• 제목/요약/키워드: plastic energy

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얇은 필름 형태의 베타선 측정용 플라스틱 섬광검출기 제조 (Preparation of a thin film type of plastic scintillation detector for beta-ray detection)

  • 서범경;김계홍;우주희;오원진;이근우;한명진
    • 분석과학
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.495-499
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    • 2005
  • 방사선에 대한 거부감에도 불구하고 RT(radiation technology)의 발전과 더불어 이용량뿐만 아니라 적용분야도 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이러한 방사선을 안전하게 관리하기 위해서는 방사선 측정 소재의 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 표면오염 측정용 장비의 소재로 주로 이용되고 있는 얇은 필름 형태의 플라스틱 검출기를 제조하였다. 플라스틱 유기섬광체는 다양한 형상으로 쉽게 제조가 가능하고 제조 방법이 간단한 용매법을 이용하였다. 이러한 용매법을 이용하기 위해서 높은 투명도를 지니면서 용매에 쉽게 녹을 수 있는 고분자 소재인 폴리설폰을 선정하여 제조하였으며, 방사선 측정용 섬광체로서 광학적 특성 및 방사선 검출 등을 평가하였다.

Comparison of Machine Learning-Based Radioisotope Identifiers for Plastic Scintillation Detector

  • Jeon, Byoungil;Kim, Jongyul;Yu, Yonggyun;Moon, Myungkook
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.204-212
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    • 2021
  • Background: Identification of radioisotopes for plastic scintillation detectors is challenging because their spectra have poor energy resolutions and lack photo peaks. To overcome this weakness, many researchers have conducted radioisotope identification studies using machine learning algorithms; however, the effect of data normalization on radioisotope identification has not been addressed yet. Furthermore, studies on machine learning-based radioisotope identifiers for plastic scintillation detectors are limited. Materials and Methods: In this study, machine learning-based radioisotope identifiers were implemented, and their performances according to data normalization methods were compared. Eight classes of radioisotopes consisting of combinations of 22Na, 60Co, and 137Cs, and the background, were defined. The training set was generated by the random sampling technique based on probabilistic density functions acquired by experiments and simulations, and test set was acquired by experiments. Support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), and convolutional neural network (CNN) were implemented as radioisotope identifiers with six data normalization methods, and trained using the generated training set. Results and Discussion: The implemented identifiers were evaluated by test sets acquired by experiments with and without gain shifts to confirm the robustness of the identifiers against the gain shift effect. Among the three machine learning-based radioisotope identifiers, prediction accuracy followed the order SVM > ANN > CNN, while the training time followed the order SVM > ANN > CNN. Conclusion: The prediction accuracy for the combined test sets was highest with the SVM. The CNN exhibited a minimum variation in prediction accuracy for each class, even though it had the lowest prediction accuracy for the combined test sets among three identifiers. The SVM exhibited the highest prediction accuracy for the combined test sets, and its training time was the shortest among three identifiers.

Progressive collapse analysis of steel frame structure based on the energy principle

  • Chen, Chang Hong;Zhu, Yan Fei;Yao, Yao;Huang, Ying
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.553-571
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    • 2016
  • The progressive collapse potential of steel moment framed structures due to abrupt removal of a column is investigated based on the energy principle. Based on the changes of component's internal energy, this paper analyzes structural member's sensitivity to abrupt removal of a column to determine a sub-structure resisting progressive collapse. An energy-based structural damage index is defined to judge whether progressive collapse occurs in a structure. Then, a simplified beam damage model is proposed to analyze the energies absorbed and dissipated by structural beams at large deflections, and a simplified modified plastic hinges model is developed to consider catenary action in beams. In addition, the correlation between bending moment and axial force in a beam during the whole deformation development process is analyzed and modified, which shows good agreement with the experimental results.

A Study on the Greenhouse Water Curtain System: Heat Transfer Characteristics

  • 손원명;한길영
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제32권E호
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    • pp.80-87
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    • 1990
  • Energy balance equations Were developed to describe the heat transfer mechanisms in a double layer plastic greenhouse with a water curtain system. Heat transfer variables were determined by using various temperature data measured in a conventional prototype semicircular cross-section greenhouse over a range of water temperatures and water flow rates. The heat transfer coefficient between flowing water and greenhouse air was independent of water flow rates. But the heat transfer coefficient between water surface and the stagnant air space within the double plastic layer was dependent on water flow rates. Substituting the heat transfer coefficients, determined from the energy balance equations in the heat transfer equations, demonstrated various relationships among ambient air temperature, greenhouse air temperature, water temperature, and water flow rates. The heating benefits were linearly related to not only the inside and outside air temperatures but also to the water temperature. The energy conservation effects of the water curtain system were found even initial water temperatures were considerably lower than the greenhouse setting temperatures. Sensitivity analysis for heat transfer coefficients demonstrated that the heat transfer coefficient between greenhouse air and the stagnant air within the plastic layers was the most significant coefficient in the estimation of heating effects.

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원형 프레넬 집광형 POF 주광 조명시스템 성능 평가 연구 (Circular Fresnel POF(Plastic Optical Fiber) Daylighting System Performance Evaluation Study)

  • 강은철;최용전;윤광식;이의준
    • 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.31-36
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    • 2011
  • CF(Circular Fresnel) POF(Plastic Optical Fiber) daylighting system is a beam daylighting system utilizing solar direct beam radiation. In this study, a CF POF daylighting system has been introduced, developed and applied to KIER test buildings. The CF POF daylighting system consists of three parts: light collector, light transmitter and light diffuser. The light collector includes a Circular Fresnel lens focusing solar direct illuminance by sun tracking. The light transmitter contains the POF cable which has light transmission loss of 4.5% per meter. The light diffuser has about 80% diffuser efficiency. This study aims to evaluate of POF daylighting system performance. At the results of a CFPOF system performance evaluation, the theoretical CFPOF system efficiency was 41.9% and the actual CFPOF system efficiency at the KIER test building was 37.5%. The difference was due partly to the connecting efficiency.

Poly(Urethane Acrylate) Siloxane Oligomer를 이용한 플라스틱 디스플레이 기판용 UV 하드코팅 용액의 합성 (A Synthesis of UV Hard Coating Solution for Plastic Display Plate Using Poly(Urethane Acrylate) Siloxane Oligomer)

  • 백성균;장선호;유성식;조을룡
    • 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.87-92
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    • 2017
  • Poly(urethane acrylate) siloxane oligomers with Interpenetrating polymer networked nanoparticles were prepared to synthesize hard coating solution by reaction with isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI) of 1, 2, 3, 4 phr. The structures and molecular weights of the synthesized solutions were characterized by IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography, respectively. In the cross-cut test for the adhesion, all the solutions showed good adhesion of 5B regardless of the content of IPDI and film thickness. The addition of 1 phr IPDI resulted in the best pencil hardness. The IPDI combined siloxane hard coating solution showed more flexibility than the siloxane solution. These results will yield the improvement in the siloxane solution using for plastic display plate.

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Non-equibiaxial residual stress evaluation methodology using simulated indentation behavior and machine learning

  • Seongin Moon;Minjae Choi;Seokmin Hong;Sung-Woo Kim;Minho Yoon
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제56권4호
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    • pp.1347-1356
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    • 2024
  • Measuring the residual stress in the components in nuclear power plants is crucial to their safety evaluation. The instrumented indentation technique is a minimally invasive approach that can be conveniently used to determine the residual stress in structural materials in service. Because the indentation behavior of a structure with residual stresses is closely related to the elastic-plastic behavior of the indented material, an accurate understanding of the elastic-plastic behavior of the material is essential for evaluation of the residual stresses in the structures. However, due to the analytical problems associated with solving the elastic-plastic behavior, empirical equations with limited applicability have been used. In the present study, the impact of the non-equibiaxial residual stress state on indentation behavior was investigated using finite element analysis. In addition, a new nonequibiaxial residual-stress prediction methodology is proposed using a convolutional neural network, and the performance was validated. A more accurate residual-stress measurement will be possible by applying the proposed residual-stress prediction methodology in the future.