• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.459-471
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• 2019

This paper presents post-buckling analysis of a functionally graded beam under hygro-thermal effect. The material properties of the beam change though height axis with a power-law function. In the nonlinear kinematics of the post-buckling problem, the total Lagrangian approach is used. In the solution of the problem, the finite element method is used within plane solid continua. In the nonlinear solution, the Newton-Raphson method is used with incremental displacements. Comparison studies are performed. In the numerical results, the effects of the material distribution, the geometry parameters, the temperature and the moisture changes on the post-buckling responses of the functionally graded beam are presented and discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제70권2호
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• pp.179-197
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• 2019

In this article, the effect of different geometrical, materials and load parameters on the transient response of axisymmetric viscoelastic functionally graded annular plates with different boundary conditions are studied. The behavior of the plate is assumed the elastic in bulk and viscoelastic in shear with the standard linear solid model. Also, the graded properties vary through the thickness according to a power law function. Three types of mostly applied transient loading, i.e., step, impulse, and harmonic with different load distribution respect to radius coordinate are examined. The motion equations and the corresponding boundary conditions are extracted by applying the first order shear deformation theory which are three coupled partial differential equations with variable coefficients. The resulting motion equations are solved analytically using the perturbation technique and the generalized Fourier series. The sensitivity of the response to the graded indexes, different transverse loads, aspect ratios, boundary conditions and the material properties are investigated too. The results are compared with the finite element analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• 제73권10호
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• pp.1431-1436
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• 2018

We study the scaling of the price fluctuation in the Korean housing market. From the numerical analysis, we show that the normalized return distribution of the housing price, P(r), has a fat-tail and is well approximated by a power-law, $P(r){\sim}r^{-({\alpha}+1)}$, with ${\alpha}{\simeq}3$ for the whole data set. However, if we divide the data into groups based on the trading patterns, then the value of ${\alpha}$ for positive tail and negative tail can be different depending on the trading patterns. We also find that the autocorrelation function of the housing price decays much slower than that of the stock exchange markets, which shows a unique feature of the housing market distinguished from the other financial systems.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2022

Average aggregate size in particulate suspensions is estimated with scaling theories based on fractal concept and elasticity of colloidal gel. The scaling theories are used to determine structure parameters of the aggregates, i.e., fractal dimension and power-law exponent for aggregate size reduction with shear stress using scaling behavior of elastic modulus and shear yield stress as a function of particle concentration. The structure parameters are utilized to predict aggregate size which varies with shear stress through rheological modeling. Experimentally rheological measurement is conducted for aqueous suspension of zinc oxide particles with average diameter of 110 nm. The predicted aggregate size is about 1135 nm at 1 s^-1 and 739 nm at 1000 s^-1 on the average over the particle concentrations. It has been found that the predicted aggregate size near 0.1 s^-1 agrees with that the measured one by a dynamic light scattering analyzer operated un-sheared.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2022

A Closed-form solution for dynamic response of a functionally graded (FG) nonlocal nanobeam due to action of moving harmonic load is presented in this paper. Due to analyzing in small scale, a nonlocal elasticity theory is utilized. The governing equation and boundary conditions are derived based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and Hamilton's principle. The material properties vary through the thickness direction. The harmonic moving load is modeled by Delta function and the FG nanobeam is simply supported. Using the Laplace transform the dynamic response is obtained. The effect of important parameters such as excitation frequency, the velocity of the moving load, the power index law of FG material and the nonlocal parameter is analyzed. To validate, the results were compared with previous literature, which showed an excellent agreement.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2024

In this research, a semi-analytical solution is presented for computing mechanical displacements and thermal stresses in rotating thick cylindrical pressure vessels made of functionally graded material (FGM). The modulus of elasticity, linear thermal expansion coefficient, and density of the cylinder are assumed to change along the axial direction as a power-law function. It is also assumed that Poisson's ratio and thermal conductivity are constant. This cylinder was subjected to non-uniform internal pressure and thermal loading. Thermal loading varies in two directions. The governing equations are derived by the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Using the multilayer method, a functionally graded (FG) cylinder with variable thickness is divided into n homogenous disks, and n sets of differential equations are obtained. Applying the boundary conditions and continuity conditions between the layers, the solution of this set of equations is obtained. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, in the literature, there is no study carried out bi-directional thermoelastic analysis of clamped-clamped rotating FGM thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessels under variable pressure in the longitudinal direction.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.377-389
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• 2024

In the present study, thermoelsatoplastic stresses and displacement for rotating hollow disks made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) has been investigated. The linear elastic-fully plastic condition is considered. The material properties except Poisson's ratio are assumed to vary in the radial direction as a power-law function. The heat conduction equation for the one-dimensional problem in cylindrical coordinates is used to obtain temperature distribution in the disk. The plastic model is based on the Tresca yield criterion and its associated flow rules under the assumption of perfectly plastic material behavior. Exact solutions of field equations for elastic and plastic deformations are obtained. It is shown that the elastoplastic response of the functionally graded (FG) disk is affected notably by the radial variation of material properties. It is also shown that, depending on material properties and disk dimensions, different modes of plastic deformation may occur.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제91권2호
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• pp.197-209
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• 2024

The vibration of elastically supported bidirectional functionally graded (BDFG) sandwich beams on an elastic foundation is investigated. The sandwich structure is composed of upper and lower layers of BDFG material and the core layer of isotropic material. Material properties of upper and lower layers are assumed to vary continuously along the length and thickness of the beam with a power-law function. Hamilton's principle is used to deduce the vibration equations of motion of the sandwich Timoshenko beam. Then, the partial differential equation of motion is spatially discretized into a time-varying ordinary differential equation in terms of Chebyshev differential matrices. The eigenvalue equation associated with the free vibration is formulated to study the influence of various slenderness ratios, material gradient indexes, thickness ratios, foundation and support spring constants on the vibration frequency of BDFG sandwich beams. The present method can provide researchers with deep insight into the impact of various geometric, material, foundation and support parameters on the vibration behavior of BDFG sandwich beam structures.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.729-743
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• 1989

스펙트럼 확산 통신은 협대역 간섭 및 임펄스성 잡음등에 강하고 비화성이 있는등 많은 장점이 있어 비동기 부호분할 다중접속을 실현하는데 많은 이점을 갖고 있다. 본 논문은 이들 장점을 이용하여 LAN을 구성하는데 전용선 및 전원선과 같은 전송로를 사용했을 때의 LAN구성을 시도하였다. 그러나 전원선은 제한된 대역 때문에 부호분할 다중을 만들기 어려우며 결국 원근문제나 타국간 간섭을 받게 된다. 이의 주원인은 부호분할 다중시 사용되는 의사 잡음 부호의 상호상관의 불량 때문이다. 이 타국간 간섭을 제거할 수 있는 한가지 방법을 제안한고 스펙트럼 확산 기술을 사용한 LAN을 구성하기 위한 성능을 평가한 것이다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.908-914
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• 2013

에너지 보존 법칙과 스넬(Snell)의 법칙 및 경로 길이에 의한 동위상의 조건으로부터 수정곡면 캐서그레인 안테나 반사판의 단면을 설계하였다. 원형 개구면에서 균일 개구면 위상을 갖도록 개구면의 수직 및 수평 급전분포 함수에 따른 동위상 조건을 만족하는 3차원 반사판 곡면의 프로파일을 구하였다. 직경 55 ${\lambda}_0$의 크기를 갖는 Ku 밴드용 수정 곡면 캐서그레인 안테나 반사판을 물리광학에 의한 시뮬레이션 결과, 36.4 dB, 33.9 dB의 부엽 레벨을 AZ 및 EL 방향에 대해서 각각 얻을 수 있었으며, 이전 안테나와 비교하여 10 %의 지향성 개선효과가 있었다.