• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.206-225
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• 2012

General status of pediatric dentistry in Korea is to conduct vigorous academic activities and specialized medical care centering the Korean Association of Pediatric Dentistry (KAPD) that has about 1,000 pediatric dentists as members, pediatric dentistry departments of 11 Colleges of Dentistry, numbers of pediatric dentistry training institutions and private clinics specialized in children. From 1996, the accredited pediatric dentists were produced by the KAPD and from 2008, the state began to produce the accredited pediatric dentists. Since then, doctors with expertise in pediatric care had opened private clinics in addition to the university hospitals, it became the basis of a momentum to deepen the specialty of pediatric dentistry. The Dentistry community of Korea is going through rapid and profound changes recently, and the underlying reasons for such changes can be classified largely into a few categories: (1) Decreasing population and structural changes in population (2) Increase in numbers of dentists, (3) Changes in the pattern of dental diseases and (4) Changes in medical environment. In Korea, the children population in the age range of 0 ~ 14 years old had been decreased by 2 million in 2010 compared to that of 2000 due to reduction of birth rate. The current population of children in the age range of 0 ~ 4 years old in 2010 takes up 16.2% of the total population, but it is estimated that such percentage would decrease to 8.0% by 2050. Such percentage is largely behind the estimated mean global population of 19.6% by 2050. On the other hand, the number of dentists had been largely increased from 18,000 in 2000 to 25,000 in 2010. And it is estimated that the number will be increased to 41,000 by 2030. In addition, the specialized personnel of Pediatric dentistry had been shown as increased by 2.5 times during past 10 years. For the changes in the pattern of dental diseases, including dental caries, each df rate of 5 years old children and 12 years old children had been decreased by 21.9% and 16.7% respectively in 2010 compared to 2000. Each df Index also had been decreased by 2.5 teeth and 1.2 teeth respectively. The medical expenditure of Korea is less than that of OECD and more specifically, the expenditure from the National Health Plan is less than OECD but the expenditure covered by households is larger than OECD. These facts indicate that it is considered as requiring the coverage of the national health plan to be reinforced more in the future and as such reinforcement needs continuous promotion. In medical examination pattern of Pediatric dentistry, the preventive and corrective treatment were increased whereas the restorative treatment was decreased. It is considered that such change is caused from decrease of dental caries from activation of the prevention project at national level. For the restorative treatment, the restorations in use of dental amalgam, pre-existing gold crowning and endodontic treatment had been decreased in their proportion while the restorative treatment in use of composite resin had been increased. It is considered that such changes is caused by the change of demands from patients and family or guardians as they desired more aesthetic improvement along with socio-economic growth of Korean society. Due to such changes in dentistry, the pediatric dentistry in Korea also attempts to have changes in the patterns of medical examination as follows; It tends to implement early stage treatment through early diagnosis utilizing various diagnostic tools such as FOTI or QLF. The early stage dental caries so called white spot had been included in the subjects for dental care or management and in order to do so, the medical care guidelines essentially accompanied with remineralization treatment as well as minimally invasive treatment is being generalized gradually. Also, centering the Pediatric dentists, the importance of caries risk assessment is being recognized, in addition that the management of dental caries is being changed from surgical approach to internal medicinal approach. Recently, efforts began to emerge in order to increase the target patients to be managed by dentists and to expand the application scope of Pediatric dentistry along with through such changes. The interest and activities of Pediatric dentists which had been limited to the medical examination room so far, is now being expanded externally, as they put efforts for participating in the preventive policy making process of the community or the state, and to support the political theories. And also opinions are being collected into the direction that the future- oriented strategic political tasks shall be selected and researches as well as presentations on the theoretical rationale of such tasks at the association level.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.25-47
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• 2022

본 연구는 중학생의 부모 이해 향상을 위해 교수·학습과정안을 개발하고 수업에 적용하여 부모 이해 수업이 중학생의 부모-자녀 관계에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 데 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 2021년 7월 5일부터 7월 15일까지 광주광역시에 있는 S 중학교 2학년 학생을 대상으로 기술·가정 수업 시간에 주당 3시간씩 2주 동안 총 6차시에 걸쳐 부모 이해 수업을 시행하였다. 수업이 부모-자녀 관계에 미치는 영향은 중년 부모에 대한 이해, 부모와의 상호작용 정도, 부모와의 애정도 및 유대감으로 측정하였다. 수업의 영향을 분석하기 위해 본 연구에 동의한 184명의 학생을 대상으로 사전·사후 온라인 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 수집된 양적 자료는 SPSS Ver 22.0 통계 프로그램을 사용하여 기술 통계, 신뢰도 분석, 대응 표본 t-test를 실시하였다. 분석 결과 중년기 부모 이해 수업 이후 중년기 발달 특성에 대한 자녀들의 이해도가 증가하였고 청소년기 자녀와 부모 간 상호작용 정도도 증가하였다. 그리고 어머니에 대한 전반적인 애정도가 유의미하게 증가하였다. 또한 어머니, 아버지와의 전반적 유대감이 모두 유의미하게 향상되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 청소년기 자녀를 둔 가족의 긍정적인 부모-자녀 관계를 위해서는 기술·가정 교과의 가족 단원에 자녀가 부모를 이해할 수 있는 수업이 필요함을 알 수 있다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 심한 우식 또는 저광화에 이환된 제1대구치에 기성금속관을 수복한 후 교합 변화에 대해 평가하는 것이다. 제1대구치가 교합 평면까지 도달하여 교합되는 환자 중 기준에 부합하는 24명의 환자를 대상으로 연구를 진행하였다. 하나의 제1대 구치에 기성금속관으로 수복치료를 진행하였다. 치료 전, 치료 직후, 4주 후, 8주 후 검진마다 T-Scan III을 사용하여 최대교두감합위에서 교합력 분포를 측정하였고 디지털 버니어 캘리퍼로 수직피개를 측정하였으며 정중선의 변화를 조사하였다. 8주 후 검진에서는 설문 조사를 진행하였다. 대부분 치료 전과 비교해서 치료 직후 악궁에서 수복한 쪽과 수복하지 않은 쪽 사이의 교합력 분포가 역전되었으며 수직피개는 감소했다. 하지만 4주 후에 좌, 우측 교합력이 평형을 이루었고 수복한 제1대구치와 수복하지 않은 제1대구치의 교합력 분포는 비슷한 값을 가졌다. 또한 변화한 수직피개, 정중선은 치료 전 상태로 회복되었고 치료 후 유의할만한 턱관절 및 저작 불편감은 없었다. 이번 연구를 통해 기성금속관 수복 후 한 달 뒤에 자발적인 교합 평형이 이루어진 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2014

Purpose: Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major public health problems in India. Hence, there is a need to identify risk factors that, when modified, will reduce the burden of unhealthy children on the healthcare system. The objective of this study was to determine whether periodontitis among mothers in the rural population of India is a risk factor for LBW babies. Methods: A hospital-based case control study was conducted among 340 postpartum mothers. The cases consisted of 170 women who had given birth to babies weighing <2,500 g, while the control group consisted of 170 women who had given birth to babies weighing ${\geq}2,500g$. Details of the mothers were taken from the hospital records and through a personal interview, and a full-mouth periodontal examination was performed postpartum, which included probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing on six sites per tooth. Results: LBW cases had a significantly worse periodontal status than the controls, having an odds ratio (OR) of 2.94 (P=0.01). The multivariate logistic regression model demonstrated that periodontal disease is a significant independent risk factor with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.85 for the LBW group (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62-5.5). Other factors showing significant associations with LBW were pre-eclampsia (aOR, 4.49; 95% CI, 1.4-14.7), preterm labor (aOR, 5.5; 95% CI, 3.2-9.9), and vaginal type of delivery (aOR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.4-5.2). Conclusions: Periodontitis represents a strong, independent, and clinically significant risk factor for LBW. Periodontal therapy should form a part of the antenatal preventive care among rural women in India.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.149-170
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 지역아동센터 교사의 인권감수성 향상을 목표로 하는 인권교육 프로그램을 개발하고 그 효과성을 검증하는 것이다. 이를 위해 전국의 지역아동센터 교사 102명을 대상으로 인권감수성척도를 사용하여 인권교육 프로그램의 참여를 기준으로 사전-사후검사를 실시했다. 그 결과, 첫째, 교사의 인권감수성 전체가 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었다. 둘째, 인권감수성의 3가지 하위척도들 가운데 교사의 상황지각능력, 결과지각능력, 책임지각능력이 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었다. 셋째, 인권감수성의 10개 에피소드 가운데 '체포 구속당하지 않을 권리', '장애우의 신체자유권', '이주노동자의 노동권', '구금으로부터의 자유권'에 대한 교사의 인권감수성이 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었다. 이를 기초로 향후 인권교육 프로그램의 개발을 위한 실천적 함의가 논의되었다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to figure out the relationship between the residence stories in high-rise condominium and residents' disease patterns throughout the dweller's medical reports. Research basic data are obtained from medical fee request of National Health Insurance Corporation. Data are limited to 'A' high-rise condominium and a medical treatment time to 3 years (2004. 1-2006, 12). Data for analysis are composed of total 346,286 medical records, 43,159 disease records, and 8,999 personal records. Data are stored by sex, age, building story, residence story, visiting year and month, treatment days, main disease type (KCD-4). Treatment number, disease type and asthma in disease records and personal records are statistically analyzed by residence story considering age. Findings are as follows: 1) Women have more medical treatments than men, 40-50 age group is more treated, and the residents of 6-25 stories are more received medical treatments. According to KCD-4, diseases of the respiratory system and diseases of the eye and adnexa are relatively treated higher than other diseases. 2) The diseases of he respiratory system, the eye and adnexa, the skin and subcutaneous issue, the ear and mastoid process, and the asthma have not relation to the high-storied residence through the data of disease records and personal records. But the analysis on the data of children, age 7 and less, showed a significant relation. to conclude, there is no relationship between the residence of high-stories in the condominium and residents' disease patterns, but there is a little probable to the relationship in the pre-school child.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.521-526
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although a lot of effort has been put into increasing fruit and vegetable intakes in preschool children, vegetable intake in this group is still low. This study investigated whether nutrition education focusing on fruit and vegetable intakes can affect preschoolers' fruit and vegetable intakes as well as their behavioral outcomes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-five preschoolers (54.3% boys, n = 19) aged 4-6 years residing in Seoul underwent weekly nutrition education intervention (8 sessions) between May and July 2016. Intakes of fruits and vegetables were measured during pre and post-intervention. At snack time, fresh fruit (150 g) and vegetable (120 g) snacks were distributed to each child by teachers. The remaining portions of the snacks were weighed and recorded for each child. Behavioral outcomes were measured by applying Child behavior checklist 1.5-5 and the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. RESULTS: During post intervention, vegetable intake increased from $36.15{\pm}30.64g$ to $48.01{\pm}31.23g$ (P = 0.010). Among the emotional and behavioral problems measured by parents, levels of total problems (P = 0.001), internalizing (P = 0.004), externalizing (P = 0.003), anxiety and depression (P = 0.001), and aggressive behavior (P = 0.005) decreased. Anxiety (P = 0.026) score, as measured by teachers, also decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Nutrition education of preschoolers regarding the intakes of fruits and vegetables had a positive effect on preschoolers' vegetable intake as well as on their emotional and behavioral outcomes. A long-term, large-scale study with a broader study design is warranted to further investigate the role of fruit and vegetable intake in cognitive development and behavior of preschoolers.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 창의적 융합 수업 모형인 노벨 엔지니어링 수업이 초등학교 5학년 학생들의 창의적 문제해결력 향상에 미치는 효과에 대해서 기술한다. 이를 위해서 2019년 2학기에 초등학교 5학년 학생 90명을 대상으로 실험 집단과 통제 집단으로 나누어 수업이 진행되었다. 이 수업은 생태계와 상호작용이라는 핵심 개념을 중심으로 총 8차시 모둠별 프로젝트 형식으로 진행되었다. 수업은 5학년 국어, 과학, 실과 과목이 자연스럽게 융합되도록 설계하였으며, 수업 적용 후 사전 사후 창의적 문제해결 검사를 위해서 t-검정이 실시되었다. 실험 결과, 노벨 엔지니어링 수업이 창의적 문제해결력 4가지 하위 요소인 자기 확신 및 독립성, 확산적 사고, 비판적·논리적 사고, 동기적 요소 모두에서 매우 큰 효과가 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 노벨 엔지니어링은 이제까지 연구되어왔던 다양한 문제해결력 패러다임을 융합한 수업 모형이다. 이 연구를 통해서 노벨 엔지니어링 수업이 미래를 이끌어 갈 우리 아이들의 다양한 역량을 키울 수 있는 좋은 수업 방법임이 증명되었다. 노벨 엔지니어링이 우리 아이들의 미래 교육을 선도하는 융합 교육과정 모형으로 자리 잡기를 기대한다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2014

목적 또래관계증진훈련 프로그램을 적용하여 청소년 초기 아동의 자존감, 집단따돌림 및 우울에 미치는 중재효과를 확인하고자 한다. 방법 총 8회기를 한 장소에서 일정한 시간에 연구자와 2명의 연구보조원이 함께 프로그램을 실시하였다. 대조군에게 4주간의 간격으로 자존감, 집단따돌림 및 우울 검사 설문지를 이용하여 사전사후자료를 수집한 후 프로그램을 실시하는 날 실험군의 사전검사를 실시하였고, 프로그램을 종결하는 날 실험군의 사후검사를 실시하였다. 그리고 SPSS/WIN 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 Fisher's exact probability test, $x^2$ test 및 t-test로 분석하였다. 결과 또래관계증진훈련 프로그램에 참여한 후 실험군과 대조군 간에 자존감은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 집단따돌림과 우울은 유의한 차이가 있어, 본 프로그램이 청소년 초기 아동의 집단따돌림 및 우울을 감소시킴으로써 내적 적응력 및 대인관계를 향상시키는데 효과적인 중재임을 확인할 수 있었다. 결론 또래관계증진훈련 프로그램의 지속적인 중재효과 및 효율적인 재교육시기를 확인하기 위해서 일정한 시간이 지난 후 추후조사를 해볼 필요가 있으며, 학교 및 지역사회 내에서 학생들의 내적 적응력과 대인관계 향상을 위한 중재전략 수립 시 또래관계증진 훈련프로그램을 활용한다면 본 연구의 결과가 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2017

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pharmacological treatments for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on motor coordination, using the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). Methods: The participants were recruited from April 2015 to November 2016 from the Department of Psychiatry of Asan Medical Center and were treated for 3 months with methylphenidate or atomoxetine. The illness severity at baseline and 3 months were scored using the ADHD Rating Scale (ARS), Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S) and/or Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale (CGI-I). A total of 39 children with ADHD (age $8.0{\pm}1.4years$, 36 boys) completed the Advanced Test of Attention (ATA) and their parents completed the DCDQ at baseline and 3 months. The paired t-test, mixed between-within analysis of variance and correlation analysis were used. Results: The CGI-S (p<0.001), ARS (p<0.001), and fine motor/hand writing (p=0.005) on the DCDQ were significantly changed between pre-treatment and post-treatment. When the participants were divided into those who were suspected of having developmental coordination disorder (DCD) (n=23) and those who probably did not (n=16), the control during movement, fine motor/hand writing and general coordination scores on the DCDQ showed the main effects for group (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The fine motor/hand writing on the DCDQ has a significant main effect for time [F(1,37)=7.31, p=0.010, ${\eta}^2=0.405$] and the interaction effect between group and time was also significant [F(1,37)=4.63, p=0.038, ${\eta}^2=0.111$]. The baseline visual commission error on the ATA is significantly correlated with the changes in the DCDQ total scores (r=0.330, p=0.040). Conclusion: Our results provide preliminary evidence that pharmacological treatment for ADHD improves not only the core symptoms of ADHD, but also the motor coordination. Further studies are needed to confirm the effect of the pharmacological treatment for ADHD on the motor coordination.