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http://dx.doi.org/10.5142/jgr.2010.34.4.304

Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABAAergic Systems  

Yang, Shu-Long (Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Nam, Sang-Yoon (Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Han, Jin-Yi (Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University)
Kim, Jun-Cheol (College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Lee, Ki-Nam (College of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University)
Hong, Jin-Tae (College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
Oh, Ki-Wan (College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University)
Eun, Jae-Soon (College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ginseng Research / v.34, no.4, 2010 , pp. 304-313 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was undertaken to discover the effects and possible mechanisms of the effect of red ginseng extract (RGE) on spontaneous sleep. The effects of a low dose (10 mg/kg) and a high dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE were compared in rats. After recovery from a surgical operation enabling electroencephalograms recordings, rats were administered RGE orally. RGE was administered orally for 1 day or once per day for 5 days in either 10 or 200 mg/kg doses. Polygraphic signs were recorded for 12 h after oral administration of RGE. Both treatment with a large dose (200 mg/kg) of RGE for one day and treatment with either a large or a small dose for 5 days reduced the number of sleep.wake cycles. Daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days augmented NREM and total sleep, but reduced wakefulness. Delta wave activity recorded during non-REM (NREM) sleep and REM sleep was increased after one treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg). Delta wave activity during NREM was enhanced after daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 mg/kg) for 5 days. Both alpha and beta subunits of the $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid $(GABA)_A$ receptor were significantly over-expressed in the hypothalamus of the RGE-treated groups. Moreover, the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase was also increased in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrate that RGE may regulate spontaneous sleep via $GABA_A$ergic systems.
Keywords
Red ginseng extract; Sleep architecture; Electroencephalography; $GABA_A$ receptors subunits; Hypothalamus;
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