• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to apply the new agricultural technique developed for three years($'96{\sim}'98$) by demonstration at an model farm of environmental agriculture located in Bangsan-ri, Dagang-myun, Namwon-city. Rice growth of environmental farming plot, which supplied with oil cake and compost fermented with chicken manure was reduced compared to that of conventional farming plot, which supplied with chemical fertilizers. Weed control by using of Ampullarius insularus in the rice paddy field was effective compared to that of control, which treated with chemical herbicide twice. The yield of rice was decreased of 35% in both environmental and eclectic farming polt compared to that of conventional farming plot. The water quality of environmental not and eclectic farming plot were good compared to conventional farming plot. Density of water flea was high in environmental and eclectic farming plot compared to that of the conventional farming plot.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1291-1300
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• 2017

In the high-dimensional data, the number of variables is very larger than the number of observations. In this case, the impact of influential observations on regression coefficient estimates can be very large. Jang and Anderson-Cook (2017) suggested the LASSO influence plot. In this paper, we propose the LASSO influence plot, LASSO variable selection ranking plot, and three-dimensional LASSO influence plot as graphical methods for evaluating the impact of influential observations in high-dimensional data. With real two high-dimensional data examples, we apply these graphical methods as the regression diagnostics tools for finding influential observations. It has been found that we can obtain influential observations with by these graphical methods.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.2983-2988
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• 2013

Second-order rate constants ($k_N$) have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl X-substituted-benzoates (1a-1h) with a series of cyclic secondary amines in 80 mol % $H_2O$/20 mol % DMSO at $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. The Hammett plot for the reactions of 1a-1h with piperidine consists of two intersecting straight lines, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plot exhibits an excellent linear correlation with ${\rho}_X $ = 1.25 and r = 0.58, indicating that the nonlinear Hammett plot is not due to a change in the rate-determining step (RDS) but is caused by ground-state stabilization through resonance interactions for substrates possessing an electron-withdrawing group in the benzoyl moiety. The Br${\o}$nsted-type plot for the reactions of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl benzoate (1d) with a series of cyclic secondary amines curves downward with ${\beta}_2$ = 0.85, ${\beta}_1$ = 0.24, and $pK_a{^o}$ = 10.5, implying that a change in RDS occurs from the $k_2$ step to the $k_1$ process as the $pK_a$ of the conjugate acid of the amine exceeds 10.5. Dissection of $k_N$ into the microscopic rate constants $k_1$ and $k_2/k_{-1}$ ratio associated with the reaction of 1d reveals that $k_2$ is dependent on the amine basicity, which is contrary to generally held views.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of 3-year-old ginseng (for Samgyetang product) cultured by various seeding density in direct-sowing culture. Ginsengs were cultured by the seeding density, 275, 300, 330 352 and 396 seeds per Kan, $180{\times}90cm$ area. Survived rate (82.1%) were the highest in plot of 352 seeds sowed, length and leaf width were high in plot of 300 and 352 seeds. Root yield grain was increased with increase of the seeding density in direct-sowing culture except 352 seeds sowed. Average root weight and diameter were the highest in plot of 352 seeds sowed, 31.6 g and 18.4 mm, respectively. Crude saponin and each ginsenosides content were the highest in plot of 275 seeds sowed. Rg1 content was decreased, Rc and Rb2 content were increased with increase of the seeding density. Total soluble sugar content was the highest in plot of 330 seeds sowed and the lowest in plot of 396 seeds sowed, and oligo- and disaccaride content were high in plot of 330 and 352 seeds sowed. Reological characteristics of ginsengs cultivated according to various seeding density, hardness and springness were high and maximum fracture force was low with decrease of the seeding quantity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.54-65
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• 1979

To investigate the feeding value of the concentrated feedstuff including the Korean ginseng meal instead of wheat bran, Holstein milk cows were fed by this feedstuff (10kg/day) for 80 days, and the amounts of milk production and quality of milk were checked. The results are as follows: 1. Milk production of cows fed by the concentrated feedstuff including the ginseng meal was increased as averaged as 1.25kg/day compared with those of controlled cows during same period(SA) and before feeding treatment (SB). Significant different of milk production was found between cows treated and cows of SB plot, but there was no significant difference of milk production between cows treated and cows of SA plot. 2. Milk fat content was significantly increased as moth as 0.22%, 0.69% and 0.455% by the feeding of ginseng meal compared with that of SB Plat and that of SA Plot, and as average value, respectively. 3. Solid not fat (SNF) of milk from cows fed by the ginseng meal was also significantly increased as much as 0.845%, 1.339% and 1.0925 tempered with these of cows before treatment (SB) and cows controlled (SA), and as average value, respectively. 4. Specific gravity of milk produced from cows treated was higher as average as 0.0055 than those of controlled plots (SA and SB). Significant difference of specific gravity was found between cows treated and cows of SA plot, but there was no significant difference between tows treated and cods of SB plot. 5. Acidity of milk produced from cows treated was lower as averaged as 0.0045 than those of controlled plots (SA and SB). Significant difference between cows treated and cows of SA plot was found, but there was no significant difference between cows treated and cows treated and cows of SB plot.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 1970

This experiment was undertaken to examine the injurious environment conditions for occuring of the virus disease, grasserie and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis in rearing of silk worms, to observe of cytoplsamic polyhedrosis diseased silkworms with histological preparation and to define the virus origin on the gattine and the disease of shrinked form after moulting (Okichijimi). The results obtained are as follows. 1) The grasserie in spring season rearing was remarkably infected in highly percent with 20.1 % in high temperature condition during 3rd to 4th instar, the high temperature during 1st to 2nd instar and 5th instar in 16.5% and 16.3%, respectively. In the fall season rearing, the disease was infected by the feeding of soft leaves plot in 5.3% and 4.8%, respectively with significant difference in 5% level, accordingly, it was thought to the nutritional condition is a factor in occuring of the disease. 2) In spring season rearing, the number ofl infected silk worms of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis was increased in the high temperautre and high humidity conditions, and in fall season rearing, order of the low temperature and high humidity plot, first feeding plot and feeded with hard leaves plot were found insome high infected ratio of the disease than control plot. 3) The occuring of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis was observed even in control rearing plot with the examining of anatomical and histological preparation in spring and fall. 4) It was found that the high diseased ratio of the gattine and disease of shrinked form after moulting in 21.8% of control and 93.2% in feeded with inocylated plot in the biosassay of inoculum. It was defined as a virus flacherie acoording to the Danaka and Shimizu's examine method.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.340-350
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to find out the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission and changes of soil carbon contents in the cropland. In order to minimize the soil disturbance, this study was conducted without crop cultivation at the pots treated with different biomass. Different biomass was buried in the soil for 12 months. Decomposition rates of expander rice hull, pig manure compost and carbonized rice hull were 18%, 11~11.5% and 0.5~1.2%, respectively. It was appeared that carbonized rice hull was slightly decomposed. No difference was shown between chemical fertilizer treatment plot and non-application plot. It was appeared that soil carbon content in the non chemical fertilizer application plot was high when compared to its chemical fertilizer. Its content at soil depth of 20 cm more decreased than the upper layer of soil. Accumulative emission of $CO_2$ with different treatments of biomass was highest of 829.0~876.6 g $CO_2m^{-2}$ in the application plot of PMC (Pig Manure Compost) regardless of chemical fertilizer treatment during 16 months of experiment. However, the emission for expander rice hull treatment plot was lowest of 672.3~808.1 g $CO_2m^{-2}$. For application plot of the carbonized rice hull, it was shown that non chemical fertilizer plot, 304.1 mg $N_2Om^{-2}$, was higher than the chemical fertilizer treatment, 271.6 mg $N_2Om^{-2}$. Greenhouse gas emissions in the PMC treatment were highest of 0.94 ton $CO_2eqha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. However, it was estimated to be the lowest in the expander rice hull treatment.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.809-837
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• 2012

Philip Roth rejects the narrative unity and singularity of the traditional novel and creates instead a multi-levelled, fragmentary, and repetitive narrative. It is not easy to distinguish fact from fiction in The Plot Against America. As an entertaining and creative work of the postmodern historiographic metafiction, Philip Roth's The Plot Against America interrogates the existence of historically verifiable facts, the validity of authentic and official version of history, and reexamines the narrative conventions of history writing. The aim of this paper is to examine Roth's narrative experiment or 'thought experiment' and to explore the intention of creating alternative history in The Plot Against America. Roth does a 'thought experiment' in The Plot Against America. In this cautionary "what if" political fable, Roth hypothesizes that in 1940 aviation hero Charles Lindbergh, an ardent isolationist who was sympathetic to Hiltler, won the presidency. Jewish communities are stunned and terrified as America flirts with fascism and anti-semitism. Reimagining his children-with considerable fact mixed in with the fiction-Roth narrates an alternative history that has an unsettling plausibility. Roth has constructed a brilliantly telling and disturbing historical prism by which to refract the American psyche as it pertain to the discord of individual, race, history in The Plot Against America. Roth analyzes the life of individual in a historic space, the situation of anti-semitism in world of invisible order, racial conflict between black and white in world of visible order, and the darkest side of national power in this work. Roth's stories argue for the equality of various cultures grounded on the common notion of humanity, for an ethic of mutual respect, and for the peaceful resolution of conflicts.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1534-1548
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• 1969

This experiment was conducted, making use of the 'NONG-RIM6' arecommended variety of rice for the year of 1968. Main purposes of the experiment are to explore possibilities of; a) ways and means of saving irringation water and, b) overcoming drought at the same time so that an increased yield in rice could be resulted in. Specifically, it was tried to determine the effects of the Rotation irrigation method combined with differentiated thickness of lining upon the growth and yield of rice. Some of the major findings are summarized in the following. 1) The different thicknesses show a significant relationship with the weight of 1,000 grains. In the case of 9cm lined plot, the grain weight is 23.5grams, the heaviest. Next in order is 3cm lined plot, 6cm lined plot, control plot, and wheat straw lined-plot. 2) In rice yield, it is found that there is a considerably moderate significant relationship with both the different thickness of lining and the number of irrigation, as shown in the table. 3) There is little or no difference among different plots in terms of a) physical and chemical properties of soil, b) quality of irrigation water, c) climatic conditions, and rainfalls. 4) It is found that there is a significant relationship between differences in the method of rotation irrigation and the number of ears per hill. The plot irrigated at an interval of 7 days shows 17.4 ears and plot irrigated at an interval of 6 days, 16.3 5) In vinyl-treated plots, it is shown that both yield and component elements are greatest in the case of the plot ith whole of $3cm/m^2$ Next in order are the plot with a hole of $2cm/m^2$ the plot with a hole of $1cm/m^2$ In the case of the plot with no hole it is found that both yield and component elements are decreased as compared to the control plot. 6) The irrigation water reqirement is measured for the actual irrigation days of 72 which are the number subtracted the days of rainfall of 30 from the total irrigation days of 102. It is found that the irrigation water requirement for the uncontrol plot is 1,590mm as compared to 876mm(44.9% saved) for the 9cm-lined plot, 959mm(39.7% saved) for the 6cm-lined plot 1,010mm(36% saved) for the 3cm-lined plot and 1,082mm(32% saved) for the wheat straw lined plot. In the case of the Rotation irrigation method it is found that the water requirement for the plot irrigated at an interval of 8 days is 538mm(65% saved), as compared to 617mm(61.6% saved) for plot irrigated at an interval of 7 day 672mm(57.7% saved) for plot irrigated at an interval of 6day, 746mm(53.0% saved) for the plot irrigated at an interval of 5 days, 890mm 44.0% saved) for the plot irrigated at an interval of 4 days, and 975mm(38.6% saved) for the plot irrigated at an interval of 3 days. 7) The rate of evapotranspiration is found 2.8 around the end of month of July, as compared to 2.6 at the begining of August 3.4 around the end of August and 2.6 at the begining of August 3.4 around the end of August and 2.6 at the begining of September. 8) It is found that the saturation quantity of 30mm per day is decreased to 20mm per day though the use of vinyl covering. 9) The husking rate shows 75 per cent which is considered better.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.162-166
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• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate effects of planting densities ($60{\times}5cm$, $60{\times}10cm$, $60{\times}15cm$) and PE mulching (polyethylene film mulching, non- mulching) on growth and yield of foxtail millet in drained paddy field for 2 years. In PE plots, culm length, culm diameter and fresh weight were higher than control plot. Additionally, spike length, seed weight per hill and thousand seed weight were also higher in PE plot. The yield of foxtail millet were increased with 104% and 112% at PE plot. Culm diameter was highest at $60{\times}15cm$ plot with 8.90 and 8.06 mm, however, culm length was highest at $60{\times}5cm$ plot with 130, 142 cm in $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, respectively. Plant height was higher by the increase of planting density. As plant density decreased, that spike length and seed weight per hill were increased. Yield of planting density were highest at $60{\times}10cm$ plot $298kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$, $436kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ yearly, respectively that it were in order of $60{\times}10cm$ plot > $60{\times}5cm$ plot > $60{\times}15cm$ plot.