• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.385-390
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• 1999

Dyeing properties of silk fabric with green tea colorants were studied by investigating the effect of dyeing conditions such as concentration pH dyeing temperature and time on dye uptakes and effect of mordants on color change and dye uptakes, And various colorfastnesses of dyed fabrics were evaluated for practical use. Green tea colorants showed relatively good affinity to silk fabric and produced yellowish red color. Langmuir adsoption isotherm was obtained. Therefore it is considered that ionic bondings between colorants and silk fibers are formed. Mordants did not improve dye uptakes and affect color of dyed fabrics significantly. But mordanting adversely affected lightfastness of dyed fabrics. Regardless of mordanting colorfastness to perspiration especially in alkaline condition of dyed fabrics showed low rating compared with other colorfastness. It is concluded that mordanting is not necessary for silk dyeing with green tea colorants.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.38-47
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• 2013

When building with concrete in cold weather, an insulation method of heat curing must be determined, and a holistic curing plan that considers the characteristics of structures, the heat loss coefficient of a curing sheet, the joint condition of the curing materials and the quantity of heat produced by a heating apparatus is an essential prerequisite for protection against early frost damage. But on a number of national construction sites, there have been serious problems in cold weather concreting due to the unreliability of the information obtained from practical experience. In the construction field in Japan, there is a specification for heat curing prepared by Japanese Architectural Society, which provides an equation for calculating heat quantity. It is also necessary to adopt a detailed specification for a standard heat curing method that is applicable to all national construction sites. In this study, the effect of bubble sheets on the economic feasibility of cold weather concrete is investigated through a comparison with the blue sheets commonly prescribed in national construction sites. In conclusion, this study found that bubble sheets had the effect of reducing the cost of curing materials and the fuel cost consumed by a heating apparatus, compared to the use of blue sheets.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.75-87
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Herbal-cupuncture with Acanthopanacis cortex Herbal-Acupuncture Solution (AC-HAS) on rheumatoid arthritis. Methods : The author performed several experimental items : it is paw thickness, weight of spleen, expression of $CD4^+,\;CD8^+,\;B220^+$ in the spleen, production of IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and examination of histology. Results : The obstain results are summarized s follows. 1. Treatment group were significantly inhibited the incidence of arthritis, hind paw edema and index of arthritis of CIA mice. 2. Treatment group were significantly decreased splenetic weight 3. The number of $CD4^+,\;CD8^+,\;B220^+$ activated cells were significantly inhibited in treatment group. 4. Treatment group were significantly decreased the amout of IL-4, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of CIA mice.. 5. Treatment group were expressed form of new bone, synoviumin and new margine in histology imperison to control group. Conclusions : Taking all these observations into account, AC-HAS injection is considered to be effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis and put to practical use in future rheumatoid arthritis clinic.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.309-333
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• 2010

Civil infrastructure, in both its construction and maintenance, represents the largest societal investment in this country, outside of the health care industry. Despite being the lifeline of US commerce, civil infrastructure has scarcely benefited from the latest sensor technological advances. Our future should focus on harnessing these technologies to enhance the robustness, longevity and economic viability of this vast, societal investment, in light of inherent uncertainties and their exposure to service and even extreme loadings. One of the principal means of insuring the robustness and longevity of infrastructure is to strategically deploy smart sensors in them. Therefore, the objective is to develop novel, durable, smart sensors that are especially applicable to major infrastructure and the facilities to validate their reliability and long-term functionality. In some cases, this implies the development of new sensing elements themselves, while in other cases involves innovative packaging and use of existing sensor technologies. In either case, a parallel focus will be the integration and networking of these smart sensing elements for reliable data acquisition, transmission, and fusion, within a decision-making framework targeting efficient management and maintenance of infrastructure systems. In this paper, prudent and viable sensor and health monitoring technologies have been developed and used in several large structural systems. Discussion will also include several practical bridge health monitoring applications including their design, construction, and operation of the systems.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.53-70
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• 1993

These experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of Taklee Hwangki Tang(THT) on inflammation. THT extract did not affected on the leakage of evans blue into peritoneal cavity and mouse paw edema induced by histamine, but decreased the cottom pellet granuloma formation. Using proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast cell line as an in vitro model of granulation tissue formation, the ability of THT to stumulate cellular proliferation of fibroblast cells was investigated. When the cells were seeded at $1{\times}10^4$ cells/well, balb/c 3T3 cells are reached to the late expponential phase at 3rd day. Under the conditions established above, THT increased the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells at concentration of $10^-,\;10^{-6}\;and\;10^{-5}g/ml$. The treatment of $10^{-6}g/ml$ of THT did not influence onthe NDA syntesis and proteinsynthesis of the cells. The $10\%$ serum from THT treated mice(500mg/kg/day for 4 days) increased the proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 fibroblast markedly, but decreased the DNA synthesis and protein sythesis of the cells. The results suggest that THT may be of practical therapeutic use at the period of the last in. flammation.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.66-75
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• 2000

Effect of reclaimed sewage on the paddy rice culture was examined by field experiment for two consecutive years. The domestic sewage was treated by the constructed wetland and the effluent of the treatment wetland was used for irrigation water. The reclaimed sewage was diluted before irrigation in the first year and it was used without dilution in the second year experiment. Growth components and yields were compared against the control plot where conventional method was applied. And also soil characteristics of the plots before and after reclaimed sewage irrigation were analyzed Generally addition of the reclaimed sewage irrigation didn't affect paddy rice culture adversely and even enhancement was observed. Fertilization was thought to be important factor for rice culture rather than irrigation water quality. Conventional fertilization and reclaimed sewage irrigation which contained high nutrient concentration resulted in better growth and more yield. Unlike widespread concern lodging did not happen even in the case of irrigation with average 90mg/L of T-N and conventional fertilization. Soil characteristics changed after irrigation and significant EC increasing was observed for the reclaimed sewage irrigation plots. From soil analyses salt accumulation could be a more potential problem than nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in the use of reclaimed sewage irrigation. Overall reclaimed sewage irrigation was thought to be one of practical alternatives for the ultimate disposal of sewage in rural area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2008

The solar photovoltaic Power generator can get more power with the higher solar radiation quantity. However, if the higher solar radiation quantity on cell becomes high temperature, the efficiency of generate will be reduced. To install cooling system for this kind of device can be the way to solve high temperature problem on cell but another problems after install it such as increasing of solar generated quantity problem, cost to install cooling system and cost to be maintained cooling system weren't discussed to practical use this system. So the present paper described about effect and commercial business possibility of cooling system.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.383-404
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• 1997

In this study, we tried to compare the effect of glass inserts on marginal leakage of composite resin restoration by comparing with that of several filling methods. The results obtained from this experiment were as follows ; 1. The degree of microleakage measured in glass inserts group was generally lower than that of the other groups. Statistical analysis showed significant intergroup difference between glass inserts and one complete unit, pre-polymerized composite resin ball(P<.05), but no significant difference between groups of glass inserts and increments(P>.05). 2. Scanning electron microscopic observation showed relatively large gap around resin-tooth interface in specimens restored the method of using the one complete unit and pre-polymerized composite resin ball whereas a denser and tighter was observed in increments and glass inserts group. Generally the gingival margin was shown to have better bonds than the occlusal margin in specimen of all groups. 3. In the present experiment, methods using the techniques of glass inserts and increments were evaluated to be superior to those of one complete unit, pre-polymerized composite resin ball in the aspect of microleakage. However, the result of this study could not determine the superiority of the use of glass inserts over incremental method. Besides the physical properties observed in this study, the practical aspect of clinical convenience should be considered in determining the selection of material.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.545-569
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• 2016

Stiffeners have widely been used in lateral load resisting systems to improve the buckling stability of shear panels in steel frames. However, due to major differences between plate girders and steel plate shear walls (SPSWs), use of plate girder equations often leads to uneconomical and, in some cases, incorrect design of stiffeners. Hence, this paper uses finite element analysis (FEA) to describe the effect of the rigidity and arrangement of stiffeners on the buckling behavior of plates. The procedures consider transverse and/or longitudinal stiffeners in various practical configurations. Subsequently, curves and formulas for the design of stiffeners are presented. In addition, the influence of stiffeners on the inward forces subjected to the boundary elements and the tension field angle is investigated as well. The results indicate that the effective application of stiffeners in SPSW systems not only improves the structural behavior, such as stiffness, overall strength and energy absorption, but also leads to a reduction of the forces that are exerted on the boundary elements.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1996 no.05
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• pp.226-231
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• 1996

Recently Iontophoresis is tried to physical therapy field.. It is method for direct penetrate to skin with ionization pharmacon because it is decreased side effect of pharmacon treatment such as gastrophathy and aphylaris of disease-causing germs. We designed WIT-I that is trial manufacture for clinical experiment This system is has been elrectrical paramete with 0-140V out range, 1-7mA current 1-15mim time set. Invite experiment, WIT-I kept designed performance which is a constant current in variable load resistance such as skin and electrode contact. It is estimated to have a practical use for physical therapy by iontophcresis.