• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2011

원자력발전소, 의료용 가속기 등 고선량 지역 및 능동형 열중성자 검출기를 사용하기 힘든 환경에서는 방사화 포일 기반 보너구 스펙트로메터를 사용하여 중성자 에너지 스펙트럼 측정을 수행한다. 중성자 방사화 포일을 보너구의 열중성자 검출기로 사용하는 경우, 중성자 방사화 포일의 위치 변동에 따른 보너구 반응도의 변화 및 중성자 방사화 포일의 질량과 반응도 사이의 상관관계 등 특성연구가 선행되어야만 한다. 본 연구에서는 MCNPX 모사계산을 통하여 중성자 방사화 포일 면에 수직입사하는 경우 중성자 방사화 포일의 위치 의존성이 크다는 사실과 중성자 방사화 포일의 질량과 반응도 사이에 선형관계가 없음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통하여 중성자 방사화 포일 기반 보너구의 반응함수 계산 방법 및 중성자 방사화 포일 위치 및 질량 차이에 따른 반응도 변화를 연구함으로써 중성자 방사화 포일 기반 보너구의 반응함수 결정방법을 확립하였다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 보너구 반응함수를 계산하여 추후 중성자 방사화 포일 기반 보너구 스펙트로메트리에 적용할 예정이다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2009

Biogenic surface films, which are often present in coastal areas, may enhance the signatures of hydrodynamic processes in microwave, optical, and infrared imagery. We analyzed ERS-1/2 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) images taken over the Japan/East Sea (JES). We focused on the appearance of the contrast SAR signatures, particularly the dark features of different scales caused by various oceanic and atmospheric phenomena. Spiral eddies of different scales were detected through surface film patterns both near the coast and in the open regions of the JES in warm and cold seasons. During field experiments carried out at the Pacific Oceanological Institute (POI) Marine Station 'Cape Shults' in Peter the Great Bay, the sea surface roughness characteristics were measured during the day and night using a developed polarization spectrophotometer and various digital cameras and systems of floats. The velocity of natural and artificial slicks was estimated using video and ADCP time series of tracers deployed on the sea surface. The slopes of gravity-capillary wave power spectra varied between .4 and .5. Surface currents in the natural and artificial slicks increased with the distance from the coast, varying between 4 and 40 cm/s. The contrast of biogenic and anthropogenic slicks detected on vertical and horizontal polarization images against the background varied over a wide range. SAR images and ancillary satellite and field data were processed and analyzed using specialized GIS for marine coastal areas.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2014

A wind-driven current in the East Sea from Lagrangian measurements of wind and current at 15 m using MiniMet drifters was analyzed. Spectral analysis of the current from 217 pieces of a 10 day-long time series shows the dominant energy at the inertial frequency for the current at 15 m. Wind has energy peaks at a 0.2-0.5 cycles per day (cpd) frequency band. The power spectrum of the clockwise rotating component is predominant for the current and was 1.5-2 times larger than the anticlockwise rotating component for wind. Co-spectra between the wind and current show two peak frequency bands at subinertial frequency and 0.5-0.3 cpd. Coherences between the wind and current at those peak frequencies are significant with 95% confidence and phase differences were $90-100^{\circ}$. From the phase differences, the efolding depth is estimated as 17 m and this e-folding depth is smaller than the estimation by Chereskin's (1999) 25 m using a moored Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler and an anemometer installed at the surface buoy. The angle between the wind-driven current (or ageostrophic current) and wind from this study was also much larger than the global estimate by Rio and Hernandez (2003) using reanalysis wind and drifters. The possible explanation for the discrepancy comes from the fact that the current is driven by a wind of smaller length scale than 250 km but the satellite or the reanalysis products do not resolve winds of length scale smaller than 250 km. Large rms differences between Mini-Met and QuickSCAT wind on spatial lags smaller than 175 km substantiate this explanation.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1327-1336
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• 2001

The structural modes driven by the low wave-number components of smooth elastic wall pressure provide a relatively weak coupling between the flow and the wall motion. If the elastic thin plate has any resonant mode whose wave-number of resonance coincides with $\omega$/U$\sub$c/, the power will be transmitted to those modes of vibration by the flows. We examine the problem in which the elastic thin plate is subject to pressure fluctuations under turbulent boundary layer. Measurements are presented of the frequency spectra of the near- and far-field pressures and radiated sound contributed by the various wave modes of the thin elastic plate. Dispersion equation for wave motions of elastic plate is used to investigate the effect of bending waves of relatively low wave number on radiated sound. The low wave-number motion of elastic plate is observed to have much less influence on the low-frequency energy of wall pressure fluctuations than that of the rediated sound. High amplitude events of the wall pressure are observed to weakly couple with high-frequency energy of radiated sound for case of low tension applied to the plate. The sound source localization is applied to the measurement of radiated sound by using acoustic mirror system.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2004

Objectives : Human physiological changes in the state of qigong has been measured using EEG(Electroencephalography), functional MRI(functional Magnetic Resonance Image), EAV(Electro-Acupuncture according to Voll) and SQUID(Superconducting Quantum Interference Device) measurements. Methods & Results : EEGs were measured to study the differences between Qigong masters and Qi receiver on the changes of EEG. During Qigong, an alpha waves were increased. The power spectra indicate that the peak frequency of alpha waves increased during Qigong. Qi receiver's EEG signals seemed to affected by the state of himself. Brain activation did not observed when qigong master concentrates the Qi at Laogong(P8). But a localization of fMRI signal in the sensory cortex was observed by electric acupuncture stimulation at Laogong(P8). Five phase deviation of EAV were clearly changed in the both cases of Qigong master and Qi receiver. When a Qigong master concentrates the Qi at Yintang, Laogong(P8), Qihai(CV6) meridian points during Qigong state, the change of magnetic field around acupoints Yintang, Laogong points has been measured using 40-Channel DROS-SQUID apparatus. After smoothing process of the continuously measured magnetic signal around acupoints for a few minutes, we could observe that a series of peaks, magnitude of -1.0~2.5pT appeared. But there was no significant difference in changes of magnetic signal around acupoints. Physical signals of magnetocardiogram has been measured by using 2-Channel DROS SQUID(Magnetocardiogram). Physical signals of magnetocardiogram were clealy changed at the ST segments after S-wave when qigong master concentrates the Qi.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.823-829
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• 1986

본 연구에서는 와동의 대류속도를 H.H. Brunn의 방법과 달리 측정하였으며, 또 이를 이용하여 와동의 중심들 사이의 간격을 구하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 포텐셜코어영역(potential core region)과 혼합층영역(mixing layer region)의 경계 및 천이영역(transition region)과 난류영역(turbulent region)경계를 구하여야 한다. 각 영역들의 대체적인 구분은 Fig.1과 같다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2008

산소분압비에 따른 ZnO 박막의 성장특성을 알아보기 위해 RF 스퍼터링 시스템을 이용하여 $0%{\sim}30%$의 산소분압비로 박막을 제작하였다. 위상변조방식의 분광타원계를 이용하여 $1.5{\sim}3.8eV$ 범위에 걸쳐 타원상수를 측정하였고, TL 분산관계식을 이용하여 최적맞춤한 결과 박막과 표면기칠기층의 두께, void 비율을 알 수 있었고, ZnO 알갱이의 크기는 산소분압비의 증가에 따라 그 크기가 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. 산소분압비에 따른 ZnO 박막의 밴드 갭은 산소유입량의 증가에 따라 증가하여 ZnO 박막의 광흡수 특성이 산소분압비에 크게 의존함을 알았고, 산소분압비의 증가는 결정의 불완전성을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 고온 고압반응을 통하여 4종의 전도성 고분자 poly[(N-butyl-phenothiazine)-sulfide] (PBPS), poly[(N-hexyl-phenothiazine)-sulfide] (PHPS), poly[(N-decyl-phenothiazine)-sulfide] (PDPS), poly[(N-(2-ethylhexyl)-phenothiazine)-sulfide] (PEHPS)를 합성하였다. 각 단계의 합성된 화합물의 구조는 $^1H-NMR$을 통하여 확인하였고, UV-Vis, cyclic voltammetry, GPC를 이용하여 합성된 고분자의 물성을 확인하였다. PBPS, PHPS, PDPS, PEHPS의 최대흡수파장은 각각 338, 341, 340, 334 nm이었으며, 각 고분자의 광학적 밴드 갭은 3.11, 3.13, 3.16, 3.05 eV이었다. 유기박막태양전지로서의 적용가능성을 확인하기 위해 합성된 고분자를 전자 받개 물질인 $PC_{71}BM$과 블렌딩하여 ITO/PEDOT : PSS/polymer (PBPS, PDPS) : $PC_{71}BM$ (1 : 3, w/w)/$BaF_2$/Ba/Al 구조의 소자를 제작하였고, solar simulator로 광전변환효율을 측정하였다. PBPS의 광전변환효율은 0.076%이었고, PDPS의 광전변환효율은 0.136%이었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.304-313
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• 2010

This study was undertaken to discover the effects and possible mechanisms of the effect of red ginseng extract (RGE) on spontaneous sleep. The effects of a low dose (10 mg/kg) and a high dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE were compared in rats. After recovery from a surgical operation enabling electroencephalograms recordings, rats were administered RGE orally. RGE was administered orally for 1 day or once per day for 5 days in either 10 or 200 mg/kg doses. Polygraphic signs were recorded for 12 h after oral administration of RGE. Both treatment with a large dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE for one day and treatment with either a large or a small dose for 5 days reduced the number of sleep.wake cycles. Daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days augmented NREM and total sleep, but reduced wakefulness. Delta wave activity recorded during non-REM (NREM) sleep and REM sleep was increased after one treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg). Delta wave activity during NREM was enhanced after daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days. Both alpha and beta subunits of the $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid $(GABA)_A$ receptor were significantly over-expressed in the hypothalamus of the RGE-treated groups. Moreover, the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase was also increased in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrate that RGE may regulate spontaneous sleep via $GABA_A$ergic systems.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2009

Conjugated PPV-derived block copolymers containing 2-ethylhexyloxynaphthalene unit were synthesized and characterized in this study. The resulting polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and showed good thermal stabilities, The weight-average molecular weights ($M_w$) of the copolymers ranged from 246,000 to 475,000 with PDIs of $1.3{\sim}2.1$. The optical properties of these polymers, measured both in a chloroform solution and on a film, showed a maximum absorption at $405{\sim}476\;nm$ for Copolymers $I{\sim}VIII$. In the PL spectra, Copolymers $I{\sim}VIII$ showed maximum peaks at $510{\sim}566\;nm$. The HOMOs, LUMOs and band gaps of the PPV derivatives of Copolymers $I{\sim}VIII$ were $5.30{\sim}5.77$, $3.04{\sim}3.24$, and $2.5{\sim}2.2\;eV$, respectively, The multi-layered, light-emitting diodes of ITO/PEDOT/copolymers/LiF/Al exhibited turn-on voltages of $6{\sim}2.5\;V$ Copolymer VIII exhibited the maximum brightness of $3.657\;cd/m^2$. Particularly, Copolymer VII, with an identical composition of MEH-PPV and naphthalene-PPV, showed a maximum luminance efficiency and power efficiency of 2,63 cd/A and 1.06 lm/W, respectively.