• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2014

Purpose - The pool of entrepreneurs with progressive qualities such as creativity and innovation was considered concurrently with such factors as work and capital that stimulate economic development and growth. This study aims to present a model to support the development of a strategic approach for achieving an overall academic entrepreneurship system in Iran. Research design, data, and methodology - The research design of this study is based on applied research because of its objectives, using principles and techniques formulated for basic research to solve operational and real organizational issues. This design also drives the method used, describing and interpreting the findings. Secondary data (library research) was used for this study's data collection. Because of this research's essential characteristics, no hypothesis is launched, and no research setting, questionnaire design, population or population sampling, validity or reliability tests, or statistical analysis are needed. Results and Conclusions - The model is created using a strategic approach acting in an octal setting comprising social, cultural, legal, economic, political, technological, competitive, and natural environments to present a conceptual framework for future studies.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.230-233
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• 2016

Linkage disequilibrium (LD) is the non-random association between the loci and it could give us a preliminary insight into the genetic history of the population. In the present study LD patterns and effective population size (Ne) of three Korean cattle breeds along with Chinese, Japanese and Mongolian cattle were compared using the bovine Illumina SNP50 panel. The effective population size (Ne) is the number of breeding individuals in a population and is particularly important as it determines the rate at which genetic variation is lost. The genotype data in our study comprised a total of 129 samples, varying from 4 to 39 samples. After quality control there were ~29,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for which $r^2$ value was calculated. Average distance between SNP pairs was 1.14 Mb across all breeds. Average $r^2$ between adjacent SNP pairs ranged between was 0.1 for Yanbian to 0.3 for Qinchuan. Effective population size of the breeds based on $r^2$ varied from 16 in Hainan to 226 in Yanbian. Amongst the Korean native breeds effective population size of Brindle Hanwoo was the least with Ne = 59 and Brown Hanwoo was the highest with Ne = 83. The effective population size of the Korean cattle breeds has been decreasing alarmingly over the past generations. We suggest appropriate measures to be taken to prevent these local breeds in their native tracts.

• 서비스연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2015

청년층 고용지표의 변동성에 대한 각 지역별 비교분석 결과는 중앙정부 및 지방자치단체의 실업대책이나 고용정책수립에 필요한 기초자료로서 중요하다. 이러한 비교분석 결과를 통하여 중앙정부 및 지방자치단체는 지역별 차별정책의 사용이 가능해 지는 동시에 세부적인 정책적용의 효율성도 제고시킬 수 있게 된다. 본 연구는 국내 경제활동인구조사 자료를 기초로하여 광역시와 도 지역 전체를 대상으로 청년층의 대표적인 고용통계 지표로서 경제활동참가율과 고용률 및 실업률 등을 고려하고 이 지표들의 변동성을 변동계수를 이용하여 광역자치단체 뿐만 아니라 각 시도별로 비교분석하였다. 또한, 세가지 고용지표 중 변동성이 가장 큰 고용지표를 제시하였고 각 고용지표에서 변동성이 가장 큰 광역자치단체를 제시하였다.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2012

Scientific analysis of crime hot spots is essential in preventing and/or suppressing crime. However, results could be different depending on the analytic methods, which highlights the importance of choosing adequate tools. The purpose of this study was to introduce two advanced techniques for detecting crime hot spots, GAM and Local Moran's I, hoping for more police agencies to adopt better techniques.GAM controls for the number of population in study regions, but local Moran's I does not. That is, GAM detects high crime rate areas, whereas local Moran's I identifies high crime volume areas. For GAM, physical disorder was used as a proxy measure for population at risk based on the logic of the broken windows theory. Different regions were identified as hot spots. Although GAM is generally regarded as a more advanced method in that it controls for population, it's usage is limited to only point data. Local Moran's I is adequate for zonal data, but suffers from the unavoidable MAUP(Modifiable Areal Unit Problem).

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to determine the position of the mental foramen relative to the apices of the teeth based on panoramic radiographs in a Moroccan population. We also analyzed gender differences and the symmetry of location within individuals. Materials and Methods: Seven hundred ninety-four panoramic radiographs were evaluated with regard to the location and symmetry of the mental foramina in male and female subjects. The results were analyzed using Pearson's ${\chi}^2$ and Fisher's exact test. Results: Of the 794 panoramic radiographs, 377 met the inclusion criteria for at least one side. The mental foramen was located just below the apex of the second premolar in 62.7% of the patients and between the first and second premolars in 30%. It was symmetrically located in 79%. No statistically significant differences were found between males and females in the position and symmetry of the mental foramen. Conclusion: The most common position for the mental foramen in this sample was in line with the second premolar.

• ALGAE
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2010

The natural growth of a population of Gomphosphaeria aponina Kutzing (Chroococcales, Cyanoprocaryota) was studied in a cemented freshwater tank in Allahabad, India. This population appeared to be a polymorphic species. Different species of the genus Gomphosphaeria have been segregated based on morphological features of colonies, cells and mucilage. However, these features are not well defined for different species. Our observations revealed many feature variations and, interestingly, certain features that have been described for different Gomphosphaeria species were seen in a single population. In this study, records of such variable morphological features were possible due to the availability of numerous specimens and continuous observations for more than two years. Further, this study revealed two points: (i) more detailed morphological studies are required both from nature as well as in culture to identify critical differences among the species, and (ii) molecular characterization of taxa appears to be necessary for final species settlement.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2008

The development of modern medicine and economic growth has caused the elderly population to increase rapidly in Korea and the country is becoming an aging society. As the population of elderly has increased the interest in silver towns has also increased. the elderly population is more affluent in the past and more willing to spend their money on themselves. This led to the need of supplying silver towns where they can have comfortable retirement. The research conducted for this study was to understand the silver town market by finding the preference of silver town service according to their life style. The target of this survey was the pre-elderly in the Cheongju area and several analysis techniques like factor analysis, crowding analysis, and conjoint analysis were used to understand the life style of the preelderly and preference factors of silver town services.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2010

According to the Korea National Statistical Office data in 2008, the population over ages of 65 years would possess to 10.7% whole population of Korea in 2009 denoting Korea is already in the aging society. In addition, the office also expected that Korea would enter in the aged population over 65 years: 14.3% and post-aged 20.8% society in 2019 and 2026 respectively, and which suggests that an averaged age of workers in Korean industries may increase rapidly in future. The main purpose of this study is to assess the work ability and the job stress of each age group in order to identity the influential factors on those items. To this end, Questionnaires about work ability and job stress were distributed to practitioners in shipbuilding industry and statistical analysis was performed to assess work ability and the job stress based on the responses from the practitioners.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2024

This research examined consumption-based carbon emission reduction by nuclear energy consumption and environmental tax while considering the context of trade globalization in the highest five emitter nations from 1990 to 2020. This study used various empirical methodologies, including preliminary analysis to check the stationarity and cointegration, the CS-ARDL for long-run analysis, CCEMG, AMG for robustness, and the D-H causality test for short-term pairwise causation. The results indicated that nuclear energy consumption, environmental tax, and trade globalization help to mitigate consumption-based carbon emissions while economic growth and population density boost carbon emissions. Furthermore, the results also found two-way casual connection exists between nuclear energy consumption, population density, and consumption-based carbon emissions. Thus, the results emphasize the need for government policies that encourage nuclear energy and environmental tax as a strategy to reduce carbon emissions and achieve and maintain environmental development.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.33-65
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• 1978

This study is an attempt to present a model of the organization structure for public libraries based on Standards for Public Libraries in Korea. The result of this study is as follows : (1) A library serving $50,000{\sim}80,000$ population should be organized with a staff of 4 persons and a part-time typist without actual departments. (2) A library serving $100,000{\sim}150,000$ population should be organized with a staff of 10 persons without actual departments. (3) A library serving $400,000{\sim}500,000$ population should be organized with a staff of 33 persons. $4{\sim}5$ sections and 2 branch libraries leveled with a section. (4) A library serving $900,000{\sim}1,000,000$ population should be organized with a staff of $62{\sim}66$ persons, an associate librarian, $4{\sim}5$ departments, $9{\sim}10$ sections and $4{\sim}5$ branch libraries leveled with a section. (5) A library serving $1,400,000{\sim}1,500,000$ population should be organized with a staff of 95 persons, an associate librarian, $5{\sim}6$ departments, $13{\sim}16$ sections, $6{\sim}8$ branch libraries leveled with a section and a full-time person taking charge of publicity. (6) A library serving $1,900,000{\sim}2,000,000$ population should be organized with a staff of 124 persons, 2 associate librarians, $7{\sim}8$ departments, 14 sections, 4 separate rooms without actual departments and $9{\sim}11$ branch libraries leveled with a section.