• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2012

Korean Studies in China is centered on Korean language program and is very successful, creating and instilling positive images of Korea. In China, Korean Studies means both North Korea and South Korea and is called "Korean Studies," "Chosun Studies," "Peninsula Studies" or "Chosun Peninsula Studies." Korean Studies includes international economics, South Korea-North Korea relations, Korea-China relations, centering on international relations as well as domestic issues of South Korea and North Korea. It has continued to develop despite limitations due to South and North Koreas' domestic political situations. However, changing in Korea-China relations is an important factor in expansion of Korean Studies. According to the time period, subjects and the areas of studies vary, significantly affecting the results. Despite the fact that Korean Studies in China has experienced identity crisis, it continues to maintain Chinese perspective, endeavoring to form Chinese Studies School. It is developing to promote friendship and cooperation between the two countries as well as to enhance economic ties. Presently researching on Korean Studies and Korean language education in China is influenced by practical motives and needs, rather than pure academic purposes. This study analyzes what Korean Studies in China means and how it has progressed. After examining Chinese scholars' identities and differences in their approaches, I plan to propose the direction for Korean Studies in China.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.241-251
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the impact of technology adoption on students' satisfaction with the higher education system in Vietnam. With the continuous development of information and technology, the education sector in particular and many economic sectors in Vietnam have witnessed an explosion of applications and interventions in teaching-learning. However, these innovations have also received a lot of criticism regarding their effectiveness and feasibility. Although the numerous benefits that technology adoption has brought to education are apparent, many practitioners have not adjusted to this transition, resulting in lower learner satisfaction. Through a survey of more than 2472 university students in Vietnam, the results find a positive relationship between technology adoption and student satisfaction in higher education. We also test how nine contingent factors including gender, income, major, self-study time, learning methods, technology administration, self-ability in adopting technology, technology accessibility, and purpose of using technology can moderate that relationship. Indeed, technology adoption acts as a facilitator to make learning more convenient, effective, and accessible, rather than completely affecting learning outcomes and satisfaction. This result suggests that self-motivation is an important and decisive factor in improving satisfaction through choosing and applying technology effectively and appropriately.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.183-189
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• 2021

Transfer pricing is a matter of concern for countries. It affects the interests of the parties involved in the commercial transaction. Through manipulation of prices in transactions, businesses take advantage of tax rates in a country to adjust profits for economic gain. This affects the fairness and rationality of economic transactions between related parties. The article uses a two-year time series from 2018 to 2019 of 50 foreign direct investment enterprises in Vietnam. The article uses ordinary least squares to test the hypotheses of the research model. The article uses four independent variables related to ownership structure affecting transfer pricing decisions including total ownership, organization ownership, concentration ownership, and area ownership. Research results show that two variables have a positive influence on transfer pricing decisions including total ownership and organization ownership. Organization ownership has a higher degree of influence than total ownership. To be able to control transaction activities related to transfer pricing, Vietnam's state management agencies need to pay attention to perfecting the legal framework based on supplementing and amending regulations related to transfer pricing. Legal regulations need to be regulated based on international common practices to ensure uniformity on a global scale.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.151-154
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• 2021

State information policy is an important component of foreign and domestic policy of the country and covers all spheres of society. The rapid development of the information sphere is accompanied by the emergence of fundamentally new threats to the interests of the individual, society, state and its national security. The article considers the components of the state information policy to ensure information security of the country and identifies the main activities of public authorities in this area. Internal and external information threats to the national security of Ukraine and ways to guarantee the information security of the country are analyzed. Information security is seen as a component of national security, as well as a global problem of information protection, information space, information sovereignty of the country and information support of government decisions. Approaches to ensure the process of continuity of the information security system of the state in order to monitor new threats, identify risks and levels of their intensity are proposed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 2021

The paper examines the influence of ownership type on environmental performance of Chinese listed enterprises. China's environmental problems are attributed to the collusion between enterprises and economy-oriented local governments, which has allowed many companies to skirt environmental regulations. Especially, local state-owned enterprises (SOEs) tend to have worse environmental performance than private firms, under the wing of local governments, with whom they have a closer political connection. According to the report of the Environmental Protection Agency, currently the unacceptably poor environmental performance of local SOEs has severely hampered the realization of green economy in China. After examining the dataset of 15,996 firm-year observations from 2,688 listed firms, this paper found that, in the presence of central government supervision and personnel intervention, listed local SOEs will be forced to improve their environmental performance in accordance with standards set by the central government, which leads to better environmental performance than that of listed private firms (private firms). The result of two-stage regression also supports the conclusion. This shows increased supervision and personnel intervention from the central government can significantly improve the environmental performance of local SOEs. The research in this paper expects to make a contribution to attaining the goal of green economy in China.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.275-283
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• 2021

Globalization has greatly contributed to an increased need for improvement of human capital, and particularly in the development of the real estate and construction sector. Since the political and economic reforms in 1986, Vietnam has experienced a strong economic performance. The real estate and construction sector is one of the fastest growing industries in Vietnam, accounting for approximately 7.6% of GDP in Vietnam. The aim of this study is to identify critical factors influencing the satisfaction of employees to their working place. The sample data collected was from 265 employees, managers and staff in real estate and construction companies in Vietnam. After revising the missing data, and the errors, 240 valid respondents are selected. In addition, the analysis also employs SPSS software by discussing descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and regression analysis. Our empirical findings show that a company offering greater wages can positively affect the satisfaction of employees to their working place in the real estate and construction sector. In addition, a firm with a superior working relationship and working environment has a positive and statistically significant impact on the satisfaction of employees to their working place.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.591-601
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• 2021

This study examined the effect of branding capability on business performance moderated by learning capability. This study was conducted with small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of coffee cafes in the ex-Besuki region, East Java, Indonesia, covering four regencies located around coffee-producing areas with geographical indication (GI) certification. 150 managers of coffee cafe were sampled using the census technique. Data were collected by questionnaires distributed to the coffee cafe managers. The data were then analyzed by using simple regression analysis, Moderation Regression Analysis (MRA) and Moderated MultiGroup Analysis (MMA). The results showed that learning capability positively and significantly affect business performance, and learning capability moderated/enhanced the effect of branding capability on business performance. The findings of this study suggest that branding capability and learning capability play a crucial role in the performance of coffee cafe business especially in the dynamic environment. Coffee cafe managers need to take concrete steps to improve their branding capability and learning capability and they also need to improve their ability to interact with their environment and be committed in managing the coffee cafe. Therefore, it is imperative that the role of branding capability and learning capability be optimized in order to improve the business performance of the coffee cafe.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.635-646
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• 2021

The objectives of this research are to establish and confirm the human resources competency components for listed companies in the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The sample group used in this research includes the company president, business owner, managing director, assistant managing director, general manager or human resources manager of 140 listed companies. The research instrument is a scale-estimated questionnaire. The obtained data were subjected to principal component analysis and were analyzed for the rotation of the perpendicular component using the Varimax method. Results were generated through the analysis of eight components, consisting of decision-making, creativity, strategic thinking, relationship and communication, teamwork, adaptability, self-management, and motivation. The research results demonstrate important components in human resource performance that are critical to the successful development of organizations. Organizations can apply these components to the development of human resource competencies in accordance with the operations that need to be adjusted to suit the changes that occur. These rapidly-changing conditions are important factors that can be studied and developed into variables and components that affect human resource performance in the future. As a result, organizations need to adjust to be well prepared to face problems and challenges in the harsh competitive environment in the future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.421-431
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• 2021

This study investigates the empirical linkages between ASEAN countries' institutional quality and financial inclusion using country data from 2008-2019. In this paper, six governance indicators from the World Governance index are used to measure the impact of institutions on financial inclusion. The PCA method's financial inclusion index is constructed from 3 indicators: penetration, access, and usage: penetration, access, and usage with six indices respectively as the number of ATMs per 1000 km², the number of bank branches per 1000 km², the number of ATMs per 100,000 people and the number of bank branches for 100,000 adults, the ratio of credit to private to GDP, and the ratio of deposit to private to GDP. Regression analysis with the Generalized Moments method shows the positive impact of institutions and other control variables like GDP per capita, inflation, bank concentration, and human development index on financial inclusion. Therefore, this study recommends that the government and policymakers in countries pursue the financial inclusion agenda to pay attention to the financial and economic indicators and institutional factors. This is because many savers, borrowers, and investors may not be protected when financial contracts are enforced or breaches occur in an environment where economic, legal, judicial, and political institutions are weak, such as in ASEAN countries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.771-781
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify major drivers of Myanmar's long-term economic growth and draw implications to implement development policies. This study investigated Myanmar, as the country is the most recently opened economy in Southeast Asia. This study conducted simulation analysis based on scenarios by applying World Bank's Long-Term Growth Model, Penn World Table 9.1, and World Development Indicator data. This study makes extensive use of LTGM and the LTGM-TFP extension to improve the validity of models for data calibration. This study confirms the validity of the model with data calibration and specifies scenarios for simulation analyses by setting the growth trajectory of Vietnam due to common geographical, political, and economic conditions. Main findings include that Myanmar's economic growth rate will continue to fall below 3% in 2040 without proper improvement of growth drivers. The results of this study also provide that total factor productivity growth and female labor participation are key factors for Myanmar's long-term economic growth. This study advises policymakers in Myanmar to strengthen human capital, which is crucial for total factor productivity growth in Myanmar's context and directly affects economic growth. Further, labor market policies to promote female labor participation is important to sustain economic growth.