• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2022

The study aims to investigate Lebanese-Chinese relations within the framework of the Belt and Road Initiative. Lebanon formally joined the effort in 2017; this paper emphasizes Lebanon's geostrategic importance. The paper presents an assessment of the investment risks in Lebanon, which is considered an economically unstable country with a volatile security situation, with many internal and external political hurdles. The paper refers to the obstacles and challenges that the Chinese investor may face in Lebanese society. The study employs qualitative descriptive analysis to address the status of Chinese investment in Lebanon and the consequences of this partnership; the paper examines previous research related to the Belt and Road Initiative and the Lebanese political, security, and economic situation literature. Due to the deteriorating security situation, external intervention, and the economic crisis, the results reveal that Lebanon is not a top investment priority for China, which is a big impediment to China entering into economic cooperation with Lebanon. The findings of this study suggest that the Lebanese government should adopt an anti-corruption policy to build confidence for the Chinese investor, reduce unnecessary public spending, and hold a national dialogue to build confidence among the Lebanese parties.

• 분석과 대안
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.33-57
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• 2019

After the tragic incident of the sinking of Sewol in spring 2014, Korean migrants in Britain began to hold street protests in London. These protestors condemned the Korean government for the lack of appropriate responses to the accident, and for its failure to conduct proper investigation on the issue. The small group of protestors held silent street protests every month at Trafalgar Square, despite not gaining much media coverage nor public attention. These migrants' almost three-year long protest outside their homeland is puzzling. Not only did they live in Britain for a long time to the extent that they regard the country as their second home, but they also exert scant amount of influence on the political landscape in South Korea. What can then account for these individuals' participation in activism related to their homeland politics? In this paper, we utilize the concept of 'moral identity' to explain the behaviors of Korean migrants involved in the street protests. These migrants had strong 'moral identity', which triggered a sense of responsibility to act when their cherished moral values were jeopardized. Korean migrants who possessed a strong sense of moral identity placed huge importance on living in accordance with their moral values. It is a way of upholding their self-esteem and sustaining their ideal self.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2018

Purpose - This research, based on the successful experience of Korea, especially of Korea government, which, though promulgating laws and making policies, plays an rather pivotal role in Korea cultural industry development process, in developing cultural industry, explores possibly successful path and pattern that is suitable for China cultural industry. Research design, data, and Methodology - The study conducted a survey on Korea's 2000-2011 year data. After empirically analyzing the data, we believe that cultural industry in Korea and China will maintain its growth momentum. Results - This study shows that China and Korea are both belong to the only cultural circle of Confucianism and Chinese character, therefore, to research the successful experience of Korea government in cultural industry development will do much good to better promoting the optimal development of China cultural industry. China can encourage private flow to take on enterprises. In terms of financing, diversification can be achieved, by the means of cash, land, intangible assets, technology, stock, bond, cultural lottery etc. Conclusions - Besides, to better the degree of the internationalization of the allocation of the cultural resources, China government can, under the condition that Chinese laws permit, encourage foreign capital to invest in Chinese cultural industry field.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of basic needs and demographic variables of adult women upon clothing values. This study was designed with causal model regrading the demographic variables as independent variable: the basic need as interventing variable: the eight clothing values as dependent variables. The major findings of this research can be summarized as following; 1. Age of women has a definite effect on marriage status, school career and income. Age has effect on marriage status in seven values except exploratory value. It has effect on school career in aethetic and political values, and it has also effect on school career and income in social and religious values. 2. Age has no significant direct effect on the basic needs. Marriage status and school career have significant direct effect on the basic needs. Marriage status has positive effect on the need for self-esteem in seven values except exploratory value. The need for self-esteem of unmarried women are stronger than that of married women. School career has negative impact on the need for safety. The women having higher school career do not have strong need for safety in aethetic and social values. 3. School career, income, needs for safety, belongingness, self-esteem and self-actualizing have significant direct effect on clothing values. School career has positive effect on aethetic and political values, and it has negative effect on religious values. Income has negative effect upon social and religious values. Need for safety has negative effect on aethetic values. Need for safety is positively related with need for belongingneses, and they have an effect on the social values. Need for self-esteem has positive effect on the aethetic and political values, and it has negative impact on theoretical, economic, social and religious values. Need for self-actualizing has positive effect on the theoretical values.

• 환경정책연구
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.103-127
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• 2007

본 연구는 정부의 국제환경규범 결정과정에 영향을 줄 수 있는 이익집단들의 정치적 행동을 조감하는데 필요한 정치경제학 모형을 제시한다. 복잡하고 다양한 이익집단의 집단행동을 분석하기 위해서 본 연구는 최근 유행하는 메뉴 옥션 유형의 선거비용 기부 모형으로부터 시작하여 다수 조정자-다수 대리인 이론에 근거하는 국제 이익집단 정치와 더불어 공동 대리인 모형과 다수 조정자-다수 대리인 모델이 혼재되어 있는 경우까지 조감하였다. 국제무역이론의 특정생산요소 모형을 바탕으로 다양한 이익집단 정치경제모형에서 결정될 수 있는 균형 환경규범의 수준을 분석하여 근래 점증하는 환경주의자 이익집단의 정치적 역할 등을 가늠하도록 한다. 2국 소국가 개방경제를 가정하여 각국의 일방적인 환경규범입안은 매우 완화된 수준에서 이루어질 것이고 이 때문에 초래되는 외부효과는 정부 간 협력을 통하여 내재화될 수 있다는 종래의 이론적 주장에서 탈피하여 국가 간 협력을 통하여 달성될 수 있는 최적의 국제환경규범 수준이 동일한 이익을 추구하는 각국의 이익집단 간의 협력을 통해서도 가능함을 지적한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2022

Background: The public now imposes higher demands on the government than in the past, which has created the role overload faced by low-ranking government employees in China. This research investigates the relationship between role overload and health among low-ranking government employees and explores the mediating effects of burnout. Methods: It draws on a survey of 2064 low-ranking government employees by probability proportionate to size sampling in China's Shandong Province. Structural equation modeling (SEM) methods are used to analyze the data. Results: Both role overload and burnout were found to have negative effects on low-ranking government employees' health; however, the associations varied among the three age groups (less than 36, between 36 and 45, and over 45). Those over 45 reported the highest level of both physical and psychological health, while the youngest age group (less than 36) reported the lowest level of health. Role overload has a direct influence on health among government employees over 45 but not among those below 45. Burnout's mediating effects between role overload and health are significant among all age groups, but most significant among the youngest civil servants below 36. Conclusions: The findings evidenced that both role overload and burnout affect low-ranking government employees' self-reported physical and psychological health. In addition, the effect of age differences in coping with role stressors and burnout should be considered.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.101-118
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• 2023

The 'MZ generation' is accustomed to expressing their thoughts and opinions online. As a result, the role of social media in understanding the opinions and public sentiment of the MZ generation has become increasingly important. In particular, the role of social media in understanding the opinions of young people in political contexts such as policies and elections is becoming more significant. Traditionally, in such political situations, various institutions conduct opinion surveys to grasp the opinions of the people. However, existing opinion surveys have many errors and limitations in understanding the specific opinions of the entire population since they are conducted on arbitrary individuals through survey techniques. Online communities are representative social media that share the opinions of the public on specific issues such as politics, economics, and culture. Therefore, online communities are widely used as a means to supplement the limitations of traditional opinion polls. In particular, the MZ generation is familiar with online platforms, and their political support has significant influence on election results and policy decisions. With this regard, this study analyzed the relationship between the sentiment reflected in online community text data by age group on major candidates and public opinion survey support rates during the Korean presidential election for those in their 20s. The analysis showed that negative sentiments reflected in online communities by the MZ generation have a negative correlation with public opinion survey support rates. This study contributes to theory and practice by revealing a significant association between social media and public opinion polls.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.128-144
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• 2023

Objectives: The health system reform process is highly political and controversial, and in most cases, it fails to realize its intended goals. This study was conducted to synthesize factors underlying the failure of health system reforms. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-synthesis, we searched 9 international and regional databases to identify qualitative and mixed-methods studies published up to December 2019. Using thematic synthesis, we analyzed the data. We utilized the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist for quality assessment. Results: After application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 40 of 1837 articles were included in the content analysis. The identified factors were organized into 7 main themes and 32 sub-themes. The main themes included: (1) reforms initiators' attitudes and knowledge; (2) weakness of political support; (3) lack of interest group support; (4) insufficient comprehensiveness of the reform; (5) problems related to the implementation of the reform; (6) harmful consequences of reform implementation; and (7) the political, economic, cultural, and social conditions of the society in which the reform takes place. Conclusions: Health system reform is a deep and extensive process, and shortcomings and weaknesses in each step have overcome health reform attempts in many countries. Awareness of these failure factors and appropriate responses to these issues can help policymakers properly plan and implement future reform programs and achieve the ultimate goals of reform: to improve the quantity and quality of health services and the health of society.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.59-76
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• 2022

Purpose - As ahigher-order ability, improvisational capability is often employed to help a firm cope with unexpected or unanticipated issues. In light of the severe global business challenges and turbulent environmental changes, this study aimed to explore whether home-based network ties could shape the influence of improvisational capability on international entrepreneurship, alongside investigating the boundary conditions of competitive turbulence in their moderating effects. Design/methodology - The sample for the international entrepreneurship sector was obtained from the Industry and Information Technology Department of Jiangsu. In September 2021, the questionnaires were sent to the targeted ventures and required the top managers to complete the survey by email or telephone. The final research sample comprised 113 international new ventures. To test the hypotheses, moderated hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings - Our empirical results suggested that (1) unlike some previous literature, a positive effect of improvisational capability on the performance of international new ventures was not found; (2) home country-based networks (both political ties and business ties) are contingent factors that may partially stimulate the value creation of improvisational capability; and (3) in a highly competitive environment, the moderating role of business ties at home may become much stronger, however, the contingent role of political ties at home was not found. Originality/value - This study mainly concentrates on the two important types of home country-based networks, political and business ties at home, that may help international new ventures access strategic resources necessary for supporting the performance implications of improvisational capability. Thus, it extends the existing improvisational theory to encompass international entrepreneurship.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.241-263
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• 2009

이 논문은 1994년부터 2002년까지의 중국 상장기업의 데이터를 이용, 기업의 소유구조가 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 분석한 것이다. 특히 이 논문은 중국의 상장기업에 관한 새로운 주식 분류체계를 이용하여 기업 지배주주의 유형, 지배주주의 지분, 소주주들의 지분이 기업성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 관련 가설을 검증하였다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 다음과 같다. 주주로서 국가의 존재가 이윤보다는 고용을 유지하는 등 정책적 목표를 우선적으로 추구하거나 혹은 당과 정부의 개입을 초래함으로써 정치비용을 발생시켜 기업성과에 부정적인 영향을 끼칠 것이라는 주장은 적어도 정부지배 기업에게는 적용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 아울러, 지배주주의 지분이 클수록 지배주주가 경영자에 대한 감시를 강화할 유인이 커지거나 혹은 지배주주가 소주주를 착취(expropriate)할 유인이 줄어 드는 것으로 인해 기업성과에 양의 영향을 미치게 된다는 주장은 민간기업 및 부분적으로는 시장화 국유기업에는 적용될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 소주주들은 경영자 감시에 적극적으로 나섬으로써 기업성과에 양의 영향을 미친다는 주장은 시장화 국유기업과 부분적으로는 민간 기업에는 적용될 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.