• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• 제15권
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• pp.33-57
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• 2001

Although the parties did not expressly incorporate Incoterms into their contracts, Incoterms which have reflected a generally authorized principles and custom might be a part of sale contract. As indication of Introduction in Incoterms 2000, although the D-terms are different in nature from the C-terms, since the seller according to the D-terms is responsible for the arrival of the goods at the agreed place or point of destination at the border or within the country of import. Therefore, according to importance of Incoterms, although Incoterms 2000 have been revised in line with the most current commercial practice, because mentioned problems in this paper can be raised, they must be revised through Introduction, Rules or Guide Book of Incoterms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.566-571
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• 1988

Laser scanning system using a hologram is simpler in optical system, lower in cost than using a polygon. In this paper, a thick hologram is fabricated for the underfilled transmission disk type with a merit of wabble insensitivity to vibration. High diffraction efficiency over 50% is obtained using silver halide recording material. The two-dimensional scan pattern with 13 scan-line is made by 7-facet hologon and mirror system. This system can be practically applied to POS(Point of Sale) bar-code symbol reader.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2013년도 제47차 동계학술대회논문집 21권1호
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• pp.191-193
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 기존의 POS정보시스템을 이용하는 소형프랜차이즈 업체의 원가관리시스템을 개발하기 위해 표준화된 데이터모델을 개발하고, 사용하기 용이한 UI개발하는 방법론을 제안한다. 표준화된 데이터모델 개발을 통해 redundancy 없는 시스템을 개발하고 운영함으로써 개발 비용을 줄일 수 있으며, 사용하기 편리한 화면은 소형프랜차이즈 업체들의 이용성을 높일 수 있을 것이다. 가맹본사에서는 가맹점별 원가관리를 분석하여 가맹본사와 가맹점들은 투명한 점포경영이 가능하게 될 것이다.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.147-175
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• 2014

In contracts for the international sale of goods, a seller must deliver appropriate goods and hand over relevant documents according to a contract, which will transfer the ownership of the goods to a buyer. In this case, if there are defects in the contracted goods, the warranty liability will occur. However, in the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG), a term-the conformity of the goods to the contract-is used universally instead of the warranty. According to the CISG, a seller must deliver goods in conformance with the relevant contract in terms of quantity, quality, and specifications, and they must be contained in vessels or in packages according to the specifications in the contract. In addition, a certain set of requirements for conformity will be applied implicitly except when there is a separate agreement between parties. Further, the base period of conformity concerning the defects of goods is the point when the risk is transferred to the buyer. A seller shall be obliged to deliver goods that do not belong to a third party or subject to a claim then, and such obligations shall affect the right or claim of a third party to some extent based on intellectual property rights clauses. If the goods delivered by the seller lack conformity, or incur right infringement or claim of a third party, then it shall be regarded as a default item per the obligation of the seller. Thus, the buyer can exercise diverse means of relief as specified in Chapter 2, Section 3 (Article 45-Article 52) of the CISG. However, such means of relief have been utilized in various ways for individual cases as shown in judicial precedents made until now. Contracting parties shall thus keep in mind that it is best for them to make every contract airtight and they should implement each contract thoroughly and faithfully to cope with any possible occurrence of a commercial dispute.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.119-147
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• 1999

This article is subject to the rationalization of the cold-storage warehouse management, which gives the stabilization of the fishery production and the food life with respect to fisheries industry. In this point of view, the article examines to the structure of the cold-storage warehouse industry from the perspective of the industrial organization. To put it concretely, the article intends to apprehend the state of the structure of the industry and analyze the cold-storage warehouse's management activities. In addition, I try to find know the factors that affect the management performance(profitablity) of the industry through the cross-sectional correlation analysis. Finally, the conclusion of the article can be described as follows : \circled1 On the basis of the cold-storage capacity, there is the tendency that the industry concentrate in the area of Pusan(41.7%). \circled2 By formulating step of development of the industry, it is divided by six types. Type I is designed as raw material-storage warehouse for self-processing. Type IIis the raw material-storage warehouse for self-processing and storage-sale warehouse. Type III is the raw material-storage warehouse for self.distribution. Type IV is the raw material-storage warehouse for self-distribution and storage-sale warehouse. Type V is the net storage-sale warehouse. Type Ⅵ is the physical distribution center warehouse. Although each region has one representative type,6 types exist in all regions. \circled3 The competition structure of the industry has double structure on the basis of cold-storage capacity. \circled4 With respect to the management activity of the cold-storage warehouse, there is no change or even a decrease not increasing or not any change in sales from 1996 to 1997 \circled5 In order to try to induce the amount of shipper's materials, services that a cold-storage warehouse supply with its users include a custody-fee discount, a distribution-process service, a finance service, quality management service and so on. One of the best attractive services is the custody-fee service. \circled6 In the structure and management activity of the industry, the factors that affect management performance (profitablity) are a custody-fee discount, sales ability and capital structure of individual firm. Positive factor is sales ability and capital structure of individual firm. But, The custody-fee discount turns out to be a negative capital structure of individual film.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.45-50
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• 2008

At this point, the Pan-Korea Grand Waterway (PKGW) has negative views and various complicated problems, but the government chose PKGW as important project for having a benefit in physical distribution, tourism, aggregate sale and new employment as well as in view of disaster prevention, flood control, irrigation. The government makes special laws for PKGW in evaluating environment effect and the safety of existing facilities and considers countermeasures for the rehabilitation, movement and redevelopment of facilities by related company and specialist. From analyzing and investigating the collective results in detail and in stages, the PKGW is the best choice by which korea engineers can hand over pleasant and beautiful korea to next generation in world.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 한국정보처리학회 2012년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.961-964
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• 2012

NFC(Near Field Communication)는 10cm 이내의 거리에서 무선기기 간의 통신을 가능케 해주는 기술로 13.56 Mhz RF(Radio Frequency) 주파수 대역을 이용한 비접촉식 근거리 무선통신의 한 종류이다. 올해 출시되는 대부분의 스마트 폰에서 NFC 기능을 탑재하며, NFC기반의 모바일 결제 서비스가 가장 유망한 결제 방식으로 주목 받고 있다. 소비자는 NFC 모바일 단말기를 가지고 판매자의 POS(Point of Sale) 단말기와 근접 통신을 통해 결제를 진행하는 방식으로 다른 무선 통신 방식 (RFID, Bluetooth 등)보다 보안 취약성이 높지 않지만, 기존의 RFID 환경에서 일어날 수 있는 기술적 취약점과 비슷한 유형의 위협이 충분히 발생할 수 있으므로 유효한 보안 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문은 안전한 NFC 모바일 결제 환경을 구축하기 위한 공개키 알고리즘인 타원곡선 암호ECC(Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem)를 적용한 Bilinear Pairing을 활용해서 효율적이고 보안성도 강력한 인증 메커니즘을 제안한다.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.55-77
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• 2005

Recently the environment which besieges distribution system is changing suddenly. With opening the distribution market together the advanced various nations new multinational discount stores are introduced and the competition from this market is growing in intensity. Like this change is raising the recognition of the enterprises against the strategy importance of the distribution channel. Consequently, from under competing which is deepened from the hazard where the discount point industry exists what, it will not be able to do the customer-oriented management which it sees. To lead a customer satisfaction finally and it is important to put out. As only low price standing sale it will not be able to create a competitive advantage and raising the quality also it is demanded with the diversification of product assortment together. It does a customer loyalty degree further firmly and compared to the long-range strategy is necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.376-383
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• 2019

In recent decades, China's economy has grown rapidly and two-dimensional bar code-based payments services have been activated. This is a model that will be introduced by developing countries that lack mobile payment infrastructure, and countries that are looking to leap into cashless societies are also drawing attention. Along with this, the existing CRM market is expanding around the mobile device called m-CRM, and research is active on the importance of collective use for online advertising and two-dimensional bar code-based payments services. Therefore, through this study, we have explored the concepts and status of online advertising and customer relationship management which using the two-dimensional bar code-based system, and designed and implemented the method and mobile application system to effectively disseminate transactional advertising information at the point of sale or at the point of share. We also presented an application approach to look at the direction of two-dimensional bar code-based ads contents sharing system and its development.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

Since IMF relief financing, domestic economy has been rapidly cooled down. At this point that we predict an overall decrease of production and sale of industries, cooperative marketing activities of the whole dairy industry are required to promote milk consumption. As everyone knows, advertisement is only one of the various factors that affect sales. Other factors include price, distribution, package, promotion, and consumer's needs and taste. The objectives of the cooperative advertising campaign should be trial purchase of new consumers, maintenance of brand loyalty of existing consumers, more positive experience of using the product, and increase of frequency of purchase. Long term analysis is essential to making these kinds of behaviour changes. Also the objectives of the communication program should be a shift of awareness of milk from 'a basic health food for children' to a substitute to the beverage even for adults. To share database of consumers among companies, we need to find ways to use interactive on-line services, the internet, D.M. events and so on as well as the mass media. It should be a precondition that the main body of the cooperative advertisement includes the milk processing board, dairy companies, livestock cooperations, farmers and the Government. To assure continuous, activities to promote milk consumption, the Government should take the lead in legislating 'An enforcement ordinance for milk promotion and research', and seek complementary measures and support to establish the ordinance.