing intervention domains were "physiological: complex", "physiological: basic", "Health system", "Behavior", "Safety", "Family". 2. Neurosurgery care unit core nursing interventions were performed several times a day by 50% or more of the Neurosurgery care unit. Neurosurgery core nursing intervention, 5 domain ("physiological: complex", "physiological: basic", "Health system", "Safety", "Behavior"), 16 class, 48 core nursing intervention. The most frequently used Neurosurgery core nursing interventions were Intravenous Therapy, Pressure ulcer prevention, Documentation, Airway suctioning, Medication: intravenous, Pain management, Medication: intramuscular, Shift report, Intravenous insertion, Positioning, Aspiration precaution, Pressure management, Physician support, Pressure ulcer care. 3. Compared with carrier and age of nurses, the more effective nursing interventions were "Family", Compared with the nursing place and the use of nursing interventions of nurses the most effective nursing interventions were "Health system" performed by nurse in university hospital. Conclusion: The purpose of this study was to analysis the nursing intervention performed by neurosurgery unit nurses. This study analyses nursing intervention and core nursing interventions performed by neurosurgery unit nurses. Basis on this study result, neurosurgery nursing interventions will be systematized, and progression of qualitative nursing, data of computerized nusing information system will be utilized.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2013

Objective : Surgical results for anterior choroidal artery (AChA) aneurysms have previously been reported as unsatisfactory due to inadvertent occlusion of the AChA, while the low incidence of AChA aneurysms hampers the accumulation of surgical experience. The authors reviewed their related surgical experience to document the ischemic complications and surgical outcomes. Methods : Identification of the AChA at its origin by rigorous visual scrutiny, careful microdissection, and meticulous clip placement to avoid the AChA origin are all crucial surgical maneuvers. A retrospective review of a surgical series of 62 consecutive cases of an AChA aneurysm between 2004 and 2012 was performed. Results : All patients, except for five (8.1%) with a small residual neck, showed complete aneurysm obliteration in postoperative angiographic evaluations. There was no incidence of procedure-related permanent AChA syndrome or oculomotor nerve palsy, while three (4.8%) patients suffered from transient AChA syndrome. The clinical outcomes [the 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS)] of the patients were related to their preoperative World Federation of Neurologic Surgeons (WFNS) grade. As regards the 3-month mRS, significant differences were found between patients with an unruptured aneurysm (WFNS grade 0; n=20), good-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (WFNS grade 1-3; n=30), and poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (WFNS grade 4-5; n=4). Conclusion : In surgical treatment of AChA aneurysms, a risk of AChA insufficiency can be minimized by taking every precaution to preserve the AChA patency and intraoperative monitoring. In addition, the surgical outcome is primarily determined by the preoperative clinical state.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1996

교통영향평가는 일정규모 이상의 사업시행으로 교통에 심각한 영향을 초래할 수 있는 사업에 대하여 교통의 영향을 분석, 그 결과에 따라 사업계획을 조정 또는 교통시설을 확충하여 교통문제점을 사전에 예방하는 제도로, 교통계획에서 뿐 만 아니라 교통관리체계에서도 중요한 과정이다. 그래서 교통영향평가는 그 대상지역을 광범위하고 상세하게 막대한 양의 자료를 수집, 편집, 분석해야 하기 때문에 수집된 대단위 자료의 처리가 가능해야만 한다. 교통영향평가에 있어서 GIS는 평가에서 요구되어지는 위와 같은 여러 가지 측면에서 상당히 만족할 만한 경과를 얻게한다. 그래서 본 연구에서는 GIS를 이용하여 정확하게 그래픽과 통계적 수치, 그리고 속성자료를 결합하여 주변지역 토지이용 및 개발계획 현황, 교통시설 이용현황, 교통개발 공공계획, 교통수요 등을 종합적이며 유기적으로 취급 가능하게 하며, 또한 수집된 자료를 통한 조사분석, 예측, 문제점 제시 등에서 여러 가지의 통합적 분석을 통한 종합적인 문제점을 제시하여 교통영향평가에 있어서 GIS가 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는지를 살펴보고자 한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.348-354
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• 1987

실험실에서는 민꽃게 대상으르 생각될 수 있는 그 물통발을 4가지 형태로 제작하고, 이를 통발에 대한 민꽃게의 행동을 수조실험을 통해 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 민꽃게의 색이행동은 시각과 후각에 의하며, 입롱시 매우 강한 경계행동을 보였다. 2) 민꽃게의 통발접촉수는 통발투하후 점차 증가하여 주로 30분 이내에 최대치를 보였다가 차차 감소하였다. 3) 민꽃게의 입롱은 통발 투하후 30분 이내에 주로 일어났고, 입롱이 빨리 일어날수록 최대접촉수도 빨리 나타났다. 4) 통발에 접촉한 민꽃게가 입구쪽으로 유도되는 것은 평면형상이 원형인 통발에서 쉬웠고, 입구부근에서 입구속으로 유도되는 것은 입롱과 출롱은 근본적으로 입구가 하부에 난 통발에서 쉬웠다. 5) 입구 끝이 통발내로 휘어저 들어간 것은 민꽃게의 출롱방지에 효과가 있었다. 6) 입구끝에 혀그물이 있으면 민꽃게의 입롱이 심하게 방해되나, 출롱은 전혀 보이지 않았다.