• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.159-164
• /
• 1987

The potential natural vegetation of Seonunsan area, southwestern Korea, was inferred from the actual vegetation. In previous two papers the plant communities of actual vegetation of the area is grouped into nine types; Quercus variabilis, Pinus densiflora, Carpinus tschonoskii, Quercus serrata, Camellia japonica (plantation), Quercus aliena, Pinus thunbergii, Zelkova serrata and Carpinus laxiflora forest. With the analysis of species richness, age structure and various informations on vegetation changes of the plant communities, two paths of late stage succession are suggested in climatic climax starting from Pinus densiflora forest in the area. One is through Quercus variabilis forest to Carpinus laxiflora forest in upper parts of the mountain and the other through Quercus aliena forest to Carpinus tschonoskii forest in lower parts of the mountain. With analysis of actual vegetation and the examination of informations including human activities in the area, the potential natural vegetation of the area was inferred. The potential natural vegetation of the area was mainly composed of Carpinus laxiflora, Carpinus tschonoskii, Pinus densiflora and Zelkova serrata forest. The actual vegetation map and potential natural vegetation map (scale, 1:25, 000) and other results from this study might be the useful data for the protection of natural vegetation and restoration of the current vegetation.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.439-450
• /
• 1997

The potential natural vegtation of the Pukhansan National Park area, mid-western Korea, was inferred from the actual vegetation. With the phytosociological classification and field surveys, the actual vegetation map of the park area was made on a scale of 1:25, 000, including fourteen communities. By the analyses of the species diversity, the age structure, the human interferences and various informations on vegetation changes, two pathways of late stage succession from Pinus densiflora forests to the climatic climax were suggested. One is from Quercus serrata forests to Q. mongolica forests throughout the mountain and the other, from Q. variabilis or Q. acutissima forests to Carpinus laxiflora forests in lower parts. Considering the vegetation changes, the potential natural vegetation of the park area mainly composed of Q. mongolica, C. laxiflora, P. densiflora and Zelkova serrata forest as the climatic and/or edaphic climax was inferred.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 1988

The potential natural vegetation of Naejangsan national park area, southwestern Korea, was inferred from the actual vegetation. With the phytosociological classification, ordinatins and field surveys, the actual vegetation map of the area was made in scale 1:25, 000, including ten communities of Pinus densiflora, quercus mongolica, Quercus variabilis, Carpinus laxiflora, Daphnipyllum macropodum, Carpinus tschonoskii, Quercus aliena-Carpinus tschonoskii, Cornus controversa-Lindera erythrocarpa, Torreya mucifera-Zelkova serrate and Acer mono-Zelkova serrata community. The analyses of species richness, age structure and various informations on vegetation changes suggest the three pathways of late stage succession from P. densiflora forest to climatic climax. The first of them is through Q. variabilis forest to Q. monogolica forest in the upper parts of the mountain, the second through Q. variabilis and Q. serrata forest to C. laxiflora forest in the middle parts and the third through Q. aliena forest to C. tschonoskii forest in lower parts. Considering the actual vegetation and informations on the vegetation changes including human activities, the potential natural vegetation of the mountain mainly composed of Q. monogolica, C. laxiflora, C. tschonoskii, P. densiflora and Z. serrata forest as climatic climax and/or edaphic climax was inferred. The present situration of nature conservation in the area was estimated by the examination on the actual vegetation and potential natural vegetation map.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.115-121
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 가야산국립공원을 대상으로 지리정보시스템(Geometric Information System, GIS)을 이용 식생분포에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석하여, 식생분포 확률을 기초로 가야산국립공원의 잠재자연식생을 추정하였다. 가야산국립공원의 현존식생조사 결과 128개의 군락이 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. 가야산국립공원의 고도, 경사, 사면방위, 지형지수, 연평균 온도, 온량지수, 잠재증발산량의 7개 요인을 중심으로 군락별 분포를 분석하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 분포확률을 추정하였다. 잠재자연식생의 분포확률이 0.3이상인 군락은 소나무군락의 출현확률이 55.80%로 가장 높았으며, 신갈나무군락이 44.05%, 상수리나무군락이 0.09%, 굴참나무군락이 0.06%로 나타났다. 식생의 분포에 영향을 주는 요인을 본 연구에서 제시한 요인으로 한정할 경우 가야산국립공원의 잠재자연식생은 신갈나무군락(43.1%)과 소나무군락(56.9%)이 나타날 것으로 예측되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 1996

The net primary productivity and potential natural vegetation in the Korean peninsula in the 21st century were estimated by the Miami model and thermal climate, respectively, based on 148 meteorological data sets. In the 21st century, the distribution range of the net primary produtivity in the Korean peninsula was estimated as 1,050 g $DM{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}yr^{-1}~2,050g\;DM\cdot m^-2\cdot yr^{-1}.\; These\; values\; increased\; by\; 200g\; DM\cdot m^{-2}\cdot yr^{-1}\;on\;northern\;part\;and\;400g\; DM\cdot m^{-2}\cdot yr^{-1}$ on southern part compared with that of the present century. The potential natural vegetation in the Korean peninsula in the 21st century will change into the followings:coniferous forest on Mt. Paektu area, deciduous broadleaf forest on northern part, and evergreen broadleaf forset on southern part.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.403-416
• /
• 1996

Global natural vegetation mapping (GNVM) system was developed for estimating potential forest area of the globe. With input of monthly mean temperature and monthly precipitation observed at weather stations, the system spherically interpolates them into 1°×1°grid points on a blobe, converts them into vegetation types, and produces a potential vegetation map and a potenital vegetation area. The spherical interpolation was based on negative exponential function fed from the constant radius stations with oval weighing method which is latitudinally elongated weighing in temperature and longitudinally elongated weighing in precipitation. The temperature values were corrected for altitude by applying a linear lapse-rate (0.65℃ / 100m) with reference to a built-in digital terrain map of the globe. The vegetation classification was based upon Koppen’s sKDICe. The potential forest area is estimated for 6.96 Gha (46.24％) of the global land area (15.05 Gha).

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.265-275
• /
• 2006

대구 인접지역 삼림식생에 대한 진행천이의 메카니즘과 잠재자연식생을 추정하였다. DCA 에 의한 요인 분석에서는 해발 고도 및 습도구배에 따라 각 군락의 특성이 결정되는 것으로 나타났으며, 토양의 수분 함량과 유기물 함량 및 전질 소량은 군락이 발달함에 따라 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 종관 연관분석에서는 2개의 종집단으로 크게 구분되었으며, 이들 두 집단의 유형을 결정하는 요인은 기온 및 토양의 수분 요인으로 판단되었다. 특히, 두 종집단은 천이의 진행에 따라 종조성이 달라지는 군락의 발달단계를 보여주는 것으로 보이며, 생활형 조성도 이를 뒷받침하였다. 입지요인 및 종조성에 따라 소나무 군락, 굴참나무군락, 상수리나무군락 및 떡갈나무군락은 졸참나무군락이나 신갈나무군락으로 각각 천이가 진행될 것으로 예측되었다. 본 조사지역의 잠재자연식생은 종조성, 토양환경 및 지형요인에 의하여 산지 중 상부의 신갈나무군락, 계곡부의 고로쇠나무-까치박달군락, 산지 중 하부는 졸참나무군락 의 3개 유형으로 구분되었다. 그리고 신갈나무군락과 고로쇠나무-까치박탈군락은 현존 식생이면서 잠재자연식생이며, 소나무군락은 현재의 종조성 및 해발 영역을 토대로 신갈나무군락과 졸참나무군락으로 각각 발달할 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제86권1호
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 1997

지구상의 잠재삼림면적을 추정하기 위한 일련의 단계로서, 적정한 식생도제작(Global Natural Vegetation Mapping, GNVM) 시스템을 선발하기 위해, Light Climatic Dataset(LCD)에 지형을 고려하지 않은 단순 시스템, LCD에 지형을 고려한 시스템, Heavy Climatic Dataset(HCD)에 지형을 고려한 시스템을 구축하고 상호 비교하였다. 3종류의 GNVM시스템은, 세계에서 관찰된 기후데이타를 구면보간법에 의해 지구면 전체의 $1^{\circ}{\times}1^{\circ}$의 격자점에 대하여 이것을 추정하고, 그 추정치로부터 식생을 구분하며, 구분의 결과를 가지고 잠재자연식생도의 출력 및 잠재자연식생의 면적을 산출한다. 3종류의 GNVM시스템을 비교한 결과, LCD에 지형을 고려한 GNVM 시스템이 잠재자연식생의 분포를 가장 잘 표현하였으며, 단순 시스템은 지형을 고려한 시스템들에 비해 온난한 지역을 과대평가하고 한랭지 및 사막지역을 과소평가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 한편, 측후소의 수에 따른 시스템간에 있어서는 HCD에 지형을 고려한 시스템이 측후소의 과밀분포로 인해 LCD에 지형을 고려한 시스템보다 습윤지역의 과대평가와 건조지역의 과소평가를 나타냈다.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.144-152
• /
• 2021

Sanankerto is one of pilot projects for tourism villages in Indonesia due to its natural tourism potential with a 24-ha bamboo forest located in Boon Pring Andeman area. However, the distribution of existing bamboo has never been identified or mapped. Thus, the mana gement is facing difficulty in planning and developing tourism potential as well as spatial management in the area. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the structure of bamboo vegetation in the Boon Pring Tourism village an d to perform vegetation mapping. The type of research was descriptive exploratory with a cluster sampling technique (i.e., a two-stage cluster) covering an area of ± 10 ha. Bamboo vegetation analysis was performed by calculating diversity index (H'), evenness index (E), and Species Richness index (R). Data were collected through observation and interviews with local people and the manager to determine zonation division. Mapping of bamboo vegetation based on zoning was processed into thematic maps using ArcG is 10.3. Micro climatic factors were measured with three replications for each sub -cluster. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Nine species of bamboo identified. Diversity, evenness, and species richness indices differed at each location. Activities of local communities, tourists, and manager determined the presence, number, and distribution of bamboo species. These bamboo distribution maps in three zoning (utilization, buffer, and core) can be used by manager for planning and developing natural tourism potential.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.96-112
• /
• 1998

This study aims to evaluate the potential of pro-environmental application(PEP) in streams conceptualized ecological conservation and recreational use to be in harmony with. The main content of research are to clarify the PEP, to establish the evaluation model, and to evaluate 3 streams(Dongchon, Seokhyunchon, Okchon) in Sunchon city. Researchers introduced 12 evaluation items(water quality, water quantity, vegetation-water area, vegetation conservation, streamscape, neighborhood landscape, stream width, optimum area, nearby landuse, facility in stream, distance from user, obstacle to acces) by 5 scales to evaluate the characteristics of natural and artificial factors in stream area and nearby area. Also to decide the weight of items, researchers surveyed the opinion of 22 landscape architects experienced stream-plan through delphi method. Lastly the pro-environmental potential on streams were calculated by the ecological potential and recreational potential indices to be standardized and indicidual sections in streams were divided 5 grades on the basis of PEP. The result of this study are as follows; 1) The evaluation model of PEP was constructed by 4 steps, such as the decision of weight, the measurement of scale, the calculation of potential indices, the gradation of individual sections in streams. 2) The ecological potential were highly influenced by natural factor such as water quality, vegetation conservation, vegetation-water area, but on the other hand the recreational potential were influenced by optimum area, distance from user, water quantity, obstacle to access. 3) The factors such as vegetation conservation, optimum area, nearby landuse, distance from user were function as discernment factors to evaluate relatively ecological and recreational potential. and water quality, water quantity, vegetation -water area, neighborhood landscape were acted as important items to decide PEP.