• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.111-123
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of Sulgidduk prepared by adding the optimal amount of apple powder. Five different mixture ratios of apple powder to rice flour were prepared (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16%). After being stored for 3 days, the mixtures of apple powder and rice flour were measured to determine moisture content, color values, sensory qualities, and the mechanical texture characteristics of Sulgidduk. Moisture content of Sulgidduk with added apple powder ranged from 36% to 39% and but decreased with significantly with added apple powder. The L-color value decreased, whereas both the a-and b-values increased as apple powder was added. Thus, apple peel likely affected the Sulgidduk color value. The pH of Sulgidduk decreased with the addition of apple powder, whereas sugar level increased as apple powder was added. In the mechanical evaluation of apple Sulgidduk, hardness was significantly higher during the 3 days of storage with increasing amounts of added apple powder. Cohesiveness increased significantly during the storage period with the addition of apple powder,-; however, it began to decreased after 3 days. Springiness increased significantly with the addition of apple powder. Both adhesiveness and chewiness of Sulgidduk increased with added apple powder. Sensory quality characteristics such as color, taste, flavor, and moistness were improved with increasing amounts of added apple powder. However, the sensory quality of Sulgidduk decreased when the ratio of apple powder to rice flour was greater than 25%. Consequently, a mixture of 15~20% apple powder to rice flour was the best formula for improving Sulgidduk in terms of sensory quality.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2001

Rheological characteristics of Sm-Co type plastic magnet compound for powder injection molding process were investigated with the variation of the magnetic powder size, their relative contents and volume fraction using the mixture of fine and coarse powder. Shear viscosity of Sm-Co type compound was decreased with increasing the size of coarse powder due to the increase of powder packing density. However, the smaller the average size of fine powder resulted in the higher viscosity of compound due to the increase of agglomeration force. In case of mechanically milled Sm-Co type powder, the viscosity of compound with the mixture of coarse powder of 125∼75 ㎛ and fine powder of average size of 4.9 ㎛ greatly depends on their relative contents and shows a minimum value at the 60 % coarse powder fraction. This means that the compound shows a maximum packing density at the 60% coarse powder fraction. Compound viscosities satisfied well the rheological model with the volume fraction of magnetic powder, and maximum volume fraction of magnetic powder in Sm-Co type compound for powder injection molding was about 66%.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.314-318
• /
• 2001

SiC-TiC composites have been fabricated by using a mechanochemical processing of a mixture of Si, Ti, and C at room temperature and subsequent hot pressing. TiC powders have been obtained by the mechanochemical processing of a mixture of Ti and C whereas SiC powders has not been obtained from a mixture of Si and C. By using the exothermic reaction between Ti and C, SiC-TiC powder could be obtained from the mixture of Si, Ti, and C using the mechanochemical processing for more than 12h. The X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that the powder subjected to the mechanochemical processing consisted of the particles having crystallite size below 10nm. Fully densified SiC-TiC composites have been obtained by hot-pressing of the powder at 1850$\^{C}$ for 3h and it has shown comparable mechanical properties to those of the SiC-TiC composites prepared from the commercially available SiC and TiC powders. Flexural strength of 560 MPa and fracture toughness of 4.8 MP$.$am$\_$1/2/ have been shown for the SiC-TiC composites with composition corresponding to 0.75:0.25:1 mole ratio of Si:Ti:C.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.6-14
• /
• 2003

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the method decreasing debinding time as well as lowering operation condition than pure supercritical $CO_2$ debinding by using cosolvent or binary mixture of propane + $CO_2$. First method is to add cosolvent, such as n-hexane, DCM, methanol, 1-butanol, in supercritical $CO_2$. In case of adding cosolvent, we were found the addition of non-polar cosolvent (n-hexane) improves dramatically the binder removal rate (more than 2 times) compared with pure supercritical $CO_2$ debinding, second method is to use mixture of supercritical propane + $CO_2$, as solvent. In case of using mixture of supercritical propane + $CO_2$, the rate of debinding speeded up with increasing of pressure and concentration of propane at 348.15 K. It was found that addition of cosolvent (e.g., n-hexane, DCM) and binary mixture propane + $CO_2$ for supercritical solvent remarkably improved binder removal rate for the paraffin wax-based binder system, in comparison with using pure supercritical $CO_2$.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.131-144
• /
• 2015

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate anti-obesity effects of mixed-Powder(Raphani Semen, Coicis Semen, Poria, Plantaginis Testa & Theae folium)(HP) & mixed water extract(Citri Pericarpium, Crataegi Fructus, Maydis Stigma, Allium Skin) (HE) in mice fed a high-fat diet. Method : 50 Female ICR mice were divided into six groups; Normal group (Ve), high-fat diet group (Po), Po+HP(0.6g/kg) group(HP), Po+HE(1g/kg) group(HE), Po+(HP+HE) group(HPE), Po+(HP+HE)*2 group(DHPE). For 8 weeks, these groups were fed their respective diets. Body weight, liver weight and weights of adipose tissues, GOT/GPT index changes & Blood Glucose index changes were measured respectively. Lipid profiles in serum were analyzed by kit of blood. Results : Groups HP, HE, HPE, DHPE had significantly reduced body weight, liver weight, adipose tissue weights and GOT/GPT index, blood glucose index compared to the Po group. Also, serum triglyceride and total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, were significantly reduced when compared to the Po group. Group G1 had significantly increased high density lipoprotein levels. Conclusion : Mixed powder (HP) & mixed water extract (HE) show anti-obesity effects in mice fed a high-fat diet.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
• /
• v.5 no.1 s.14
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2002

This study reports the analysis of the pressure drop characteristics for the air-particle flow in powder transport piping system. The pressure drop characteristics of air-particle flow in piping system is not well understood due to the complexity of particles motion mechanism. Particles or powders suspended in air flow cause the increase of the pressure drop and affect directly the transportation efficiency. In this study, the pressure drop in powder transport piping system with straight and curved pipes is analyzed for the interactions of air flow and particle motion. The total pressure drop increases with increasing of the pipe length, the mixture ratio, and the friction factor of particles due to the increasing friction loss by air and particles in a coal piping system. For the coal powders of $74{\mu}m$ size and powder-to-air mass mixture ratio of 0.667, the total pressure drop by the consideration of powders and air flow is $30\%$ higher than that of air flow only.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.324-331
• /
• 2014

The dispersion characteristics of AlN-4.5 wt% $Y_2O_3$ powder mixture by various dispersants were investigated in ethanol and methyethly-ketone (MEK) solvents. In general, the cationic polymer dispersants demonstrated superior dispersion of the powder as compared to the non-ionic ester-type dispersants or anionic phosphate-ester-based ones. The dispersion performance of the cationic polymer dispersants was sensitive to the type of solvent. An anhydric maleic-acid-based graft copolymer dispersant, AFB-1521, demonstrated a very good dispersion capability in ethanol but exhibited a much inferior dispersion in MEK. On the other hand, the dispersion of the powder mixture was very good with a phosphate-ester-based block polymer dispersant, BYK-111, in MEK solvent, while dispersionwas much degraded in ethanol.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 1996

The effect of$H_{2}/N_{2}$gas sintering atmosphere on the carbon content and mechanical properties during the metal injection molding process of carbonyl iron-nickel powder was studied. The carbon content of the specimen after debinding in the pure$N_{2}$atmosphere appeared 0.78 wt%. After showing the maximum value of 1.48 wt.% in the debinding atmosphere of 10%$H_{2}/N_{2}$gas mixture, the carbon content of the debinded specimen decreased gradually with increasing the$H_2$content in the$H_{2}/N_{2}$gas mixture. The carbon contents of the sintered specimen were 0.46~0.63wt% in Na gas atmosphere, while they appeared extremely low above 40%$H_{2}/N_{2}$gas atmosphere. The relative sintered density increased abruptly from 88~90% to 93~96% with the addition of Ni, while the density nearly unchanged above 2% Ni addition. The sintered density increased with increasing the fraction of$H_{2} in H_{2}/N_{2}$gas mixture. Tensile strength and hardness increased, and elongation decreased with increasing carbon and Ni content. In spite of high carbon content of 0.63 wt%, the superior elongation value of 10% was shown.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.1128-1134
• /
• 1997

Lactobacillus helveticus was inoculated to the fermentation liquid containing skin milk powder(SMT) plus soymilk, SMP plus isolated soybean protein(ISP), SMP plus ISP plus whey powder(WP) to increase the nutritional and economic value of commercial soy yogurt. The yogurt fermented with soymilk and SMP showed the lower acid production than of SMP and had significant beany flavor in the product. The yogurt prepared with ISP and SMP showed the higher cell number and lower acid production than that of SMP. Also, the partial substitution of SMP with ISP over 6%(w/w) produced less acceptable product due to gel production. The yogurt prepared by the partial substitution of SMP with ISP, WP and SMP showed the higher cell number and lower acid production than that of SMP and not bring about gel formation unlike the case of ISP. Sensory properties of yogurt substituted SMP with ISP and WP(38:62 mixture) below 4% were not significantly different from that of SMP and the sample containing the mixture over 6% and 0.067% artificial flavor showed lower sensory score due to beany taste than that of SMP. But increase of yogurt flavor up to 0.1% resulted in significantly high score in organoleptic acceptability. The separation of water occured in yogurt prepared by the combined mixture of ISP, WP and SMP, and this problem could be resolved by addition of Na-alginate and PGA at the concentration of 0.1%(w/w).

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.664-667
• /
• 2000

Objective : Excessive bleeding from the exposed cancellous bone surface may cause serious problem such as hematoma formation, infection, transfusion reaction during operation and postoperative period. There are several kinds of bleeding control agent on the cancellous bone surface including bone wax, gelatin sponge ($Gelfoam^{(R)}$), oxidized cellulose($Oxycel^{(R)}$, $Surgicel^{(R)}$), thrombin, microfibrillar collagen($Avitene^{(R)}$) etc. In the past, bone wax was used to control bone bleeding but it is associated with increased infection rate and fusion failure. Recently, gelfoam paste has been used to control cancellous bone bleeding. We controlled the cancellous bone bleeding with the mixture of gelfoam powder and thrombin powder. Material and Methods : Seventeen patients of posterior fusion on the 4 motion segments of thoracolumbar spine were selected to compare the result of bone bleeding control. In the test group of 9 patients, the cancellous bone bleeding was controlled with the mixture of Gelfoam and thrombin powder during operation. In the control group of 8 cases, no chemical hemostatic agent was used to manage the bone bleeding during operation. We calculated the total amount of bleeding from cancellous bone surface during and after operation in the two groups and compared their statistic significance of the result which was judged by student t-test. Results : The average amount of intraoperative bleeding was 1825ml in control group, 811ml in test group(p<0.01). The amount of postoperative bleeding was 943ml in control group and 812ml in test group, there were no significant difference in the amount of bleeding during postoperative period between two groups(p>0.5). Total amount of blood was decreased in as much as 1150ml in test group(p<0.01). Conclusion : We concluded that the application of the mixture of thrombin and gelfoam powder on the cancellous bone surface is the effective control method of cancellous bone bleeding for multilevel posterior spinal fusion.