• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2014

The antibacterial activities of methanol extracts of 19 commercial herbal medicines were measured against the fish pathogens Vibrio ichthyoenteri and Streptococcus iniae, which cause several fish diseases. Rhus javanica showed the strongest antibacterial activity against V. ichthyoenteri and S. iniae. The methanol extract of R. javanica was extracted further using several organic solvents with different polarities. The extract from the ethyl acetate fraction showed strong activity against both fish pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the R. javanica extract was $32{\mu}g/mL$ for V. ichthyoenteri and $128{\mu}g/mL$ for S. iniae. Further purification and isolation of the active compound (s) responsible for these activities and further study of the synergistic effect using combinations of antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria are needed.

• 지구물리
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 1998

격자 테스트 방법을 이용하여 1996년 12월 13일에 일어난 규모 4.5의 영월 지진의 진원단층 방향을 추정하였다. 국내의 기상청, 한국자원연구소, 원주 KSRS 관측망과 일본내 관측망에서 기록된 30개의 P파 극성 자료를 이용하였다. 격자 테스트 방법으로부터 계산된 진원단층면의 방향은 스러스트가 포함된 주향 이동 단층임을 보여준다. 즉 진원단층의 방향은 180±20°주향, 50±5°경사, 150±5°면선각(rake), 또는 292±3°주향, 65±5°경사, 30±10°면선각이 된다. 이들 단층 방향은 1980년 1월 7일 삭주, 1981년 4월 15일 포항, 및 1976년 10월 6일 군산 앞바다에서 일어난 지진과 유사하다. 응력의 주 압축 방향은 동북동-서남서의 경향을 가지며, 이는 이전 연구에서 구해진 한반도 및 주변부의 광역의 지구조적 응력 방향과 유사하다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.401-414
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the elementary preservice teachers' conceptions about 'plastics' focusing on non-polar property from a National University of Education. For the study, the views about plastics, relative shapes of a water droplet on plastic or glass material, and relative shapes of water surface in the plastic or glass measuring cylinder were surveyed from the preservice teachers. And the responses were analyzed based on the patterns. The results from the study are as follows: First, most preservice teachers were well aware of the plastic products which are used in daily life. Second, the responses concerning the reason why plastics can be used commonly were divided into 2 categories with 14 sub-level groups. However relatively few preservice teachers mentioned regarding 'chemical stability' and 'conductivity', which are associated with the plastics' non-polar property. Third, it was found that 50 participants (30.1%) had 'Scientific conception (Sc)', 38 (22.9%) had 'Partial-scientific conception (Ps)', 66 (39.8%) had 'Misconception (Mc)', and 12 (7.2%) had 'No conception (Nc)' on the subject of the relative shapes of a water droplet. Fourth, the distribution patterns and the ratio of the preservice teachers' conception on the survey question 3 concerning the relative shapes of water surface were quite similar to those of the survey question 2. So it was concluded that overall understanding level of the preservice teachers was pretty low on the subjects of the relative polarities of the plastic, glass, and water as well as their interactions. Fifth, the distribution percentile of 'Sc'/'Ps'/'Mc'/'Nc' was not related with the gender but highly correlated with preservice teachers' academic field and their science subjects taken in high school. Based on the results from the study, some educational guidelines were suggested.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2012

As the demand for large-scale analysis of gene expression using DNA arrays increases, the importance of the surface characterization of DNA arrays has emerged. We compared the efficiency of molecular biological applications on solid-phases with different surface polarities to identify the most optimal conditions. We employed thiol-gold reactions for DNA immobilization on solid surfaces. The surface polarity was controlled by creating a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of mercaptohexanol or hepthanethiol, which create hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface properties, respectively. A hydrophilic environment was found to be much more favorable to solid-phase molecular biological manipulations. A SAM of mercaptoethanol had the highest affinity to DNA molecules in our experimetns and it showed greater efficiency in terms of DNA hybridization and polymerization. The optimal DNA concentration for immobilization was found to be 0.5 ${\mu}M$. The optimal reaction time for both thiolated DNA and matrix molecules was 10 min and for the polymerase reaction time was 150 min. Under these optimized conditions, molecular biology techniques including DNA hybridization, ligation, polymerization, PCR and multiplex PCR were shown to be feasible in solid-state conditions. We demonstrated from our present analysis the importance of surface polarity in solid-phase molecular biological applications. A hydrophilic SAM generated a far more favorable environment than hydrophobic SAM for solid-state molecular techniques. Our findings suggest that the conditions and methods identified here could be used for DNA-DNA hybridization applications such as DNA chips and for the further development of solid-phase genetic engineering applications that involve DNA-enzyme interactions.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2017

CBTC의 통신기술은 IEEE 802.11.x 표준을 사용하고 있으며 ISM밴드 대역중 하나인 2.4GHz를 사용하게 된다. 따라서 CBTC 철도 무선시스템으로서는 통신 지연, 통신 왜곡 및 정보 손실 등이 발생 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 ISM 대역중 908MHz 일정진폭을 갖는 직접 시퀀스 확산스펙트럼 송신기를 제안하였다. 성능 분석을 위해 주요파라미터인 아이 다이아그램과 scatter diagram을 고려하여 특성 분석을 하였다. 또한 국부발진 신호의 위상잡음 특성은 약 60dBc/Hz로서 기준신호와 비교 시 특성이 상당히 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 2차 국부 발진 신호의 기준 주파수 억압이 50dB이하가 됨을 알 수 있었다. 제안한 변조방법에서 보조신호는 양과 음의 발생확률을 균일하게 함으로써 출력스펙트럼에서의 선스펙트럼성분에 의한 간섭을 제거하였으며 비선형 증폭기를 통과한 후의 스펙트럼의 측대파의 재생율이 현저히 줄어들었음을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.1141-1145
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• 2014

3상유도전동기의 고정자 권선에 이상이 발생하면 직류 여자로 인한 권선 간 상호유도 응답에도 변화를 일으키므로 해당 특성을 전동기의 상태진단에 활용하는 것이 가능하다. 3상 평형 관계에 있는 고정자 권선 하나에 직류 전류를 흘릴 때 나머지 권선에서 유도되는 기전력은 항상 일치된 형태로 나타나며 이들 응답의 불일치 정도는 역으로 전동기의 이상 상태를 나타내는 척도가 된다. 과도 시 유도 기전력 간 불평형은 3상권선의 극성 결선에 오류가 있을 때 특히 크므로 기전력의 차동신호는 권선의 극성 판단 방법으로 활용하기에 적합하다. 본 연구에서는 직류 여자 신호와 이로 인한 나머지 권선에서의 유도전압 간 응답 관계를 전달함수로 나타내는 한편, 응답의 불일치 정도를 가리키는 차동 신호 전압을 멀티테스터로 측정하는 실험을 통해 권선 극성의 이상여부를 현장에서 용이하게 판단할 수 있는지를 확인하는 한편 교류여자의 경우도 함께 살펴보기로 한다.

• 복식
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• 제37권
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• pp.71-88
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• 1998

This study will analyze the aesthetic qual-ities revealed in the work of Vivienne Wes-twood in order to gain an understanding of the development process and uniqueness of modern avant-garde fashion. Westwood gained worldwide recognition in the 1970s as the Punk movement emerged in London. Although her works have often been described as decadent and anti-establishment, her anarchic view of fashion has had a considerable influence on other designers, both in England and around the world. Vivienne Westwood's works can be divided into three periods. In the first period(1971∼78). Westwood design demonstrated elements which were variations of the subcultural Punk style. The noteworthy designs of this period included ripped T-shirts, bondage clothes, and fetishist accoutrements. In the second period(1979∼83), her designs expressed elements from ethnic and primitive tribal societies through the 'Pirate', 'Savages', 'Buffalo Girls', 'Witches' collections, which inspired New Romanticism movement. In the third period (1985∼ ), through works such as 'Mini-Crini'collection, her works identified elements from the old west and used materials such as crinoline and Harris tweed and contemporized them by rearranging the innovative technique. In the end the news synthesis helped formulate new ideas. The aesthetic qualities in Vivienne Wes-twood's works can bed identified with the following themes : Punkature, Erotic Intelligent-sia, Anarchic Collage. First, within Punkature, Westwood's ideas are at the forefront as her impact on the cut of clothes and creative detailing have been considerable. Also, while her ideas can be extreme, her clothes are wear-able, resulting in the synthesis of Punk and couture. Second, as Erotic Intelligentsia, Vivienne Westwood does not present sexuality as a straight forward attribute that fashion so often tends to do, but instead as a matter for inquiry, exploration and debate. She asserts that sexuality is always an interplay between the polarities of masculine and feminine, of dress and undress. Third, as Anarchic Collage, she has taken, juxtaposed, and transformed objects and symbols from dominant culture, like every modern subversive movement from Dada to Punk. She has continued this form of anarchic collage, mixing styles from various times and places, taking them out of their traditional context. From thiss viewpoint, Vivienne Westwood's works can be considered to be made up of past themes merged with is contemporary. The usage of contrasting elements such as Punk and couture to communicate her ideas visually or technically.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.52.1-52.1
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• 2018

We investigate initial Fe/O enhancements for 44 large gradual solar energetic particles events from 2010 to 2014 and examine the associations of the Fe/O enhancements with the structures of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). For this study, we use STEREO SIT Fe and O data in 0.32-0.45 MeV channel as well as ACE ULEIS Fe and O data in 0.32-0.64 MeV channel. We determine 1) the magnetic polarities of the SEP source regions using the potential field source surface (PFSS) model of the coronal field and 2) the spacecraft magnetic footpoints with Parker spiral approximation of interplanetary magnetic field using the in-situ measurements of STEREO and ACE. We find that 29 out of 44 events have initial Fe/O enhanced more than 5 times of the typical gradual event values. In the 6 events, the enhancements are simultaneously observed by two spacecraft. There is a tendency that the high Fe/O enhancements are observed near SEP source regions. It is also noted that the Fe/O enhancements are associated with the polarity of the magnetic footpoints. The high Fe/O enhancements are usually observed where their footpoints lie in the same polarity regions of SEP sources rather than the opposite polarity regions. Although Fe/O enhancements could be due to a transport effect and/or a flare contribution, our result implies that the structure of HCS is likely to affect particle propagations in the interplanetary space.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.871-879
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• 2010

본 논문은 뉴스 기사의 댓글에 대한 사용자의 감정을 분류하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 댓글의 문서 분류 시스템으로 기계학습에 기반을 두고 있다. 댓글은 일반적인 문서와 달리 본문을 가지고 있으며 본문의 내용이 독자의 감정에 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 댓글의 특성과 여러 가지 자원을 이용하여 감정 분류를 위한 자질을 제안하고 이들의 가중치 설정 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통해 이러한 가중치 설정 방법이 한글 뉴스의 댓글에 대한 감정을 분류하는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 댓글과 같이 많은 오류를 포함하는 문서에 대해서 문자 단위의 2음절과 3음절 자질도 충분히 이용 가치가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후에 뉴스 기사의 댓글뿐 아니라 상품 댓글 등 일반적인 감정 분석에 적용할 계획이다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2001

Effect of the north (N) or south pole (S) of a magnet and dithiothreitol (DTT) or heparin sodium (H) on the orientation of bull sperm were studied. Sperm were collected from four Japanese Black bulls of Okinawa Prefectural Livestock Experimental Station were treated with various concentrations of DTT or H during the first and sixth days and were then exposed them to N or S with a magnetic field of 3,000 Gauss for 24 hours. Experimental results showed that both N and S significantly increased the perpendicular oriented percentage of bull sperm in most treatments not treated or treated with DTT or H. Anisotropy of magnetic field of bull sperm was the main cause which induced them to orient perpendicular to the magnetic direction. The results of the experiment also showed that, in most cases, the two polarities had the same effect on the orientation of bull sperm. However, in some cases, N exerted a stronger effect on the perpendicular percentage of bull sperm than S, such as with the 20 mM DTT treatment at the first and sixth days and the 100 units H treatment at the sixth day. These cases showed that the perpendicular oriented percentage of bull sperm at N was significantly higher than that of S. It was only the 100 units heparin treatment at S both at the first and sixth days that upward perpendicular orientation was higher than that at N. This might be due to the fact that protamin-DNA structure of a small number of bull sperm nuclei slightly changed because of heparin action.