• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2011

Deep coloration of cotton fabrics with concentrated Rhus verniciflua extract was carried out using large amount of Glauber's salt and a mordant in order to improve dyeability and functional properties such as deodorizing and antimicrobial activity. With increasing in the salt addition upto 80% in the dyeing liquor containing 0.45% extract concentration, K/S value and exhaustion increased threefold from 1.2 to 3.5, indicating that the salt reduced the electrostatic repulsion between the dyes and the cotton fibers. Also the concentrated extract solution to 8% can increase the color build up upto a K/S of 11.1. In addition the combined pre- and post-mordanting methods with potassium alum enhanced the dyeability upto a K/S of 22.2. The ammonia deodorizing property increased with increased color yield of the dyed fabrics. Also the dyed and post-mordanted fabrics with 8% extract concentration showed antimicrobial activity against both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.157-166
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• 2022

In the case of a die-casting process, defects that are difficult to confirm by visual inspection, such as shrinkage bubbles, may occur due to an error in maintaining a vacuum state. Since these casting defects are discovered during post-processing operations such as heat treatment or finishing work, they cannot be taken in advance at the casting time, which can cause a large number of defects. In this study, we propose an approach that can predict the occurrence of casting defects by defect type using machine learning technology based on casting parameter data collected from equipment in the die casting process in real time. Die-casting parameter data can basically be collected through the casting equipment controller. In order to perform classification analysis for predicting defects by defect type, labeling of casting parameters must be performed. In this study, first, the defective data set is separated by performing the primary clustering based on the total defect rate obtained during the post-processing. Second, the secondary cluster analysis is performed using the defect rate by type for the separated defect data set, and the labeling task is performed by defect type using the cluster analysis result. Finally, a classification learning model is created by collecting the entire labeled data set, and a real-time monitoring system for defect prediction using LabView and Python was implemented. When a defect is predicted, notification is performed so that the operator can cope with it, such as displaying on the monitoring screen and alarm notification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.19-20
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• 2023

The pre-qualification system related to floor impact noise is considered ineffective, and thus, the introduction of a post-verification system is being prepared. This is because the performance, which was notarized in the qualification test due to various reasons, was not uniformly confirmed on building construction fields. Industry practitioners perceive that this is due to the influence of factors such as the flatness, levelness and/or thickness of the floor. However, it is very difficult to confirm such facts in a short period of time on the fields, and since the practical application of technology to measure and evaluate quantitatively and the establishment of a system are insufficient, it cannot be said to be a problem that can be brought to the surface. In fact, even when considering the conventional measurement of the dynamic modulus of elasticity, measurements are performed under controlled variables, such as placing a 200mm×200mm buffer material on a flat test-floor. However, in the fields, it is common to lay down larger productions(for example, 900mm×600mm) on the bare floor where significant variables are not controlled, and to construct finishing layers corresponding to the pre-qualified floor system without separately confirming the realization of the dynamic modulus of elasticity in the field conditions. In this study, spatial information of the bare floor on the field was measured and evaluated through a laser scanner. Technical methods for assessing the smoothness, flatness, and thickness of construction surfaces were reviewed, providing key insights for grading the quality of construction based on these criteria. Through further detailed and thorough investigations, it is expected that results suitable for practical application and systematization will be derived.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.565-574
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Dan Jeon Breathing Model and to identify effects of the developed Dan Jeon Breathing Model for maintenance and promotion of health and improvement of health problems in middle-aged women. Method: This study was constructed with two procedures. The first procedure was to develop appropriate movements for middle-aged women, performing a focus group discussion and developing a Dan Jeon Breathing Model in qualitative research. The collected data from focus group discussions was categorized for fitting movements. The second procedure was to verify and conclude a Hypothetic Dan Jeon Breathing Model through a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Result: The developed Dan Jeon Breathing Model was composed of 28 preparation movements to accept Ki comfortably, 10 breathing movements to accumulate Ki for activation of metabolic function in organs and 14 finishing movements to transmit activated Ki to organs. It took 40 minutes to do them. In the Second procedure, the score of physical health (t=4.205, p=.000), psycho-social health(t=3.292, p=.002) and physical strength of the experimental group(t=5.905, p=.000) was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion: The Dan Jeon Breathing Model developed in this study is the correct health promotion model for middle-aged women, their demand, developmental traits and health problems.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.44-52
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• 2002

Recently there has been a growing interest in the use of natural dyes in textile applications. Natural dyes can exhibit better biodegradability and generally have a higher compatibility with the environment. In this study, the colorants of Catalpa ovata bark were extracted with water and analyzed by spectrophotometry for their main colorant species. Cotton, silk and wool fabrics have been dyed with aqueous extract of Catalpa ovata bark and their dyeabilities on the fibers were studied. Additionally the fastness to washing, drycleaning and light, and the effects on bacteriostatic rate and UV-B protection rate were also investigated. The major colorant of the extract of Catalpa ovata bark was shown to be 6-O-trans-caffeoyl-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside. Cotton, silk and wool fabrics dyed with the extract of Catnip ovata bark were colored in yellowish red tint. The optimum dyeing condition of the colorants extracted from Catalp ovata bark was three repeated dyeing at $95^\circ{C}$ for 1 hr using post mordanting. For dyed silk and wool fabric, the fastness to washing were improved by mordanting, and the fastness to drycleaning were very outstanding. In case of wool fabric dyed with the extract of Catalpa ovata bark, the bacteriostatic rate was increased drastically by 98.0%, and UV-B protection rate was increased by 97.3%.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.290-298
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• 2016

In this study, the efficacy of water lily(Nymphaea tetragona) leaves as a new natural dye resource was investigated. For this purpose, the colorants from water lily leaves were extracted in methanol, evaporated, and powdered. Dyeing onto cotton fiber was carried out to study the effects of dyeing conditions, mordant type and mordanting method on dye uptake, color change, and colorfastness. FTIR analysis supported that hydrolyzable tannins and chrolophyll were contained in the extracted colorants. The colorants showed good affinity to cotton fiber showing Y Munsell color. Pre-mordanting method gave better results in terms of dye uptake than post-mordanting method. By mordanting, dyed fabrics exhibited various colors such as green, khaki, brownish yellow, dark brown, dark gray and so on. Colorfastness to washing and rubbing was relatively good showing 4-5 rating. The light fastness was improved 1-2 rating by Fe mordanting. The dyed cotton fabric showed antimicrobial activity.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 2020

In this study, the efficacy of Amaranth(Amaranthus spp. L.) as a natural dye resource was investigated for wool fabrics. It is known that a large amount of flavonoid and anthocyanin colorant are contained in leaves and stems, as well as red flowers. The optimum condition of dyeing was 1.3% of dye concentration(o.w.b.) at 100℃ for 60 minutes, resulting the K/S value, 23.43 and R Munsell color on the wool fabrics. Al, Fe, Zinc and Titanium were used as a mordant. The mordant improved the dye uptake, regardless of the mordant type and mordant method. The pre-mordanting method was more effective than the post-mordanting method. Al pre-mordanted fabric showed the highest K/S, 30.02. Light fastness and washing fastness were high in grades 4-5 and 5, and rubbing fastness was good in grades 4 and 4-5 in dry condition, but low in grades 2-3 and 3 in wet condition. The dry cleaning fastness was excellent in all 5 grades. However, the alkaline perspiration fastness ratings were low in grades 2-3 and 3. The results show Amaranthus spp. L. colorant can be used as a functional natural dye for wool fabrics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 1997

Plasma techniques permit modification of the surface layers of the substrate while maintaining its bulk properties. The use of plasma treatment on textile fibers and fabrics is very limited, however, the limitations, plasma treatments have been used to modify surface properties of textiles. In this study, multifunctional finish was performed by corona discharge technique for surface functionalization. Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis(ESCA) was used to determine the ratios of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphor at a 20$\AA$ sampling depth. K/S value and limiting oxygen index(LOI) value were used to obtain information on the effect of the finished fabrics. The mechanism of the flame retardancy was analyzed by the thermogravimetry-and the residue number. In ESCA, relative N1s intensity increased in case of mixtrure. The flame retardancy of the polyester and polyester/cotton fabrics treated with JA-6034 and JA-6050 was found to be operative mainly in the condensed phase mechanism. The multifunctional finish was better effect for the post treated finish agent.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

The dyeings of cotton and silk fabric with Laurus tree extracts were investigated. The colorant was extracted with distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for lh. Dyeability(K/S), color fastness and antibacterial property of cotton and silk fabric were tested under conditions of various time, temperature, concentration, repeat-number of dyeing and mordants. The characteristics of dyeings Laurus extracts were figured out by K/S and CIELab values and color-fastness test was estimated in terms of wash fastness and light fastness. The maximum wavelength of spectrum was 670nm. The K/S value of cotton and silk fabric increased with increasing dyeing time and the exhaustion was saturated in 90min. Optical dyeing temperatures of cotton and silk fabrics were $60^{\circ}C$ and $80^{\circ}C$, respectively. The mordant effect on cotton fabric was achieved using Fe mordant. On the other hand, the mordant effect on silk fabric was obtained using Fe and Cu mordants. The wash fastness of cotton fabric was higher than that of silk fabric. Antibacterial property of silk dyeing was greater than that of cotton dyeing. In addition, the excellent antibacterial effect was imparted by Fe-post mordant method.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2018

This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of eco-friendly leather dyeing by utilizing food wastes. Natural dyeing of eel skin was attempted using onion peels which have been used commonly for natural dyeing of textile fabrics. Eel skin is a by-product from fishery processing and is used mainly for making leather products. The colorant was extracted from onion peels in boiling water, concentrated, and freeze-dried. Dyeing of eel skin was carried out to study the effects of dyeing conditions, mordant type and mordanting method on dye uptake, color change, drape stiffness and colorfastness. The optimum dyeing conditions were $60^{\circ}C$ of dyeing temperature, 60min of dyeing time at 1:100($H_2O$ 90%: ethanol 10%) of bath ratio. The onion peels produced yellowish color on eel skin. The pre-mordanting was effective than the post-mordanting. As a result of the drape stiffness measurement, the Fe-mordanted sample was somewhat stiffer comparing to other mordanted samples. The light fastness of the non-mordant dye was excellent in 3-4 grade. Drycleaning fastness and rubbing fastness showed excellent results, but fastness was not significantly improved by mordanting.