• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.191-194
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• 2004

A novel type of intelligent microcapsule reactor system was prepared. The reactor can recognize pH change in the medea and control reaction rate by itself. For the reactor system, acrylic acid (AA), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), and glucose oxidase (GOD) were selected as a pH-responsive device, a gating device according and a reaction device, respectively. Poly(NIPAM-co-AA) (P-NIPAM-co-AA) are known to change its hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity due to pH change. They were integrated in a core-shell microcapsule space. GOD was loaded inside the core space and the pores in the outside shell layer were filled with P-NIPAM-co-AA linear grafted chains as pH-responsive gates by plasma graft filling polymerization method. When P-NIPAM-co-AA gates are hydrophilic at high pH value, this microcapsule permits glucose penetration into the core space and GOD reaction proceeds. However, when P-NIPAM-co-AA gates are hydrophobic at low pH value, this microcapsule forbids glucose penetration and GOD reaction will not occur. The accuracy of this concept was examined.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.354-361
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• 2012

The organic memory device was made by the plasma polymerization method which was not the dry process but the wet process. The memory device consist of the styrene and MMA monomer as the insulating layer, MMA monomer as the tunneling layer and Au thin film as the memory layer which was fabricated by thermal evaporation method. The I-V characteristics of fabricated memory device got the hysteresis voltage of 27 V at 40/-40 V double sweep measuring conditions. At this time, the optimized structure was 7 nm of Au thin film as floating gate, 400 nm of styrene thin film as insulating layer and 30 nm of MMA thin film as tunneling layer. Therefore we got the charge trapping characteristics by the hysteresis voltage. From the paper, styrene indicated a good charge trapping characteristics better than MMA. In the future, we expect to make devices by using styrene thin film rather than Au thin film.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2018

Fresh water is an important resource for humans, and pressure-driven membrane technology has been widely known as an energy-efficient method to obtain water resource. However, membrane fouling phenomenon, which is one of the major issue during operation, deteriorates membrane permeability. These fouling is usually affected by interaction between surface of membrane and various foulants, therefore, modification of membrane's surface is one of the methods to improve fouling-resistance. This review focuses on the method to modify surface of pressure-driven membranes such as microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). Specifically, there are two different surface modification methods: (1) adsorption and coating as the physical modification methods, (2) cross-linker, free radical polymerization (FRP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), plasma/UV-induced polymerization as the chemical modification methods. This review introduces the physico - chemical surface modification methods reported in recent papers and suggests research directions for membrane separation which can increase membrane fouling resistance.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2009

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the shrinkage stress induced by polymerization process of several light curing filling materials according to filling methods. High power light curing unit which has a plasma arc lamp was used and filling materials used were Filtek $Z-250^{(R)}$ composite resin, $Dyract^{(R)}$ AP compomer and $Tetric^{(R)}$ Flow flowable composite resin. Cavities were prepared on the permanent molars with width 3 mm, height 3 mm and depth 1.5 mm and the filling materials were filled with 1 step, 2 step layering technique and 3 step oblique filling methods. The results can be summarized as follows; 1. Strain values showed rapid increase from the start of light curing followed by gradual decrease afterwards with time. 2. Although the shrinkage stress value of $Z-250^{(R)}$ were shown to be relatively higher than $Dyract^{(R)}$ AP and $Tetric^{(R)}$ Flow, no statistically significant could be found between tested materials(p>0.05). 3. There were no statistically significant difference between 3 filling methods when using $Dyract^{(R)}$ AP and $Z-250^{(R)}$(p>0.05). 4. There were no statistically significant difference between shrinkage stress values obtained from samples prepared by different filling methods and materials(p>0.05).

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.174-180
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• 2014

A plasma hydrophobic coating on commercial fish feed was conducted to prolong the floating time of feed, thereby enhancing the feed consumption rate and reducing the contamination of water in fish farms. The hydrophobic coating on the fish feed was prepared using an atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), toluene and n-hexane as the precursors. The effect of the parameters such as input power, precursor type and coating time on the coating performance were examined. The physicochemical properties of the coating layer were analyzed using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer and a contact angle (CA) analyzer. The water CA increased after the coating preparation, indicating that the surface changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic. The FTIR characterization revealed that the hydrophobic layer was comprised of functional groups such as $CH_3$, Si-O-Si and Si-C. As a result of the hydrophobic coating, the floating time of the fish feed increased from several seconds to 3 minutes, which suggested that the plasma coating method could be a viable means for practical applications. Compared to the water CA measured as soon as the coating layer was prepared, the 6-day aged sample exhibited a substantial CA increase, confirming the aging effect on the improvement of the hydrophobicity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2011

Lanasol dyes containing ${\alpha}$-bromoacrylamide or ${\alpha},{\beta}$-dibromopropionylamide group are used for wool dyeing. They are normally applied to wool under pH 4.5 to 6.5 at $100^{\circ}C$. Although wool fabric can be dyed to obtain deep colour, high light and wet fastness, the dyeing processes need long dyeing time at high temperature, with salt addition, which inevitably causes environmental problems. Grafting is a modification method for textile where monomers are covalently bonded onto the polymer chain. It can be initiated by ozone, ${\gamma}$ rays, electron beams, plasma, corona discharge and UV irradiation. Coloration by UV-induced photografting exhibits several advantages such as fast reaction rate, energy saving, simple equipment, easy exploitation and environmentally friendliness. Also it requires much lower energy compared to the conventional dyeing and less damage to the substrate. In this study, a direct sequential UV-induced photografting onto wool fabrics was discussed. To understand the graft polymerization mechanism further, several characterization methods were used. Moreover, the effects of several principal factors on the graft photopolymerization were investigated. Furthermore, the colorfastness results were compared with conventional dyeing methods.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.910-912
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• 2006

Barrier ribs in plasma display panels (PDPs) function to maintain the discharge space between the glass plates as well as to prevent optical cross-talking. The barrier ribs currently employed are typically $300{\mu}m$ pitch, $110{\sim}120{\mu}m$ in height, with upper and lower widths of $50{\mu}m$ and $80{\mu}m$, respectively. It has been reported that barrier ribs can be fabricated by screen-printing, sand blasting, etching and photolithographic processes. In this study, photosensitive barrier rib pastes were formulated and systematically evaluated in terms of photolithographic process variables such as printing, drying, UV exposure, development and sintering. It was found that the use of UV absorbent, polymerization inhibitor and surfactant were very effective in controlling the width uniformity of barrier ribs in the photolithographic method of barrier rib patterning.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to compare efficiency of broad spectrum LEDs ($VALO^{(R)}$, Ultradent, USA) with conventional LED curing lights ($Elipar^{TM}$ Freelight 2, 3M ESPE, USA) using a microhardness test. The light curing units used were $VALO^{(R)}$ in three different modes and $Elipar^{TM}$ Freelight 2. The exposure time was used according to the manufacturer's instructions. After cured resin specimens were stored in physiological saline at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours, microhardness was measured using Vickers microhardness tester. The microhardness of upper and lower sides of the specimens were analyzed separately by the ANOVA method (Analysis of Variance) with a significance level set at 5%. At upper side of resin specimens, an increased microhardness was observed in the broad spectrum LED curing light unit with a high power mode for 4 seconds and plasma emulation mode for 20 seconds (p < 0.05). However, at the lower side of resin specimens, there were no significant differences in microhardness between broad spectrum LED curing light unit and conventional LED curing light unit.