• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2020

Objective : To investigate the epidemiology of newly-diagnosed, histologically-confirmed (NDHC) central nervous system (CNS) tumours and its changes over a 21-year period in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. Methods : This is a single-institute retrospective descriptive study of patients undergoing surgery for CNS tumours in a regional hospital of Hong Kong in the period from January 1996 to December 2016. The histological definition of CNS tumours was according to the World Health Organization classification, while the site definition for case ascertainment of CNS tumours was as set out by the Central Brain Tumour Registry of the United States. Patients of any age, who had NDHC CNS tumours, either primary or secondary, were included. The following parameters of the patients were retrieved : age at diagnosis, gender, tumour location, and histological diagnosis. Population data were obtained from sources provided by the Government of Hong Kong. The incident rate, estimated by the annual number of cases per 100000 population, for each histology grouping was calculated. Statistical analyses, both including and excluding brain metastases, were performed. Statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel, 2016 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA). Results : Among the 2134 cases of NDHC CNS tumours, there were 1936 cases of intracranial tumours and 198 cases of spinal tumours. The annual number of cases per 100000 population of combined primary intracranial and spinal CNS tumours was 3.6 in 1996, and 11.1 in 2016. Comparing the 5-year average annual number of cases per 100000 population of primary CNS tumours from the period 1996-2000 to 2011-2015, there was an 88% increase, which represent an increase in the absolute number of cases by 4.52 cases/100000 population. This increase was mainly contributed by benign histologies. In the aforementioned periods, meningiomas increased by 1.45 cases/100000 population; schwannomas by 1.05 cases/100000 population, and pituitary adenomas by 0.91 cases/100000 population. While gliomas had a fluctuating 5-year average annual number of cases per 100000 population, it only had an absolute increase of 0.51 cases/100000 population between the 2 periods, which was mainly accounted for by the change in glioblastomas. Conclusion : This retrospective study of CNS tumour epidemiology revealed increasing trends in the incidences of several common CNS tumour histologies in Hong Kong, which agrees with the findings in large-scale studies in Korea and the United States. It is important for different geographic locations to establish their own CNS tumour registry with well-defined and structured data collection and analysis system to meet the international standards.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.243-249
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• 2008

In the previous study, 141 $BC_3F_2$ lines from a cross between the Oryza sativa cv. Milyang 23 and O. glaberrima were used to identify favorable wild QTL alleles for yield component traits. In this study, we carried out QTL analysis of four grain morphology as well as four yield component traits using 141 $BC_3F_5$ lines from the same cross and compared QTLs detected in two different generations. The mean number of O. glaberrima segments in the 141 $BC_3F_5$ lines ranged from 1 to 13 with 2.69 and 5.71 of the average means of homozygous and heterozygous segments, respectively. There was a three-fold difference in the number of QTLs detected for four traits commonly evaluated in two generations (seven QTLs in the $BC_3F_5$ vs 21 in the $BC_3F_2$ population). The percentages of the phenotypic variance explained by QTLs in the BC3F5 population were similar to or less than those in the $BC_3F_2$ population. This is probably due to the difference in the genetic composition of two populations and the environmental effects. The locations of the QTLs commonly detected in both generations were in good agreement except for one QTL for spikelets per panicle. The yield QTL, yd3 was colocalized with the spikelets per panicle, spp3. Yield increase at this locus is due to the increase in spikelets per panicle, because both traits were associated with increase in spikelets per panicle and yield due to the presence of an O. glaberrima allele. Clusters of QTLs for grain morphology traits were observed in two chromosome regions. One cluster harboring five QTLs near SSR markers RM106 and RM263 was detected on chromosome 2. This population would serve as a foundation for development of the introgression line population from a cross between Milyang 23 and O. glaberrima.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.49-70
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• 2010

Customer population management models can be classified into three categories: the first category includes the models that analyze the customer population at cohort level; the second one deals with the customer population at aggregate level; the third one has interest in the interactions among the customer populations in the competitive market. Our study proposes a model that can analyze the dynamics of customer population in consumer-durables market at aggregate level. The dynamics of customer population includes the retention curves from the purchase or at a specific duration time, the duration time expectancy at a specific duration time, and customer population growth or decline including net replacement rate, intrinsic rate of increase, and the generation time of customer population. For this study, we adopt mathematical ecology models, redefine them, and restructure interdisciplinary models to analyze the dynamics of customer population at aggregate level. We use the data of previous research on dynamic customer population management at cohort level to compare its results with those of ours and to demonstrate the useful analytical effects which the precious research cannot provide for marketers.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2011

The status of J stock minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) was assessed using potential biological removal (PBR) and mortality data. Using the estimated abundance of minke whales in this area (6260; CV = 0.212), the minimum population estimate of the stock was estimated as 5247. The PBR for J stock minke whales was calculated as 52.5 individuals using the minimum population estimate (5247), one-half of the maximum theoretical net productivity rate (0.02) and the recovery factor (0.5). The estimated mean annual level of anthropogenic mortality was 270.4 individuals. Thus, the status of this stock was considered as strategic. However, fortunately, the abundance of this population in the East Sea from 2000 to 2008 showed an increasing trend (rate of increase 0.0488; annual rate of increase 5.0%) although it is not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The primary sources of anthropogenic mortality were bycatch (set nets, pots and gill nets) and illegal catch. Because of the status of this population, it is urgently necessary to reduce the amount of bycatch and illegal catch of minke whales. Further study needs to use population health and viability analysis for investigating the long-term survival of this population more clearly.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2021

Increase in avian species richness is one of the important issues of urban biodiversity policies, since it can promote diverse ecosystem services such as seed dispersal, education, and pollination. However, though human disturbance can significantly affect avian species richness, there are limited studies on the way to reflect the dynamics of floating population. Therefore, this study analyzed the spatial relationship between avian species richness, floating population, and vegetation cover using telecommunications information to identify the areas that requiring targeted monitoring and restoration action. Bivariate Local Moran's I was applied to identify LISA cluster map that showing representative biotopes, which reflect significant spatial relationship between species richness and population distribution. Edge density and distribution of ndvi were identified for evaluating relative adequacy of selected biotopes to strengthen the robust biodiversity network. This study offers insight to consider human disturbance in spatial context using innovative big data to increase the effectiveness of urban biodiversity measures.

• 한국인구학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.118-138
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• 1985

This paper is aimed to analyse the recent changes in family planning as a step in an evaluation of the results of the population control policy which has been strenuously pursued by the government since December 1981. The data used in this analysis comes from the 1985 national fertility and family planning survey conducted by the Korea Institute for Population and Health (KIPH) in May 1985. According to the 1985 survey data, there have been great changes in both the contraceptive practice and fertility rates since the strengthening of the government's population control policy in 1 981. The contraceptive practice rate for married women aged 15-44 has increased from 57.7% in 1982 to 70.3% in 1985, an increase of 12.6% points in the short span of only 3 years. During the same period, the total fertility rate has declined from 2.7 in 1982 to the population replacement level which was planned to achieve by 1 988. More than 80% of women aged over 30 or with two children or more are practicing contraception, while the practice rates of women with 0-1 children are 14.0% and 45.1% respectively. The survey has revealed that the increase of contraceptive practice rate during 1982-1985 has mainly attributed to the high acceptance of sterilization procedures which practice rate of the married women has increased from 28.1% to 40.3% for the period. Also, the survey data shows that 24.7% of those women with only one child is practicing contraception for thepurpose of fertility termination. The government, taking into account of rapid changes in contraceptive practice and fertility rates, is formulating a population plan during the sixth fiveyear economic and social development plan (1987-1991) to achieve 1% ofpopulation growth rate by 1993, which was planned to realize by 2000. In order to meet this demographic goal, the existing population control policy measures should be improved to be suited to the recent contraceptive use and fertility changes. From this standpoint, the following considerations should be put forth; 1) improvement of the current program management systems including target allocation and evaluation schems for recruiting new acceptors in the young 20s groups to use contraceptives for birth spacing and to increase high continuation rates through the strengthening of follow-up services for the acceptors, 2) increase of self-supporting contraceptive users by promoting commercial advertisements on contraceptives through mass media including T.V. and radio, 3) development of social support policies including incentive schems, and strengthening of IE & C activities for increasing the proportion of the one-child family, 4) strengthening of population and family planning education in and out school youth, and 5) strengthening of management capabilities at the provincial and local program managers.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.74-83
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• 2009

기반시설부담구역 지정과 관련한 조항이 국토계획법에 신설되면서 정부는 2008년 9월 개정 시행령을 통해 인구증가율에 따른 기반시설부담구역 지정기준을 고시한 바 있다. 본 연구는 통탄신도시 조성으로 인구증가가 뚜렷한 화성시 동탄동을 사례지로 하여 격자 공간분석을 통해 법정 인구증가율 상회 격자 셀들을 선별해 보고 다시 이들에 대해 셀 버퍼와 셀 간격 등 두 가지 기준에 의한 그루핑 시나리오를 상정하여 공간적 인접성 단계별로 인구밀집이 예상되는 구역을 연동 집단화하는 방법에 대해 모의실험을 수행해 보았다. 이와 같이 선별한 동탄동 관내 가상 지정구역을 동탄동 토지이용계획도와 중첩하여 검토한 결과 위 두 가지 방식 모두에 있어 실제 인구집중 구역들이 적절한 형태로 집단화되는 것이 확인되었다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible relationship between population migration and population inequality in rural areas. This study conducted a case study on the eup·myeon(rural)areas in Chungcheongbuk-do. First, the population migration was divided into four patterns, and the characteristics of population migration in rural areas were analyzed based on the net migration. The analysis results showed that there was serious migration between rural areas, and the population in rural areas mainly moved out to urban areas within the province, but the urban population outside the province moved out to rural areas. The main areas of population inflows included areas such as Deoksan-eup, Jincheon-gun, Osong-eup and Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si. Second, the Theil index was used to quantitatively analyze the level of population inequality between rural areas. The Theil index of the population aged 0~14 increased from 0.38 to 0.53, that of population aged 15-64 increased from 0.22 to 0.30, and that of population aged over 65 increased from 0.07 to 0.09, indicating an increase in population inequality. Finally, due to the continued large-scale inflows of population into Osong-eup and Ochang-eup, the Theil index of total population in Cheongju-si increased from 0.13 in 2009 to 0.23 in 2020, which meant that the level of population inequality had increased. Similarly, due to the continued large population inflows into Deoksan-eup, the Theil index of total population in Jincheon-gun increased from 0.14 in 2009 to 0.18 in 2020, which meant that the level of population inequality had increased. In conclusion, large-scale population inflows into specific areas will lead to an increase in the level of population inequality.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2020

We studies show that ratio of corpse among cremated bodies in public cremation facilities in metropolitan cities using E-Haneul funeral information system is average 90.1%, which is high, in bigger metropolitan cities with over 2 million of population (Incheon, Busan, and Daegu), but is average 81.4%, which is relatively low, in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population(Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan). In addition, the cremated bodies ratio of opening remains is average 17.4% in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population, but is average 8.9% in those with over 2 million of population, which is relatively low. Finally, the cremated bodies ratio of dead fetuses is average 1.2% in smaller metropolitan cities with less than 2 million of population, and average 1.0% in those with over 2 million of population, which is low. Based on the above result, we are the following suggestions to improve the effectiveness of funeral facility use by the increase of demand for public cremation facilities in metropolitan cities. First, Busan and Daegu, where the shortage of supply is expected due to the increase of demand for cremation of corpse, need to implement supply expansion policy of public cremation facilities to build or expand cremation furnaces. Second, Daejeon, Gwangju, and Ulsan, where the cremated bodies ratio of corpse is low, need to expand supply through expanded operation from existing 4~8 cremation numbers of public cremation facilities to 11 cremation numbers, which is the level of Seoul Metropolitan City. Third, there should be cremation furnaces exclusively for opening remains to prepare the increase of demand for opening remains in the years with leap month.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.155-166
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• 2005

Since 1980's, fishery household population have been continuously in a down slope with a 5$\%$ annual decreasing rate in Korea. With a particular situation that the scale of over 60s population has been soaring compared with that of under 16 aged population plunging, some difficulties have been raised with the respect of labor supply into fishery communities. This study is aimed at analyzing the tendency of fisheries population with the change of economic development rates and prospect a future fisheries population with the consideration of present decreasing rate. Model results indicate that the tendency of future fishery household population would be decreased by 4.96$\%$ annually through a decade from 2000. Interestingly, it is predicted that the decreasing rate of male fishery household population would be faster than that of female. Consequently, women would hold a greater part in Fishery household population in 2010. In addition, the fishery household population of 40s and 50s would increase from 36$\%$ to 49$\%$, that of over 60s from 21$\%$ to 37$\%$. In conclusion, as a population over 40's encompass almost 90$\%$ in the total population, the fishing communities have a difficulty in shortage of the young workforce.