• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2002

소결 분위기가 금속입자분산 세라믹스기 복합체의 미세 조직 및 물성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하고자 화학적 방법으로 합성한 $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Ni 나노복합분말을 수소 및 아르곤 가스 분위기, 또한 소결온도 등으로 제어하여 열간가압 소결하였다. 수소분위기에서 소결한 복합체는 아르곤분위기의 경우보다 반응상 $FeAl_2O_4$의 형성이 억제되었으며, 증가된 파괴강도 및 인성 값을 나타내었다. 또한, 소결 온도를 낮추었을 경우 기지상 및 금속 분산상의 미세화와 향상된 기계적 성질을 얻을 수 있었다. 소결 조건에 따른 기계적 특성의 변화는 주로 반응상의 형성과 관련된 미세조직 특성에 의존하는 것으로 해석하였다.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2017

Cryogenic milling which is a combined process of low-temperature treatment and mechanical milling was applied to fabricate high critical current density $(J_c)MgB_2$ bulk superconductors. Liquid nitrogen was used as a coolant, and no solvent or lubricant was used. Spherical Mg ($6-12{\mu}m$, 99.9 % purity) and plate-like B powder (${\sim}1{\mu}m$, 97 % purity) were milled simultaneously for various time periods (0, 2, 4, 6 h) at a rotating speed of 500 rpm using $ZrO_2$ balls. The (Mg+2B) powders milled were pressed into pellets and heat-treated at $700^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in flowing argon. The use of cryomilled powders as raw materials promoted the formation reaction of superconducting $MgB_2$, reduced the grain size of $MgB_2$, and suppressed the formation of impurity MgO. The superconducting critical temperature ($T_c$) of $MgB_2$ was not influenced as the milling time (t) increased up to 6 h. Meanwhile, the critical current density ($J_c$) of $MgB_2$ increased significantly when t increased to 4 h. When t increased further to 6 h, however, $J_c$ decreased. The $J_c$ enhancement of $MgB_2$ by cryogenic milling is attributed to the formation of the fine grain $MgB_2$ and a suppression of the MgO formation.

• 공학논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.207-213
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• 1998

습식화학법의 단점을 극복하는 이상적인 분말을 제조하기 위해서는 용질분자가 용액내에서 활발하게 움직여서 분자단위의 혼합이 가능하고 용매는 낮은 점도를 가져 용질분자의 움직임에 도움을 주어야 하며, 얻어진 분말도 결정질이어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 조건을 동시에 만족시키는 분말제조방법으로 물질의 임계온도, 임계압력을 넘어 응축된 가스상태로 존재하는 초임계 유체를 이용하여 분말을 제조하였다. 용매인 에탄올이 초임계 유체상태에서 분해될 때 생성된 물로 titanium(IV) ethoxide를 가수분해시켜 이용도가 높은 광촉매용 $TiO_2$ 분말을 제조하였다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제39권8호
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• pp.769-774
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• 2002

금속 산화물 상태으 혼합분말을 수소 환원하여 $Al_2O_3$ 분말 표면에 20 nm 크기의 Fe-Ni 합금이 균일하게 분산된 복합분말을 합성하였다. 상압소결을 이용하여 제조한 $Al_2O_3$/Fe-Ni 나노복합재료는 전 소결 온도 범위에서 단지 $Al_2O_3$와 ${gamma}$-Fe-Ni 상만으로 구성되어 있었고, $1350^{\circ}C$ 이상의 소결 온도에서 98% 이상의 치밀화를 이루었다. 최대 파괴강도와 파괴인성은 각각 574 MPa과 3.9 MP$a{\cdot}m1/2$로서 동일한 소결 조건의 순수 $Al_2O_3$ 보다 약 20% 증가하였다. 나노복합재료는 강자성 거동을 보였으며 분산상의 평균 입자 크기가 감소함에 따라 증가된 보자력 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제45권7호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2008

Aerosol Deposition Method (ADM) is a novel technique to grow ceramic thick films with high density and nano-crystal structure at room temperature. $^{1,2)}$ For these unique advantages of ADM, it would be applied to the fabrication process of 3-D integration ceramic modules effectively. However, it is critical to control the properties of starting powders, because a film formation through ADM is achieved by impaction and consolidation of starting powders on the substrates. We fabricated alumina thick films by ADM for the application to integral substrates for RF modules. When the as-received alumina powders were used as a starting material without any treatments, it was observed that the dielectric properties of as-deposited alumina films, such as relative permittivity and loss tangent, showed high dependency on the frequency. In this study, some techniques of powder pre-treatments to improve the dielectric properties of alumina thick films will be shown and the effects of starting powders on the properties of AD films will be discussed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.665-670
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• 2016

Prevailing dissemination of machine tools and cutting technology have caused drastic developments of high speed dry machining with work materials of high hardness, and demands on the high-hardness-materials with high efficiency have become increasingly important in terms of productivity, cost reduction, as well as environment-friendly issue. Addition of Si to TiAlN has been known to form nano-composite coating with higher hardness of over 30 GPa and oxidation temperature over $1,000^{\circ}C$. However, it is not easy to add Si to TiAlN by using conventional PVD technologies. Therefore, Ti-Al-Si-N have been prepared by hybrid process of PVD with multiple target sources or PVD combined with PECVD of Si source gas. In this study, a single composite target of Ti-Al-Si was prepared by powder metallurgy of MA (mechanical alloying) and SPS (spark plasma sintering). Properties of he resulting alloying targets were examined. They revealed a microstructure with micro-sized grain of about $1{\sim}5{\mu}m$, and all the elements were distributed homogeneously in the alloying target. Hardness of the Ti-Al-Si-N target was about 1,127 Hv. Thin films of Ti-Al-Si-N were prepared by unbalanced magnetron sputtering method by using the home-made Ti-Al-Si alloying target. Composition of the resulting thin film of Ti-Al-Si-N was almost the same with that of the target. The thin film of Ti-Al-Si-N showed a hardness of 35 GPa and friction coefficient of 0.66.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.52-57
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• 1999

Funtional metal prototypes are often required in numerous industrial applications. These components are typically needed in the early stage of a project to determine form, fit and function. Recent R/P(Rapid Prototyping) part are made of soft materials such as plastics, wax, paper, these master models cannot be employed durable test in real harsh working environment. Parts by direct metal rapid tooling method, such as laser sintering, by now are hard to get net shape, pores of the green parts of powder casting method must be infiltrated to get proper strength as tool, and new type of 3D direct tooling system combining fabrication welding arc and cutting process is reported by song etc. But a system which can build directly 3D parts of high performance functional material as metal part would need long period of system development, massive investment and other serious obstacles, such as patent. In this paper, through the rapid tooling process as silicon rubber molding using R/P master model, and fabricate wax pattern in that silicon rubber mold using vacuum casting method, then we tranlsated the wax patterns to numerous metal prototypes by new investment casting process combined conventional investment casting with rapid pototyping & rapid tooling process. with this wax-injection-mold-free investment casting, we developed new investment casting process of fabricating numerous functional metal prototypes from one master model, combined 3-D CAD, R/P and conventional investment casting and tried to expect net shape measuring total dimension shrinkage from R/P part to metal part.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.602-606
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• 2015

Porous W with spherical and directionally aligned pores was fabricated by the combination of sacrificial fugitives and a freeze-drying process. Camphene slurries with powder mixtures of $WO_3$ and spherical PMMA of 20 vol% were frozen at $-25^{\circ}C$ and dried for the sublimation of the camphene. The green bodies were heat-treated at $400^{\circ}C$ for 2 h to decompose the PMMA; then, sintering was carried out at $1200^{\circ}C$ in a hydrogen atmosphere for 2 h. TGA and XRD analysis showed that the PMMA decomposed at about $400^{\circ}C$, and $WO_3$ was reduced to metallic W at $800^{\circ}C$ without any reaction phases. The sintered bodies with $WO_3$-PMMA contents of 15 and 20 vol% showed large pores with aligned direction and small pores in the internal walls of the large pores. The pore formation was discussed in terms of the solidication behavior of liquid camphene with solid particles. Spherical pores, formed by decomposition of PMMA, were observed in the sintered specimens. Also, microstructural observation revealed that struts between the small pores consisted of very fine particles with size of about 300 nm.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제41권7호
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• pp.560-566
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• 2004

다중 압출 공정을 이용하여 알루미나 연속다공질체를 제조하기 위해 기공형성제로서 탄소 분말을 사용하였으며 세라믹 분말의 성형을 용이하게 하기 위하여 에틸렌 비닐 아세테이트 고분자를 바인더로 사용하였다. 압출 횟수, 압출비 및 재료의 부피비를 제어함으로써 균일한 기공의 크기와 기공률을 용이하게 제어하였다. 제조된 소결체는 연속기공을 가질 뿐아니라 우수한 비표면적을 가졌으며, 기존의 공정에 의해 제조된 알루미나 다공질 재료보다 우수한 곡강도 값을 보였다. 생체 친화성 평가를 위해 인간의 뼈모세포인 MG-63 세포를 이용해 In-vitro 실험을 실시한 결과 기공의 아랫면, 윗면, 내부 및 외부에 세포가 잘 생착하여 네트워크 형태로 치밀하게 잘 성장하였다. 또한 이 재료를 이용하여 3차원 다공질체로 제조한 후 생체적합성을 평가하기 위해 쥐의 피하조직에 이식한 결과 어떠한 염증 소견이나 생체 거부반응이 없었으며 섬유조직으로 잘 둘러 쌓인 다공질체 주위로 새로운 모세혈관이 활발히 생성되었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.860-865
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• 2001

본 논문은 출발물로서 2mol% CdO가 치환된 $0.05Pb(Mn_{1/3}Sb_{2/3})O_3-0.95Pb(Zr_{0.52}Ti_{0.48})O_3$ 분말을 제조 후, 닥터 블레이드 방법으로 green sheet를 제조하기 위한 slurry의 최적 공정첨가제 조성에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 또한, 제조된 green sheet에 대하여 소결 특성과 두께 변환에 따른 유전 및 압전 특성을 관찰하였다. 공정첨가제의 첨가에 따른 점도거동을 통하여 slurry를 최적화하였고, TGA 분석으로 소결조건을 정하였으며, sheet의 특성에 미세구조와 XRD 등으로 측정하였다. 최적의 slurry는 고형분량 30vol%에 대해 분산제 3.0wt%에서 가장 안정화되었고, 이후 바인더/가소제(0.75/0.25) 3.0wt% 첨가시 점도는 7.55Pa${\cdot}$s이었다. Green sheet의 유전 및 압전 특성들은 각각 900$^{\circ}$C, 950$^{\circ}$C, 1000$^{\circ}$C로 소결온도를 증가함에 따라 다소 증가하였지만, 두께에 따른 특성들은 큰 변화가 관찰되지 않음을 확인하였다.