• 제목/요약/키워드: potassium salts

검색결과 108건 처리시간 0.024초

고분자(高分子) 계면활성제(界面活性劑)에 관한 연구(硏究) (제(第) 3 보(報));알릴에스테르 ${\alpha}$-술폰 지방산(脂肪酸) 고분자(高分子) 화합물(化合物)의 합성(合成) (Studies on the Polymeric Surfactants (III);Synthesis of Sodium ${\alpha}-Sulfo$ Fatty Acid Allyl Ester Oligomers)

  • 남기대;정노희;노승호
    • 한국응용과학기술학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 1989
  • Allyl aliphatic carboxylates were synthesized by azotropic reaction with benzene between allyl alcohol and capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid or stearic acid respectively. allyl aliphatic carboxylates oligomers were prepared from polymerization giving allyl aliphatic carvboxylates in the presence of potassium persulfate in methanol, and the ${\alpha}-sulfonation$ of these five allyl aliphatic carboxylates oligomers were carried by direct addition of dry sulfur trioxide. Especially, molecular weights of fatty acid alylester oligomers and their sodium salts of ${\alpha}-sulfo$ fatty acid allylester oligomers were measured by boiling point method.

An Efficient Preparation of 4-Nitrosoaniline from the Reaction of Nitrobenzene with Alkali Metal Ureates

  • Park, Jaebum;Kim, Hyung Jin
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제60권4호
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    • pp.251-256
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    • 2016
  • This paper describes the synthesis of alkali metal salts of urea (ureates) and their application to the direct preparation of 4-nitrosoaniline from nitrobenzene via nucleophilic aromatic substitution of hydrogen. Sodium and potassium ureates were readily prepared from the reaction of urea with sodium hydride, metal methoxides, and metal hydroxides. The effect of ureates as nucleophiles on the conversion of nitrobenzene to 4-nitrosoaniline was investigated and compared with that of a urea-metal hydroxide mixture. It was found that the ureates were superior for producing 4-nitrosoaniline owing to their higher thermal stability of the ureate. The ureate obtained from the treatment of urea with sodium hydride gave the highest yield for the preparation of 4-nitrosoaniline. The ureates generated from the reaction of urea with metal hydroxide also gave high yields of 4-nitrosoaniline. Catalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitrosoaniline afforded polymer-grade 1,4-benzenediamine in quantitative yield.

Synthesis of Water-Soluble Methoxyethoxy-Aminoarlyoxy Cosubstituted Polyphosphazenes as Carrier Molecules for Bioactive Agents

  • 권석기
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제21권10호
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    • pp.1039-1040
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    • 2000
  • The water-soluble poly(methoxyethoxy-aminoarlyoxy phosphazene) has been synthesized and investigated as a polymeric carrier molecule for the covalent attachment of bioactive agents. The synthetic procedures were developed first through the use of cyclic trimeric model systems. These model systems were utilized for the synthesis of polymeric analogues containing bioactive side groups. The sodium salts of 2-methoxyethanol and 4-acetamidophenol were allowed to react with $(NPCl_2)_3$ or $(NPCl_2)n$ or to yield derivatives of type $[NP-(OCl_2CH_2CH_2OCH_3){\chi}(OArNHCOCH_3)y]_3or$ n. The 4-acetamido groups were then hydrolyzed to 4-amino-phenoxy units with potassium tert-butoxide. Coupling reactions between amino group and N-acetylglycine was accomplished with the use of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. Their properties and structural characterization are discussed.

Synthesis of New Anthracycline Derivatives Including Butyric or Retinoic Acid Moiety.

  • ;김완중;박시호;유동진;강흔수;정순량
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.581-586
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    • 2001
  • The potential anticancer agents, new anthracycline analogues (2-9) have been synthesized from the glycosides daunomycin (1a) and doxorubicin (1b). Compounds 2 and 6 were prepared by nucleophilic displacement esterification of a 14-bromodauomycin(1c) with sodium or potassium salts of butyric and all trans retinoic acid, respectively. Compounds 3 and 7 were obtained from daunomycin (1a) by direct amidation with a butyric and all trans retinoic acid in the presence of EDCI and PP, respectively. Compounds 4 and 8 were obtained from doxorubicin (1b) by reaction with the corresponding acids in the same manner. Compounds 5 and 9 were prepared from doxorubicin (1b) by acylation with two equivalents of the corresponding acids under the same reaction conditions.

The Preliminary Study on the Structure of Cop Protein by CD and NMR

  • Kim, Yun-Kyong;Park, Sang-Ho;Lee, Jee-Hyun;Kwak, Jin-Hwan;Lee, Bong-Jin
    • 한국자기공명학회논문지
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.100-108
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    • 1999
  • Cop protein is the transcription repressor protein in rolling circle replication plasmid. With antisense RNA, Cop protein controls the copy number of plasmid. Cop family proteins have been found in various plasmids. Among Cop family proteins, Cop studied in this paper consists of 55 amino acids (Mw. 6,400), and was known to have trimer structure. Since no structural facts are elucidated, we have carried out preliminary experiments aimed at the elucidation of its three dimensional structure. The secondary structure of Cop is studied by CD and NMR. To solve the aggregation of Cop at high concentration, we tested various detergents and salts. The addition of detergents and salts could not solve the aggregation problem. However, we found that concentration is important in solving the aggregation problem. We knew that 0.18mM in 50mM potassium phosphate without any other ingredients is maximum concentration not to aggregate. Wa also investigated the pH dependence of Cop protein, and knew that Cop protein is more stable in acid state. At various temperatures, 15N-1H HSQC spectra were measured in order to find the optimal experimental condition. To enhance the peak resolution, 3D NOESY-HSQC spectrum is acquired. Since there are NOE peaks in the NH-NH region, we knew that Cop protein has $\alpha$-helical content, which was also confirmed by CD.

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황에 저항성을 가지는 수성가스 전환반응 촉매의 연구 II. CoMo 촉매의 활성에 미치는 알칼리 금속염의 영향 (A Study on the Sulfur-Resistant Catalysts for Water Gas Shift Reaction II. Effect of Alkali Metal Salt on the Activity of CoMo Catalyst)

  • 김준희;이호인
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제42권6호
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    • pp.696-702
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    • 1998
  • 황피독에 저항성을 가지는 수성가스 전환반응용 CoMo 계열 촉매에 알칼리금속염 첨가가 반응활성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 알칼리금속염의 음이온과 양이온의 각각에 대한 영향을 알아보기 위하여 크게 두 경우로 나누어 촉매를 제조하였다. 그 하나는, 양이온을 K로 고정시키고 음이온을 변형시킨 경우로서, 반응활성의 변화는 BET 표면적의 변화로 설명되었다. 다른 한 경우는, 음이온을 $NO_3^-$로 고정시키고 알칼리금속 이온을 변형시킨 경우로서, Li가 첨가된 촉매의 활성이 가장 뛰어났으며 다른 양이온의 경우에는 서로 비슷한 낮은 활성을 보였다. 알칼리금속의 첨가량의 변화에 따른 BET 표면적의 변화와 반응활성의 변화가 같은 경향을 보였다. 알칼리금속염의 양이온을 변화시킨 경우에는 BET 표면적과 정8면체 배위구조 속의 $Mo^{6+}$에 대한 정4면체 배위구조 속의 $Mo^{6+}$의 비, 즉 $Mo^6+[T]/Mo^{6+}[O]$ 값의 복합적인 관계를 통해 반응활성의 변화를 설명할 수 있었다.

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습식분해 및 직접용해법에 따른 천일염 중 무기성분 함량 비교 (Comparison of the Mineral Contents of Sun-dried Salt Depending on Wet Digestion and Dissolution)

  • 김영섭;제정환;이연희;김진효;조영숙;김소영
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.993-997
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    • 2011
  • 12종 천일염 시료의 성분 분석을 비교한 결과, 식염함량은 국내산 장판염이 85.1%, 국내산 토판염이 89.3%, 수입산 천일염이 91.3%로 나타났다. 국내산 장판염의 불용성분은 0.05%로 가장 낮게 나타났으며 수분함량은 6.4%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 국내산 장판염의 Na 함량은 수입산에 비해 다소 낮게 나타난 반면 Mg, K 함량은 세계적으로 유명한 프랑스 게랑드 소금에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 따라서 우리는 인체에 꼭 필요한 무기질을 다량 함유하고 있는 소금을 섭취함에 있어, Na 함량이 적고 Mg, K 등 무기성분이 높게 함유된 국내산 천일염을 통한 소금 섭취를 권장하는 바이다. 습식분해 및 직접용해법에 의한 Na와 Mg의 무기성분 조성비(%)는 수입산과 토판염의 경우 두 가지 방법 모두 89 : 1로 동일한 비율을 보였고, 장판염에서는 82 : 3 대 81 : 3로 유사한 조성 비율을 나타내어 천일염시료 분석에 있어 습식분해와 직접용해법 간에 차이가 그다지 크지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구결과를 토대로 습식분해법에 비해 복잡한 전처리를 거치고 않고 직접용해로 천일염의 무기성분분석을 실시하여도 정확한 수치를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Radiation Grafting of Hydrophilic Monomers onto Polyester

  • Park, Jae-Ho;Lee, Chong-Kwang;Lee, Kwang-Jin
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.103-114
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    • 1973
  • 본 실험은 방사선을 이용하여 Polyester 직포의 흡수성과 염색성 그리고 대전성을 증진시키기 위한 연구로서 실온하에서 함침법으로 Acrylic acid또는 4-vinylpyridine을 Polyester 직포에 접목시켰다. Polyester 직포를 25$^{\circ}$또는 7$0^{\circ}C$에서 Acrylic acid나 Acrylic acid와 4-vinylpyridine의 emulsion 용액에 함침시켰으며 함침된 Polyester 직포를 질소깨스 존재 하에서 Co-60의 l-rays로 조사시켰다. Acrylic acid가 접목된 Polyester 직포를 Sodium carbonate, Calcium acetate 또는 Potassium persulfate로 처리하였을 때 흡수율은 더욱 증가하였으며 직포 표면에 형성된 polyacrylic acid 는 0.1% NaoH 용액으로 대부분 추출되었다. 4-vinylpyridine과 Acrylic acid의 혼합용액을 함침용액으로 사용하였을 경우 4-VP/AA의 비율과 방사선 선량이 커짐에 따라 접목율은 점점 증가함을 보여주었다. 여러가지로 처리된 Polyester 직포 표면에 물방울을 떨어 뜨렸을 때의 Contact angle을 측정하여 보니 접목율이 증가함에 따라 대전성은 감소하였다. Acryli acid가 접목된 Polyester 섬유를 Salt로 처리하여 전자 현미경으로 관찰하여 본 결과 일련의 무정형 형태로 결합되어 있었다.

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Theoretical Effects of Altered Biological and Chemical Properties on Salinity Tolerance of Acacia seeds

  • S. Rehman;P.J.C. Harris;Kou, Chei-Wei;Rha, Eui-Shik
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 제10차 국제학술회의 및 추계정기 학술발표회
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    • pp.43-43
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    • 2003
  • Multiple regression equations (Rehman et al. 2000) have been developed to predict the salinity tolerance of Acacia seeds, expressed as the I$\sub$50/ (the concentration of NaCl required to reduce final germination to 50% of the control value in DW). Accurate predictions can be made using one or more chemical and biological seed parameters. In this study the theoretical effect of varying final germination percentage in distilled water, germination rate in distilled water. (Rate), Ca$\^$2+/ or K$\^$+/ contents and their ratios, as independent factors or related factors, on the predicted salinity tolerance (I$\sub$50/) of Acacia species was investigated. Simulation of the effects of changing final germination, rate, calcium and potassium suggest the possibility of practical application of these results to modify the salinity tolerance of seeds. The predicted I$\sub$50/ increased with increasing final germination. Similarly, the higher the rate of germination, the higher the predicted salt tolerance of Acacia species. The Ca$\^$2+/ content of seeds was found to be positively correlated with I$\sub$50/. Species with higher Ca$\^$2+/ contents had a higher I$\sub$50/. This suggests that I$\sub$50/ might be increased by increasing the Ca$\^$2+/ contents of seeds by pretreatment with calcium salts or by supplying these to the mother plants.

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Comparison of Common Enrichment Methods for Recovery of Yersinia Enterocolitica from Artificially Inoculated Swine Feed Samples

  • Kim, Joo-Sung;Draughon, F.A.
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.320-324
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    • 2010
  • 돼지사료에 있는 여시니아균의 효율적인 검출을 위해서 다섯 종류의 증식 방법들이 비교 연구되었다. Yersinia enterocolitica GER-C(혈청형 O:3) 가 1000CFU/g 사료 수준으로 들어 있을 때에 $4^{\circ}C$에서의 인산완충용액과 $4^{\circ}C$ 혹은 $21^{\circ}C$에서의 솔비톨과 담즙산염을 함유한 인산완충용액은 효과적이지 못했다. 하지만, irgasan-ticarcillin-potassium chlorate (ITC) 방법과 polymyxin과 novobiocin을 함유한 tryptic soy broth(TSBPN) 방법은 100-1000 CFU/g 사료 수준에서 탁월한 증식효과틀 보였다. ITC와 TSBPN 방법은 10 CFU/g 사료 수준에서도 종식 및 검출 효과가 있었다. Y. enterocolitica ATCC 9610 (혈청형 O:8)을 연구한 결과, 1000 CFU/g 사료 수준에서 TSBPN 증식방볍이 가장 효과적이었으며, 100 CFU/g 사료 수준에서도 증식 및 검출 되었지만, 10 CFU/g 사료 수준에서는 검출되지 않았다. 검출의 민감도와 상대적으로 간단한 조성방법 면에서 볼 때, TSBPN이 돼지사료에서 Y. enterocolitica를 증식, 검출하는데 있어서 가장 효과적인 방법이었다.