• 제목/요약/키워드: port choice

검색결과 73건 처리시간 0.018초

Trading Strategies in Bulk Shipping: the Application of Artificial Neural Networks

  • Yun, Hee-Sung;Lim, Sang-Seop;Lee, Ki-Hwan
    • 한국항해항만학회지
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    • 제40권5호
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    • pp.337-343
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    • 2016
  • The core decisions of bulk shipping businesses can be summarized as the timing and the choice of period for which carrying capacity is traded. In particular, frequent decisions to trade freight either with repeated spot transactions or with a one-off long-term deal critically impact business performance. Even though a variety of freight trading strategies can be employed to facilitate the decisions, chartering practitioners have not been active in utilizing these strategies, and academic research has rarely proposed applicable solutions. The specific properties of freight as a tradable commodity are not properly reflected in existing studies, and limitations have been reported in their application to the real world. This research focused on the establishment of applicable freight trading strategies by taking into account two properties of freight: time perishability and term-dependant pricing. In addition to traditional trading strategies, artificial neural networks were applied for the first time to the test of freight trading strategies. The performances of the trading strategies were measured and compared to produce a remarkable outperformance of the ANN. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to chartering practices by enhancing the quality of chartering decisions and eventually enabling the effective management of freight rate risk. In addition to methodological expansion, the result will propose a way to approach the controversial issue of freight market efficiency.

조난 선박의 위치추정을 위한 GUI 프로그램 개발 (Development of a GUI Program for the Position Prediction of Distressed Vessel)

  • 강신영
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2002년도 추계공동학술대회논문집
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2002
  • 수색구조 작업에서 표류지점 추정 모델을 윈도우 운영체계에서 쉽게 운영할 수 있는 GUI 프로그램을 개발하였다. 운영자가 화면의 선택사항을 보고 표류물체의 종류와 해상환경조건을 입력시킬 수 있도록 하였고, 계산된 추정점 및 선박의 표류 궤적이 좌표와 함께 해도상에 표시되게 하여 현장에서 쉽게 예측결과를 알 수 있도록 하였다. 프로그램에는 Leeway 공식을 사용하는 방식과 Newton의 운동방정식에서 해를 구하는 방식을 사용하였다. 프로그래밍에 사용된 언어는 FORTRAN이고, 그래픽 처리를 위해 Lahey의 Winteracter 4.0을 활용하였다. 모델의 시현을 위해 2001년 5원 부산 근해에서 수행된 현장실험 결과와 예측 모델에 의한 결과를 비교·도시하였다.

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Theoretical Approach of Optimization of the Gain Parameters α, β and γ of a Tracking Module for ARPA system on Board Warships

  • Jeong, Tae-Gweon;Pan, Bao-Feng;Njonjo, Anne Wanjiru
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.55-57
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    • 2015
  • The tracking system plays a key role in accurate estimation and prediction of maneuvering vessel's position and velocity in a bid to enhance safety by taking avoiding action against collision. Therefore, in order to achieve this, many ocean- going vessels are equipped with radar and the ARPA system. However, the accuracy of prediction highly depends on the choice of the gain parameters, ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$ employed in the tracking filter. P revious research of this paper was based on theoretically developing an algorithm for a tracking module. This research paper is hence a continuation by the authors to determine the optimal values of the gain parameters used in the tracking module. A tracking algorithm is developed using the ${\alpha}-{\beta}-{\gamma}$ filter to carry out prediction and smoothing of the positions and velocities. Numerical simulations are then performed to evaluate the optimal values of the smoothing parameters that will improve the performance of the tracking module and reduce measurement noise. The twice distance root mean square (2drms) is then calculated to determine error variation.

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Public Perception of establishing Marine Protected Areas in Guimaras Province, Philippines using Contingent Valuation Method

  • Kim, Tae-Goun
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2014년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.91-93
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    • 2014
  • Philippine fisheries code of 1998 (Republic Act 8550), which is enacted to achieve food security by managing, conserving and protecting fishery resources, obliges local governments to designate no less than 15% of jurisdictional municipal water as fisheries resource protection zone. Accordingly, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are the most extensively established as fisheries management and conservation tool and over 1,500 MPAs are reported in the Philippines. But there has been debate on the pros and cons of implementing MPAs because of the positive and negative impacts on local communities and fishermen. A dichotomous-choice contingent-valuation survey was conducted in the two municipalities of Guimaras, Philippines to investigate public opinion in debates over MPAs and to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for MPAs to protect and conserve marine habitats for fishery resources. For the benefits and costs of MPAs, 43.6% of respondents thought the costs would be larger than the benefit, but 91% respondents voted in favor of increasing MPAs for fisheries resources as a protective measure. Finally, the estimated Turnbull lower-bound mean WTP (36.75ha) was php 493.6(US$ 11.3) per household to establish the additional MPA (36.75ha) in their municipality waters.

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대중교통 지선노선 선정기법에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Feeder Transit Route Design System)

  • 배기목
    • 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국항해항만학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집
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    • pp.316-321
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    • 2003
  • 단말버스 노선선정의 경우, 전체 네트워크로서의 노선선정 보다는 지하철 역 등의 특정 기종점과의 연계차원에서 단일 노선으로 취급하여 노선선정을 행함이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 관점 하에 마을버스 노선선정을 위한 간편 기법을 구축하였다. 검토대상 도로망 한정, 허용노선장에 의한 후보노선의 열거, 노선평가치에 의한 최종노선의 선정 등의 3가지 단계를 통해 단말기능으로서의 마을버스 노선을 선정하는 기법을 구축하였다.

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조난 선박의 위치추정을 위한 GUI 프로그램 개발 (Development of a GUI Program for the Position Prediction of Distressed Vessel)

  • 강신영
    • 한국항해항만학회지
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.491-495
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    • 2002
  • 수색구조 작업에서 표류지점 추정 모델을 윈도우 운영체계에서 쉽게 운영할 수 있는 GUI 프로그램을 개발하였다. 운영자가 화면의 선택사항을 보고 표류물체의 종류와 해상환경 조건을 입력시킬 수 있도록 하였고, 계산된 추정 점 및 선박의 표류 궤적이 좌표와 함께 전자해도상에 표시되게 하여 현장에서 쉽게 예측결과를 알 수 있도록 하였다. 프로그램에는 Leeway공식을 사용하는 방식과 Newton의 운동방정식에서 해를 구하는 방식을 사용하였다. 프로그래밍에 사용된 언어는 FORTRAN이고, 그래픽 처리를 위해 Lahey의 Winteracter 4.0을 활용하였다. 모델의 시연을 위해 2001년 5월 부산 근해에서 수행된 현장실험 결과와 예측 모델에 의한 결과를 비교·도시하였다.

Fixed Versus Floating Interest Rates in Shipping Finance: A Behavioral Finance Perspective

  • Kim, Wu-Seok
    • 한국항해항만학회지
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    • 제45권5호
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    • pp.259-275
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzed the decision-making process in ship finance for the choice between fixed and floating interest rates using behavioral finance theories. Results confirmed that causes and background of decision-making processes could be explicitly explained by the framework of behavioral finance theories. This study also determined whether decisions were irrational. A case-study research was applied as the methodology. Decision-making data on ship finance collected through narrative and questionnaire responses were analyzed and evaluated using behavioral finance theories. Theories of behavioral finance used in the analysis and research of this study included availability heuristic, anchoring effect, and opportunity cost theory. Narrative and survey responses were clearly explained by theories of behavioral finance. It was found that a shipping company suffered additional losses owing to decisions that included behavioral finance errors. Behavioral finance theories largely influenced the decision-making process of choosing between a fixed interest rate and a floating interest rate. Shipping finance decisions related to interest rate selections could be clearly explained by behavioral finance theories. Errors related to behavioral finance could result in irrational decisions. Thus, managers who are responsible for shipping finance should remain vigilant toward any behavioral finance errors when making shipping finance decisions.

FUTURE GASOLINE AND DIESEL ENGINES - REVIEW

  • Monaghan, M.L.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2000
  • This paper reviews the main drivers forcing change and progress in powertrains for passenger cars in the coming years. The environmental drivers of omissions and CO2 will force better technical performance, but customer demand for increased choice will force change in the basic engine design and provide opportunities for alternate configurations of powertrain. Gasoline engines will embody refinements of valve train actuations as well as developments in combustion, especially direct injection and possibly a lean booated form of direct injection. Nevertheless, the conventional, port injected engine will continue to be the dominant engine for some years to come. The high speed direct injection diesel will very soon supplant its indirect injection predecessor completely. It will take an increasing share of the total powertrain market as improved specific power and refinement make it even more attractive to the customer. Car manufacturers will provide diesel models to satisfy this customer demand as well as using the efficiency of the diesel to enable them to meet their fleet CO2 commitments. Both gasoline and diesel engines will see an increasing degree of electrification and partial hybridisation as efficient flywheel mounted electrical devices become available.

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희박연소기관의 혼합기형성 및 연소특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Mixture Formation and Combustion Characteristics in Lean Burn Engine)

  • 이창식;서영호;조행묵;김현정
    • 한국자동차공학회논문집
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    • 제4권4호
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    • pp.80-86
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    • 1996
  • In order to decrease fuel comsumption rate and emissions, lean burn engine which has equipped swirl control valve, is investigated experimentally on the test bench. Single cylinder engine was used to test the combustion and emission performance with 4 kinds of swirl valve. Decrease in the carbon monoxide, hyerocarbon and specific fuel consumption was shown at the lean condition, which means that a good choice of swirl valve on the given intake port geometry can be used to increase the combustion efficiency and lean limit.

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경제자유구역 입주결정 선택기준 및 만족도 평가: 인천, 부산·진해 경제자유구역 중심으로 (A Study on Location Determining Choice Factor and Satisfaction Evaluation of Companies in Free Economic Zones: Focusing on Incheon and Busan·Jinhae Free Economic Zones)

  • 김현아;김태승
    • 한국항만경제학회지
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.107-120
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    • 2015
  • 본 연구에서는 경제자유구역의 운영의 효과를 실증적으로 비교 분석하기 위해, 인천경제자유구역과 부산 진해경제자유구역 두 지역을 대상으로 기업이 입주 시 우선적으로 고려되는 요인이 무엇인지 그 우선순위를 제시하고자 계층화 분석법(AHP) 방법을 활용하여 입지, 경제 사회, 정책 상위요인과 세부 하위요인에 대한 중요도 분석과 병행하여 경제자유구역 내 기업의 필요사항에 얼마만큼 부흥하고 있는지를 평가하기 위해 만족도 조사를 실시하였다. 첫째, AHP분석 종합 결과에서 항만 및 공항 등 물류 인프라 시설과 국내외 인접 시장과의 접근성을 감안하여 부지확보 용이성 및 인접시장과 접근 편리성 등의 입지적 측면이 경제자유구역 입주 결정 시 높은 중요도로 평가되었다. 둘째, 입주기업의 만족도를 조사 결과에서 인천의 경우 대도시 및 수도권에 위치하고 있어 물류 인프라 시설 및 배후시장의 가치가, 부산 진해는 경제자유구역 주변의 기 조성된 산업단지와 도로, 항만등의 교통 인프라 시설에 있어 긍정적으로 평가되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 마지막으로, 중요도-만족도(IPA)조사 결과에서 인천경제자유구역의 지속적으로 유지해야 할 부문은 '입지영역'으로 부지 확보 용이성, 인접시장과 접근편리성으로 나타났으며, 부지 임대료, 전문 인력 수급에 있어서는 중점적으로 강화해야 할 지원 항목으로 나타났다. 반면 부산 진해 경제자유구역은 지속적으로 유지해야 할 부문은 '정책영역'으로 조세감면 및 인센티브로 나타났으며, 부지 임대료, 인접시장과 접근 편리성, 전문 인력 수급, 정부 투자의 지속성 및 물류 시설의 규모에서는 중점적으로 강화해야 할 지원 항목으로 분석되었다. 본 연구결과는 경제자유구역 투자 활성화 및 입주 촉진을 위한 정책의 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.