• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2005년도 제31회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.64-68
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• 2005

Methane reforming processes to obtain hydrogen were investigated experimentally by using atmospheric plasma source. Among possible reforming processes, such as a $CO_2$ reforming(dry reforming), a partial oxidation (POx), a steam reforming(SR), and a steam reforming with oxygen(SRO or auto-thermal reforming), partial oxidation and the steam reforming with oxygen were considered. We choose a rotating arc plasma as an atmospheric plasma source, since it shows the best performances in our preliminary tests in terms of a methane conversion, a hydrogen production, and a power consumption. Then, the effects of a feeding flow-rate, an electrical power input to a plasma reaction, an $O_2/C$ ratio and a steam to carbon ratio in the case of SRO on the reforming characteristics were observed systematically. As results, at a certain condition almost 100% of methane conversion was obtained and we could achieve the same hydrogen production rate by consuming a half of electrical power which was used by the best results for other researchers.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

A reaction mechanism of methane partial oxidation, which consists of thermal and plasma chemistry reaction pathways, has been investigated using with an arc-jet reactor. The reaction zone of the arc-jet reactor is spatially separated into thermal and non-thermal plasma zone. Methane conversion rates, selectivity of $H_2$ and $C_2$ chemicals in each zone are obtained, which reveals clearly different characteristics of reaction pathways depending on the temperature conditions. The conversion rates obtained in thermal plasma zone is higher than those in non-thermal plasma zone. The selectivity, however, obtained in non-thermal plasma zone is significantly higher than those in thermal plasma zone. Further parametric study on $O_2/C$ ratio, arc length and SED shows that the present process is mainly governed by thermal chemistry pathways.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2892-2897
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• 2008

Plasma techniques have been proposed to generate a hydrogen enrich gas to investigate a feasibility of plasma techniques on a fuel reforming, we considered a dry reforming and a partial oxidation with methane in the atmospheric pressure. For these experiments, we employed an arc jet plasma reactor. The effects of input power and oxidizer in each process were investigated by product analysis, including carbon monoxide, hydrogen, ethylene, propane, and acetylene as well as methane and carbon dioxide. In both processes, input electrical power activated the reactions significantly. The increased ratio of the carbon dioxide to methane in the dry reforming doesn't affect to a methane conversion, whereas increased ratio of oxidizer to methane in the partial oxidation was very effective for the reaction. Moreover, for a simultaneous treatment of methane and carbon dioxide, a feasibility of a dry reforming combined with partial oxidation also has been investigated.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제32회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.144-148
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• 2006

Characteristics of a plasma reactor for partial oxidation of methane, especially focused on the role and effectiveness of plasma chemistry, is investigated. Partial oxidation of methane is investigated using a rotating arc which is a three dimensional version of a typical glidingarc. The rotating arc has both the characteristics of equilibrium and non-equilibrium plasma. Non-equilibrium characteristics of the rotating gliding arc can be increased by rotating an elongated arc string attached at both the tip of inner electrode and the edge of outer electrode. In this way, plasma chemistry can be enhanced and hydrogen selectivity can reach almost 100% that is much higher than thermal equilibrium condition. As a result, the present study enables the strategic approach of the plasma reforming process by means of appropriate reactor design to maximize plasma effect and resulting in maximized reaction efficiency.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2918-2922
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• 2007

This is a report of a feasibility study on the reduction of harmful substances such as particulate matters and nitric oxides emitted from diesel engines by using a plasma reforming system that can generate hydrogen-rich gas. In this paper, an exhaust reduction mechanism of the non-thermal plasma reaction was investigated to perform its efficiency and characteristics on producing hydrogen-rich gas. Firstly, we explain briefly the chemistry of hydrocarbon reforming. The experimental system is showed in the second part. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of producing hydrogen using non-thermal plasma. The experimental results are focused on the influence of the different operating parameters (air ratio, inlet flow rates, voltage) on the reformer efficiency and the composition of the produced gas.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.942-948
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• 2007

Popular techniques for producing hydrogen by converting methane include steam reforming and catalyst reforming. However, these are high temperature and high pressure processes limited by equipment, cost and difficulty of operation. Low temperature plasma is projected to be a technique that can be used to produce high concentration hydrogen from methane. It is suitable for miniaturization and fur application in other technologies. In this research, the effect of changing each of the following variables was studied using an AC GlidArc system that was conceived by the research team: the gas components ratio, the gas flow rate, the catalyst reactor temperature and voltage. Results were obtained for methane and hydrogen yields and intermediate products. The system used in this research consisted of 3 electrodes and an AC power source. In this study, air was added fur the partial oxidation reaction of methane. The result showed that as the gas flow rate, the catalyst reactor temperature and the electric power increased, the methane conversion rate and the hydrogen concentration also increased. With $O_2/C$ ratio of 0.45, input flow rate of 4.9 l/min and power supply of 1 kW as the reference condition, the methane conversion rate, the high hydrogen selectivity and the reformer energy density were 69.2%, 32.6% and 35.2% respectively.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2019

오늘날 세계 에너지 시장에서는 친환경 에너지의 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 수소 에너지는 미래의 청정에너지원이며 무공해 에너지원 중 하나이다. 특히 수소를 이용한 연료전지 방식은 재생에너지의 유연성을 높여주고 장기간 에너지 저장 및 변환이 가능해서 화석 자원의 사용에 따른 환경문제와 자원의 고갈로 인한 에너지 문제를 동시에 해결할 수 있는 방안으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 목적은 플라즈마를 이용하여 효율적으로 수소를 생산하는 방안으로, 온도에 따른 개질반응과 수율을 확인하여 DME(Di Methyl Ether)개질의 최적화 방안을 연구하는데 있다. 연구 방법은 2.45 GHz의 전자파플라즈마 토치를 사용하여 청정 연료인 DME를 개질하여 수소를 생산하고, 저온 조건($T3=1100^{\circ}C$), 저온 과산소 조건($T3=1100^{\circ}C$), 고온 조건($T3=1376^{\circ}C$)에서 가스화 분석을 진행하였다. 저온 가스화 분석을 통해 $1100^{\circ}C$ 근처에서는 불안정한 개질 반응으로 인해 메탄이 발생하는 현상을 확인하였고, 저온 과산소 가스화 분석은 저온 가스화 분석과 비교하였을 때 수소는 적으나 이산화탄소는 많은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 고온에서의 가스화 분석을 통해 $1200^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 메탄이 발생하지 않았고 약 $1150^{\circ}C$ 부터 메탄이 발생하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 개질반응시 온도가 높을수록 수소의 비율이 높아지나 CO 비율은 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나, 가스화기의 구조적인 문제로 인해 열손실과 개질의 문제가 발생함을 확인하였다. 향후 연구의 발전 방향으로는, 가스화기 개선을 통해 불완전한 연소를 줄여 높은 수율의 수소를 얻고 일산화탄소, 메탄과 같은 기체의 발생을 낮출 필요성이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 DME를 수증기 플라즈마 개질하여 수소를 생산하는 최적화 방안이, 향후 친환경, 신재생 에너지를 생산하는데 의미있는 기여를 할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

The reaction mechanism of methane dry reforming has been investigated using an arc-jet reactor. The effects of input power, $CO_2/CH_4$ and added $O_2$ were investigated by product analysis, including CO, $H_2$, $C_{2}H_{Y}$ and $C_{3}H_{Y}$ as well as $CH_4$ and $CO_2$. In the process, input electrical power activated the reactions between $CH_4$ and $CO_2$ significantly. The increased feed ratio of the $CO_2$ to $CH_4$ in the dry reforming does not affect to the $CH_4$ conversion. but we could observe increase in CO selectivity together with decreasing $H_2$ generation. Added oxygen can also increase not only CO selectivity but also $CH_4$ conversion. However, hydrogen selectivity was decreased significantly due to a increased $H_{2}O$ formation.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2007

Popular techniques for producing synthesis gas by converting methane include steam reforming and catalyst reforming. However, these are high temperature and high pressure processes limited by equipment, cost and difficulty of operation. Low temperature plasma is projected to be a technique that can be used to produce high concentration hydrogen from methane. It is suitable for miniaturization and for application in other technologies. In this research, the effect of changing each of the following variables was studied using an AC Glidarc system that was conceived by the research team: the gas components ratio, the gas flow rate, the catalyst reactor temperature and voltage. Glidarc plasma reformer was consisted of 3 electrodes and an AC power source. And air was added for the partial oxidation reaction of methane. The result showed that as the gas flow rate, the catalyst reactor temperature and the electric power increased, the methane conversion rate and the hydrogen concentration also increased. With $O_2/C$ ratio of 0.45, input flow rate of 4.9 l/min and power supply of 1 kW as the reference condition, the methane conversion rate, the high hydrogen selectivity and the reformer energy density were 69.2%, 36.2% and 35.2% respectively.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2018

기존 건식 개질 반응에 사용되는 니켈 기반 촉매 공정은 활성화 온도가 높고, 촉매 표면의 활성점에 탄소 침착 및 금속 소결 현상 등의 문제점이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 촉매공정에 DBD 플라즈마 공정이 결합된 촉매+플라즈마 공정을 이용하여 뷰테인 건식 개질 반응 특성을 조사하고 기존 촉매 공정과 비교 분석하였다. 촉매의 특성을 파악하기 위해 비표면적 분석기, XRD, SEM 및 TEM 등을 사용하여 물리 화학적 특성을 조사 하였다. $580^{\circ}C$에서 $10%Ni/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$촉매를 사용한 경우 촉매+플라즈마 공정의 경우 촉매 단독 공정에 비해 이산화탄소와 뷰테인 전환율이 각각 27%, 39%향상되었다. 촉매+플라즈마 공정의 경우 플라즈마에 의해 생성된 다양한 활성종의 영향으로 이산화탄소와 뷰테인 전환율 및 생성되는 수소 농도가 증가하였으며, 뷰테인 건식 개질 반응 과정에서 플라즈마에 의해 니켈 촉매의 크기가 감소하고 분산도가 증가하여 반응 효율이 향상되는 것으로 판단되었다.