• Title/Summary/Keyword: plastics

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Measurement of the Size Distribution of Smoke Particles with Plastic Types Under Various Fire Conditions (다양한 화재조건에서 플라스틱 종류에 따른 연기입자의 크기분포 변화 측정)

  • Goo, Jaehark;Hwang, Cheol-Hong
    • Fire Science and Engineering
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.8-15
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    • 2017

  • Most fire victims succumb to smoke inhalation, and fire smoke toxicity from interior materials is increasing with increased use of plastics. Large amounts of hazardous effects of smoke are related to deposition of smoke particles in respiratory tracts, and deposition characteristics are influenced by size distribution of particles. Thus, it is essential to know the size distribution of smoke particles from plastics for hazard analysis of fire smoke. In a recent study, it has been shown that size distributions of smoke particles from PP are different from wood in many aspects. In order to know whether other plastics show the same characteristics as PP, size distributions of smoke particles from four plastic materials (LDPE, PA66, PMMA, and PVC) were measured in real time under each fire type with various temperature and oxygen supply. In this study, smoke particles from different plastics were generated uniformly by using steady-state tube furnace method provided in ISO/TS 19700. Their size distributions were measured by using an electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI). Results of measurements showed that size distributions of smoke particles from these four plastic materials were similar to those from PP in many aspects. However, they were distinctively different from those of wood.

  • https://doi.org/10.7731/KIFSE.2017.31.6.008 인용 PDF KSCI HTML

Study on the Correlation between Air Emission Gas and Alternative Fuels Used in Cement Sintering Process (시멘트 소성공정에 사용된 대체연료와 대기배출가스간 상관관계 연구)

  • Choi, Jaewon;Baek, Ju-Ik;Kwon, Sang-Jin;Won, Pil-Sung;Kang, Bong-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.286-293
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    • 2020

  • In this study, we tried to verify the correlation of the amount of combustible industrial by-products, household waste used as fuels on cement sintering process and the amount of NOx, and CO, harmful components in the exhaust gas. The analysis uses coal as natural fuel, soft plastics (plastics with properties that tend to be scattered by wind, such as vinyls), hard plastics (plastics with properties that are not scattered by wind, such as PETs, wate rubbers), and reclaimed oils as alternative fuels. Utilizing the response surface analysis (RSM) technique using the process data of 2019, such as the fuel input and combustion temperature of a domestic A cement manufacturer's sintering facilities as independent variables, and the NOx, and CO emissions to the stack as dependent variables. Correlation was analyzed. As a result, it was confirmed that the impact on the emission material differs for each waste. In particular, it was analyzed that the hard plastics increase the CO emission but have an excellent effect of reducing NOx.

  • https://doi.org/10.14190/JRCR.2020.8.3.286 인용 PDF KSCI

Evaluation of the Smoke Characteristics of Some Plastics in an Enclosed Compartment (밀폐된 구획 내 일부 플라스틱류의 연기 특성 평가)

  • Ji-Sun You;Kyeong-Sin Kang;Jae-Sung Lee;Yeong-Jin Chung
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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    • v.34 no.4
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    • pp.421-425
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    • 2023

  • The smoke properties of some plastics were investigated, including polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyacetal. For smoke density, related values of static smoke characteristics were measured using a smoke density tester according to ISO 5659-2. In addition, combustion with and without flame was measured independently. Under the condition of radiant heat of 50 kW/m2 using the flame method, the measured value of the maximum specific optical density (Dm) of smoke showed the lowest value for PMMA (401.26) and the highest value for PVC (1345.04). In addition, PMMA (262.82) was the lowest and PVC (1385.43) was the highest in the measured Dm of smoke under the condition of radiant heat of 50 kW/m2 in the non-flame method. Smoke generation during combustion of the object is significantly affected by the radiant heat flux, and carbonizable plastics showed a higher amount of smoke than non-carbonizable plastics during combustion. Polymers with aromatic groups in the main polymer chain generated a large amount of smoke because a large amount of char was generated due to thermal decomposition.

  • https://doi.org/10.14478/ace.2023.1056 인용 PDF