• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.45-60
• /
• 1986

The purpose of the present studies is to establish more rational and practical planning theory for trails of gradient. The results drawn from this research work are as follow ; Mean angle according to topography of Jiga road is $3^{\circ}$33'in low part, $8^{\circ}$17'in middle park and $12^{\circ}$48'in high part. Here, we can find that the highest gradient of Jige roacl is $12^{\circ}$48, Which is showing the fact that jigs road is the most function road when we compare other roads. The regression coefficient between potential model pattern and calculuted model pattern is 0.8 withinTEX>$ 0~<5^{\circ}$, 0.5 within$ 6~10^{\circ}$, and 0.53 within $11~16^{\circ}$. The linear of these model pattern is lower in R & L value, and lager in S & A value according to be steeping gradient. It is thought that these fact are closely related with between human fatigue and R.S.A.L value. Accordingly, when we plan the trails of the gradient in city park, the from of trails is right to mix straight line with curve line within $0~5^{\circ}$, and sine wave close curve line within $6~10 ^{\circ}$, $l1~16^{\circ}$. But, in fact, It is absurd that potential model pattern is applied to the city park in park of corner, widely road and facilities. Therefore, It is thought that the study of this problems will be proceeded in the future. I can reduce the following equation in relation R & S by gradient ; 22 log (R-6.0)=47.96-$\delta$

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.498-506
• /
• 2016

Electrochemical measurement using a LSCF6428 electrode was performed to estimate the oxygen potential gradient in the electrode layer and a long time stability test was performed by applied potential to learn the overpotential effect on the LSCF6428 electrode. By fitting the observed impedance spectra, it was obtained that the amount of faradic current decreased with distance from cathode/electrolyte interface. Oxygen potential gradient was estimated to occur within 1 um region from the cathode/electrolyte interface at an oxygen partial pressure of 10-1 bar. The segregation of cation rich phases in the LSCF6428 electrode suggests that kinetic decomposition took place. However, impedance response after applying the potential showed no changes in the electrode compared with before applying potential. The obtained results suggest that segregation of a secondary phase in a LSCF6428 cathode is not related to performance degradation for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.93-101
• /
• 2023

In this study, a deep learning algorithm was used to diagnose electric potential signals obtained through CIPS and DCVG, used indirect inspection methods to confirm the soundness of buried pipes. The deep learning algorithm consisted of CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) model for diagnosing the electric potential signal and Grad CAM(Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) for showing the flaw prediction point. The CNN model for diagnosing electric potential signals classifies input data as normal/abnormal according to the presence or absence of flaw in the buried pipe, and for abnormal data, Grad CAM generates a heat map that visualizes the flaw prediction part of the buried pipe. The CIPS/DCVG signal and piping layout obtained from the 3D finite element model were used as input data for learning the CNN. The trained CNN classified the normal/abnormal data with 93% accuracy, and the Grad-CAM predicted flaws point with an average error of 2m. As a result, it confirmed that the electric potential signal of buried pipe can be diagnosed using a CNN-based deep learning algorithm.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.108-115
• /
• 2003

목적 : MRI를 촬영하면서 동시에 측정한 뇌전도 신호에 가장 크게 영향을 미치는 것은 경사자계 유발 잡음이다. MRI와 동시에 측정한 뇌전도 신호에서 전류원 국지화를 수행할 때, 경사자계 유발 잡음이 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 사람의 머리와 유사하게 만든 뇌전도 팬텀과 MR compatible 뇌전도 측정시스템, 그리고 3.0 Tesla MRI 시스템을 실험에 사용하였다. 3.0 Tesla MRI 시스템 안에 전류원이 설치되어 있는 뇌전도 팬텀을 놓고, EPI 촬영을 하는 동안 뇌전도 신호를 측정하였다. 경사자계의 세기와 전류원의 위치를 조절하면서 뇌전도 신호 측정을 하였고, 측정된 뇌전도 신호에 대하여 전류원 국지화를 수행할 때 나타나는 국지화 오차를 평가하였다. 결과 : 경사자계 유발잡음에 의한 국지화 오차는 경사자계의 세기와 전류원의 위치에 따라 변화하는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한 경사자계 유발잡음이 Gaussian 잡음보다 전류원 국지화에 미치는 영향이 큰 것을 관찰하였으며, 경사자계 유발 잡음의 전력이 뇌전도 신호 전력의 $10\%$ 이하일 때는 전류원 국지화에 미치는 영향이 미미함을 관찰하였다. 결론 : 경사자계 유발 잡음 전력을 뇌전도 신호 전력의 $10\%$ 이하로 줄인다면 MRI를 하면서 동시에 측정한 뇌전도 신호로도 전류원 국지화를 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2023

이 논문에서는 타원 기둥에 대한 벡터 중력과 중력 변화율 텐서 반응식을 유도하였다. 임의의 3차원 이상체에 대한 벡터 중력은 이상체의 모양에 따른 3중 적분이 포함된 인력 포텐셜을 각 축 방향으로 미분하여 구한다. 축 대칭성을 가진 이상체에 의한 벡터 중력은 먼저 축방향으로 적분하여 2중 적분 형태로 축약한다. 켤레 복소수를 도입한 복소 그린 정리를 이용하면 2중 적분은 1차원 폐곡선 선적분 형태로 변환된다. 최종적으로 타원 기둥에 의한 벡터 중력은 타원 기둥 단면의 경계를 폐곡선의 매개변수로 설정하여 1차원 수치적분으로 유도된다. 같은 방식으로 타원 기둥에 의한 중력 변화율 텐서는 인력 퍼텐셜을 2차 미분하여 3중 적분으로 표현된 중력 변화율 텐서를 구한 후, 수직 축 방향으로 적분하여 2중 적분으로 축약한다. 벡터 중력에서 적용한 방법과 동일한 복소 평면에서의 그린 정리를 도입하여 타원 기둥에 의한 중력 변화율 텐서 반응식의 모든 성분을 유도한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제71권3호
• /
• pp.257-269
• /
• 2019

This paper develops a nonlocal strain gradient plate model for damping vibration analysis of smart magneto-electro-viscoelastic nanoplates resting on visco-Pasternak medium. For more accurate analysis of nanoplate, the proposed theory contains two scale parameters related to the nonlocal and strain gradient effects. Viscoelastic effect which is neglected in all previous papers on magneto-electro-viscoelastic nanoplates is considered based on Kelvin-Voigt model. Governing equations of a nonlocal strain gradient smart nanoplate on viscoelastic substrate are derived via Hamilton's principle. Galerkin's method is implemented to solve the governing equations. Effects of different factors such as viscoelasticity, nonlocal parameter, length scale parameter, applied voltage and magnetic potential on damping vibration characteristics of a nanoplate are studied.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.27-40
• /
• 2018

The governing equations of motion are derived for analysis of a sandwich microbeam in this paper. The sandwich microbeam is including an elastic micro-core and two piezoelectric micro-face-sheets. The microbeam is subjected to transverse loads and two-dimensional electric potential. Higher-order sinusoidal shear deformation beam theory is used for description of displacement field. To account size dependency in governing equations of motion, strain gradient theory is used to mention higher-order stress and strains. An analytical approach for simply-supported sandwich microbeam with short-circuited electric potential is proposed. The numerical results indicate that various types of parameters such as foundation and material length scales have significant effects on the free vibration responses and dynamic results. Investigation on the influence of material length scales indicates that increase of both dimensionless material length scale parameters leads to significant changes of vibration and dynamic responses of microbeam.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.54-60
• /
• 2021

Monte-Carlo GO is a computer GO program that is sufficiently competent without using knowledge expressions of IGO. Although it is computationally intensive, the computational complexity can be reduced by properly pruning the IGO game tree. Here, I achieve this by using a potential model based on the knowledge expressions of IGO. The potential model treats GO stones as potentials. A specific potential distribution on the GO board results from a unique arrangement of stones on the board. Pruning using the potential model categorizes legal moves into effective and ineffective moves in accordance with the potential threshold. Here, certain pruning strategies based on potentials and potential gradients are experimentally evaluated. For different-sized boards, including an official-sized board, the effects of pruning strategies are evaluated in terms of their robustness. I successfully demonstrate pruning using a potential model to reduce the computational complexity of GO as well as the robustness of this effect across different-sized boards.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
• /
• pp.243-246
• /
• 2002

Surfactant-enhanced electrokinetic remediation is an emerging technology that can effectively remove hydrocarbons from low-permeability soils. In this study, the electrokinetic remediation using APG(alkyl polyglucoside) was conducted for the removal of phenanthrene from kaolinite. APG, which was an environmentally compatible and non-toxic surfactant, was used at concentrations of 5, 15, and 30g/1 to enhance the solubility of phenanthrene. Also an electrolyte solution was used for considering a relation between electrical potential gradient and removal efficiency of phenanthrene. When the electrolyte solution was used, it represented low electrical potential gradient, but the removal efficiency was lower than that of no electrolyte system. Removal efficiency of phenanthrene in EK process using surfactant solution depended on concentration of surfactant. Because surfactant increased the solubility and the mobility of phenanthrene, when surfactant concentration was high, high removal efficiency was observed.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.99-109
• /
• 2003

Attitude control law synthesis for the three-axis attitude maneuver of a flexible spacecraft model is presented in this study. The basic idea is motivated by previous works for the extension into a more general case. The new case includes gravitational gradient torque which has significant effect on a wide range of low earth orbit missions. As the first step, the fully nonlinear dynamic equations of motion are derived including gravitational gradient. The control law design based upon the Lyapunov approach is attempted. The Lyapunov function consists of a weighted combination of system kinetic and potential energy. Then, a set of stabilizing control law is derived from the basic Lyapunov stability theory. The new control law is therefore in a general form partially validating the previous work in some sense.