• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 1984

The effects of Temperature on the removal of triglyceride were studied with soaps having various chain lengths of alkyl group. Cellophane, polyester film and alkali-treated polyester film were soiled with tripalmitin, tagged with 0" and detergency was evaluated by analysing the tripalmitine on the fabric before and after washing by means of liquid scintillation counting. The results were as following: 1) Triglyceride was completely removed from cellophane in distilled water without surfactant at any temperature, because of the hydrophillic nature of cellulose. The detergency of triglyceride from polyester film fully depended on the state of tripalmitin. The detergency of alkali treated polyester film was better than that of untreated polyester film at lower temperature due to increased hydrophillcity, but worse at higher temperature due to the diffusion of molten tripalmitin into the grooves, formed by alkali treatment. 2) The detergency from polyester film was increased with elevating temperature and after reaching some optimum detergencies, the detergencies were rather decreased with increasing temperature. The temperatures of optimum detergency were shifted to higher with increasing chain length of alkyl group. 3) When the soiled film was baked at $60^{\circ}C$ and $70^{\circ}C$ for 20 min, the detergency vs. temperature was much the same as the case of without-baking. These results indicate that the detergency of triglyceride was largely correlated with the suspending power of surfactants at low temperature and with state of soil and hydrophilicity of substrates with elevating temperature.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2019

Blowing film was prepared using polyester elastomer with thermally expandable microcapsule to investigate the optimum blowing properties and the film making process. Physical properties including specific gravity, blowing efficiency, foaming shape, tensile strength and elongation of polyester film were tested by varying the process condition of temperature and revolution per minutes of the extruder. The lowest specific gravity of 0.709 can be achieved with excellent foaming cells at $210^{\circ}C$ and 50 RPM conditions. The highest tensile strength and elongation was shown at $210^{\circ}C$, 100 RPM and $230^{\circ}C$, 25 RPM conditions. However, most of the prepared polyester films showed over $1kg_f/mm^2$ of tensile strength which is reasonable value to use in film applications.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.401-405
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• 1999

Reflective silver films with high quality were prepared on polyester substrate by using sputter deposit on techniques. Best reflectivity thin films of silver were produced with process parameters of $10^{-6}$ Torr as base pressure, 50 W as R.F. power, 5 mTorr as working pressure, and 10 sccm as Ar flow rate. Being deposited with an R.F. power of 50 W, Ag films revealed the highest 96.3 % reflectance as illuminated with a light of 700 nm wavelength. The adhesion of sample films showed as high as 14 to $20{\;}kg/\textrm{cm}^2$, which is suitable for industrial purposes. Their film crystallinity and orientation resulted in the planes of (111) and (200) for the growth with a preferred orientation of <111>, in general. The cross-sections of thin film specimens showed columnar structures. It is noted that columns became coarsened and less dense as R.F. power increased, resulting in a low reflectivity for the product film.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.115-123
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• 2023

In this paper, we report and discuss the semi-permanently hydrophilic (SPH) treatment of polyester fabric using plasma polymerization and oxidation based on atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (APDBD) technology. SiO_xC_y(-H) was coated on polyester fabric using Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (HMCTSO) as a precursor, and then plasma oxidation was performed to change the upper layer of the thin film to SiO₂-like. The degradation of hydrophilicity of the SPH polyester fabrics was evaluated by water contact angle (WCA) and wicking time after repeated washing. The surface morphology of the coated yarns was observed with scanning electron microscopy, and the presence of the coating layer was confirmed by measuring the Si peak using energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. The WCA of the SPH polyester fabric increased to 50 degrees after 30 washes, but it was still hydrophilic compared to the untreated fabric. The decrease in hydrophilicity of the SPH fabric was due to peeling of the SiO_xC_y(-H) thin film coated on polyester yarns.

• Polymer Science and Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.185-206
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• 1992

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2011

Polyester was prepared through the esterification reaction between watsepaper liquefied by ethylene glycol and carboxylic acid. Liquefaction was carried out at the previously determined condition of 100 minutes, $160^{\circ}C$, and 3% sulfuric acid, and the hydroxyl value of the liquefied product was 411 mg KOH/g. In order to remove bubbles produced during the curing step, the method to introduce a slight nitrogen stream into reaction vessel and/or the method to preheat a polyester film at $85^{\circ}C$ before curing step were used alone or in combination. But if curing temperature was $130^{\circ}C$, simple method to cure a film for 5 hours at $130^{\circ}C$ without using both methods was found to be most effective. The polyesters prepared with various carboxylic acids showed significant different physical properties, and maleic acid was best among them. Also, the effect of reaction time and temperature, C/H (carboxyl group/hydroxyl group) ratio, and type of additive on the crosslinkage of polyester was investigated. Lithium hydroxide or citric acid as additive was used to enhance the crosslinkage of polyester and citric acid was proved to be much more effective than lithium hydroxide. The effect of reaction temperature on the crosslinkage was marginal, but the crosslinkage decreased above $130^{\circ}C$. The crosslinkage was 86% when the polyester was prepared at an optimum condition such as $130^{\circ}C$ and 15 minutes of reaction condition, 1.5 of C/H ratio, $130^{\circ}C$ and 5 hours of curing condition, and 10% addition of citric acid.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.101-109
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to suggest ways on reducing the cooling and heating energy cost of the officetel building with the multiple glazing windows according to Life Cycle Costing. This study consisted of an hour-by hour energy simulation program and further data from the EnergyPlus V1-2-2 to the four pane type windows that were applied with 2 low-e polyester film and krypton gas to the officetel model building. It was determined that the four panes type windows that had 2 low-e polyester film and krypton gas applied to, them showed a cooling and heating cost reduction over traditional double glazed windows that were filled with air. According to this study, as well as the information from chart 4.5 and the LCC it was determined that the present value of the four panes of windows that had 2 low-e polyester film and krypton gas applied to them showed. a 11.4% reduction in heating and cooling in comparison to the traditional double glazed windows that were filled with air.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.21-27
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• 2007

The factors which affect the absorption and diffusion of disperse dye in print paste for polyester film were investigated using film roll method. When Emvatex print paste of different disperse dye concentrations were fixed by high temperature steaming(HTS) for 2 hr at $190^{\circ}C$, the dye uptake and diffusion distance of 50g/kg dye concentration for PET film were very low, but those of 100$\sim$300g/kg were increased with increasing dye concentration. It was found that sodium alginate(5%) was more effective for the absorption and diffusion of disperse dye to PET film than CMC(3%) and Emvatex(18%), and Emvatex showed comparatively low absorption in three thickeners used. The dye uptake and diffusion distance of disperse dye in sodium alginate paste for PET film were increased with increasing paste thickness to $160\sim180{\mu}m$, but were decreased at $200\sim220{\mu}m$ in both fixations of baking and HTS for 2 hr at $190^{\circ}C$, and were far more largely increased by fixation of HTS than baking because steam was very important for fixation. Also it was confirmed that dye uptake was slightly increased as steam supply pressure was raised from 1 $kg/cm^2$ to 2 $kg/cm^2$, andthe dye uptake and diffusion distance of disperse dye were outstandingly increased with raising fixing temperature from $170^{\circ}C$ to $190^{\circ}C$ and fixing time from 0.5 hr to 3 hr in the fixation of HTS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.843-850
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• 2003

Cu/PET film composites were prepared by electroless copper plating method. In order to improve adhesion between electroless plated Cu layer and polyester (PET) film, the effect of pretreatment conditions such as etching method, mixed catalyst composition were investigated. Chemical etching and plasma treatment increased surface roughness in decreasing order of Ar＞HCl＞O$_2$＞NH$_3$. However, adhesion of Cu layer on PET film increased in the following order: $O_2$＜Ar＜HCl＜NH$_3$. It indicated that appropriate surface roughness and introduction of affinitive functional group with Pd were key factors of improving adhesion of Cu layer. PET film was more finely etched by HCI tolution, resulting in an improvement in adhesion between Cu layer and PET film. Plasma treatment with NH$_3$produced nitrogen atoms on PET film, which enhances chemisorption of Pd$^{2+}$ on PET film, resulting in improved adhesion and shielding effectiveness of Cu layer deposited on the Pd catalyzed surface. Surface morphology of Cu plated PET film revealed that Pd/Sn colloidal particles became more evenly distributed in the smaller size by increasing the molar ratio of PdCl$_2$; SnCl$_2$from 1 : 4 to 1 : 16. With increasing the molar ratio of mixed catalyst, adhesion and shielding effectiveness of Cu plated PET film were increased.d.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.406-409
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• 1999

Thin films of silver with high reflectance of 95% and above were fabricated successfully on polyester substrate by using e-beam evaporation processes. The optimum process condition was investigated by varying the current values applied while keeping the substrate temperature at room temperature by circulating the cooling water around it during deposition. Thin films of silver deposited with 30 mA as current revealed the highest reflectance of 96.4%, while being illuminated with a light of 700nm wave-length. But their adhesion showed unsatisfactory results. Though the films showed a condensation type in the cross-sectional views, they revealed crystallinity in the planes of (111) and (200) and growth orientation in <100> direction.