• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.173-176
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• 2002

The possibility of Chungpesagantang, Sunghyangjunggisan and Yangkyuksanwhatang, which have been recommended for stroke patients with constipation in traditional Korean clinics, was evaluated as a novel antithrombotic agent. Chungpesagantang potently inhibited ADP- and collagen-induced rat platelet aggregation in vitro, but Sunghyangjunggisan and Yangkyuksanwhatang did not inhibit it. However, all tested herbal formulae inhibited in vivo ADP- and collagen-induced rat platelet aggregation and extended the bleeding time of mice tails. All these herbal formulae did not affect certain plasma clotting times such as APTT, PT and TT. Among these herbal formulae, Chungpesagantang showed significant protection against death due to pulmonary thrombosis in mice. Based on these findings, these herbal formulae should prevent thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infraction stroke, and arteriosclerosis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2023

This study investigated the effect of ethanol extracts of horsetail, alfalfa, ortie, chêne and aleppo oak on blood coagulation in vitro. Extraction was performed by the maceration method. Extracts were mixed with platelet and plasma, then prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet aggregation tests were conducted. Alfalfa extract had a dose-dependent effect on the PT. Ortie, and horsetail, reduced the PT significantly compared to control group. Alfalfa, horsetail, and ortie reduced the APTT, but their effect was insignificant compared to the control group. The pooled extract showed the highest effect compared to the single extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Horsetail and alfalfa induced platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid but not in response to collagen. In the case of ortie, no aggregation occurred regarding the arachidonic acid, and incomplete was observed in response to collagen. Interestingly, blood clotting occurred immediately after adding the chêne, aleppo oak and the pooled extract, and therefore platelet poor plasma (PPP) and platelet rich plasma (PRP) became jelly. Generally, chêne and aleppo oak, as well as pooled extract, were more effective in inducing both primary and secondary coagulation pathways via shortening the PT and APTT, and induction of platelet aggregation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2017

Thromboembolic complications are increasing in veterinary medicine. Thromboelastography (TEG) is a more comprehensive method for assessing the clotting process than standard plasma-based coagulation tests. This study compared the ability of TEG and standard coagulation tests to analyze the overall hemostatic state of dogs. The study involved 40 dogs with underlying diseases that predispose to hypercoagulability, including neoplasia, hyperadrenocorticism, immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and protein-losing nephropathies and enteropathies, and 20 healthy dogs. Their overall hemostatic functional state was evaluated by TEG and routine coagulation assays, including activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, platelet count, and D-dimer concentration. TEG analysis showed significant differences in clot formation time, ${\alpha}$ angle, and maximum amplitude (MA) between diseased and control dogs (P < 0.001 each). Increased MA was the most frequent abnormality on TEG and was indicative of hypercoagulability. TEG was useful in detecting hemostatic dysfunction in dogs with diseases associated with hypercoagulability. Dogs with TEG tracings indicative of hypercoagulability are likely to be in procoagulant states. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate whether TEG tracings indicative of hypercoagulability are predictive of thrombosis in dogs.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.350-356
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• 1992

Anticoagulant activities were tested for the fifteen kinds of medicinal plants by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Of them five kinds or species (Artemisia princeps, Sanguisorba officinalis, Artemisia apiacea, Eclipa alba, Schizonepeta tenuifolia) were selected and fractionated for the preparation of acidic polysaccharides. They were extracted with water by refluxing and the extracts were precipitated with ethanol. The precipitates were separated based on charge using a DEAE-Sephadex. The low salt and high salt fractions were sulfated with anhydrous pyridine and chlorosulfonic acid complex. In vitro anticoagulant activities of sulfated polysaccharides were tested by measuring aPTT, prothrombin time (PT), and factor Xa clotting time using normal human plasma. No relationship was found between the amount of uronic acids and anticoagulant activities, but the sulfated ones show the increase of activities. In vivo anticoagulant properties of the sulfated polysaccharide from Artemisia apiacea were also tested by the intraveneous administration of three different doses (3,5 and 10 mg/kg) to rats. APTT and PT were increased significantly and the action of factor Xa and thrombin mediated through antithrombin III were inhibited slightly.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.623-632
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate effect of dried powder or ethanol extracts of onion flesh and peel intakes on lipid metabolism, antioxidative and antithrombogenic capacities in l6-month -old rats. Total of 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats of l6-month-old and weighing 816$\pm$6g were blocked into 5 groups according to body weight and raised for three months with control and experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) of dried powders of onion flesh or peel or ethanol extracts from equal amount of each dried powder. Contents of total flavonoids and total dietary fibers in peel powder were highest among onion preparations. Body weight gain and epididymal pad fat weight were lower in peel powder group than other groups. Plasma total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations of onion-containing groups were lower than control group. Above all, peel ethanol extract intake decreased them most remarkably. Plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations in onion-containing groups were higher than control group, especially that of flesh powder group was the highest among groups. Liver total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations were not significantly different among all experimental groups. However, liver total lipid and triglyceride concentrations were tended to be lower in onion-containing groups than control group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations in LDL + VLDL fraction was not significantly affected by onion intakes, However peel powder group showed the lowest concentration, Plasma TX $B_2$ concentrations in onion flesh powder, peel powder and peel ethanol extract groups were lower than control group, while plasma 6-keto-PG $F_{1a}$ concentrations in these same groups were higher than control group. Clotting time was tended to be increased in peel ethanol extract group. In conclusion onion diets seemed to improve lipid metabolism and antithrombogenic capacity while effect on antioxidative was not significant.t.

• 폴리머
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.82-89
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• 2000

폴리우레탄(PU)과 폴리비닐알콜(PVA)의 고분자 블렌드를 제조하고 피브리노겐 흡착, 혈장 재칼슘화 시간, 혈소판 점착, 전혈 응고실험, 보체 활성도 측정 등의 방법을 이용하여 혈액적 합성을 평가하였다. 또한 PU/PVA 고분자 블렌드에서 PVA 분자의 운동성이 혈액적합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 PVA를 글루타알데히드를 이용하여 가교시킨 후, 혈액적합성을 조사하였다. PU/PVA 고분자 블렌드에서의 피브리노겐 흡착은 블렌드내의 PVA 양이 증가할수록 감소하였으며, 10-50wt%의 PVA를 포함한 고분자 블렌드에서의 혈장 재칼슘화 시간은 PU, PVA 및 PVA 함량이 높은 고분자 블렌드들에 비해서 길게 나타났다. 또한 30-50 wt%의 PVA를 포함한 블렌드에서 혈소판 형태 변화와 점착량이 가장 적었으며 혈액응고와 보체 활성도도 가장 낮았다. 한편 가교된 고분자 블렌드의 혈액적합성은 가교되지 않은 것에 비하여 현저하게 저하되었다. 이와같은 결과로부터 PVA가 30-50 wt% 포함된 고분자 블렌드에서의 혈액적합성이 다른 것에 비하여 상대적으로 우수함이 고찰되었고, PVA 가교실험의 결과에 의하면 고분자 블렌드에서의 혈액적합성은 재료 표면에 노출된 PVA 분자들의 운동성과 연관이 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2014

The pentacyclic triterpenoid ursolic acid (UA) and its isomer oleanolic acid (OA) are ubiquitous in food and plant medicine, and thus are easily exposed to the population through natural contact or intentional use. Although they have diverse health benefits, reported cardiovascular protective activity is contentious. In this study, the effect of UA and OA on platelet aggregation was examined on the basis that alteration of platelet activity is a potential process contributing to cardiovascular events. Treatment of UA enhanced platelet aggregation induced by thrombin or ADP, which was concentration-dependent in a range of $5-50{\mu}M$. Quite comparable results were obtained with OA, in which OA-treated platelets also exhibited an exaggerated response to either thrombin or ADP. UA treatment potentiated aggregation of whole blood, while OA failed to increase aggregation by thrombin. UA and OA did not affect plasma coagulation assessed by measuring prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. These results indicate that both UA and OA are capable of making platelets susceptible to aggregatory stimuli, and platelets rather than clotting factors are the primary target of them in proaggregatory activity. These compounds need to be used with caution, especially in the population with a predisposition to cardiovascular events.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.947-954
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• 1992

Poly (γ-benzyl L-glutamate) (PBLG)와 말단에 아미노기를 갖는 Polyethylene glycol (PEG)의 치환반응을 행하여 PEG-grafted PBLG (PEG-g-PBLG)를 합성하였다. 또한 PEG-g-PBLG 필름표면에 ethanolamine(EA)을 치환반응하여 표면에 히드록시그룹을 갖는 PEG-g-PBLG-EA 필름을 얻었다. 폴리펩티드중합체와 혈액성분과의 상호작용에 관한 실험결과, PEG-g-PBLG 상에서의 혈소판의 점착율 및 형태변화는 PEG-g-PBLG-EA보다 적게 나타났고, PEG-g-PBLG상에서의 혈장 단백질의 응고시간은 PEG-g-PBLG-EA 또는 PBLG의 응고시간보다 길게 나타났다. 이들 결과는 혈액응고시간 및 혈액응고량을 조사한 실험결과와 일치하였다. 따라서 폴리펩티드상의 히드록시그룹은 혈액성분과의 상호작용을 강하게 하여 혈액적합성이 저하하는 반면, PEG-g-PBLG는 비교적 좋은 혈액적합성을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.949-953
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• 2001

감은 과일로 식용필 뿐만 아니라 민간약으로 종기나 염증질환, 치칠에 곶감을 이겨 붙였고 부스럼이나 화상에는 불에 말린 감을 바르면 통증을 멎게 하고 새살을 돋게 하는 효능이 있고 고혈압을 예방하고 동맥경화에 효과가 있는 성분이 있다고 알려져 있다. 사람의 plasma에서 thrombin time(TT)을 사용한 항응고활성을 측정하면서감속, 감잎, 감꼭지에서 높은 농도로 , 감과육과 감껍질에도 농도는 약간 낮지만 항응고활성이 발견되었다. 감과육의 항응고활성을 계절과 품종별로 측정시 부유의 경우는 11월 수확한 것이 가장 높고 저장이 길어지면서 급격한 감소를 보이고 있다. 갑주백목은 부유와 유사하고 청도반시. 서촌조생은 다소활성이 낮았다. 감을 이용한 가공식품의 경우 생과실에 비해 항응고활성이 56~260배정도로 크게 저하되어 있었다. 이는 감과육에 존재하는 항응고활성을 저해하는 인자에 의한 영향이 생각되고 가공식품제고시 항응고활성을 저해하는 이자를 초기에 제거하거나 불활성화시키는 작업이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.418-423
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• 2006

Tabanus anticoagulant protein (TAP) was isolated from the whole body of the tabanus, Tabanus bivittatus, using three purification steps (ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-60, and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE Sephadex gel). The purified TAP, with a molecular weight of 65 kDa, was assessed to be homogeneous by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and an isoelectric point of 7.9 was determined by isoelectric focusing. The internal amino acid sequence of the purified protein was composed of Ser-Leu-Asn-Asn-Gln-Phe-Ala-Ser-Phe-lle-Asp-Lys-Val-Arg. The protein was activated by $Cu^{2+}\;and\;Zn^{2+}$, and the optimal conditions were found to be at pH $3\sim6\;and\;40\sim70^{\circ}C$. Standard coagulation screen assays were used to determine thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Chromogenic substrate assays were performed for thrombin and factor Xa activity. TAP considerably prolonged human plasma clotting time, especially activated partial thromboplastin time in a dose-dependent manner; it showed potent and specific antithrombin activity in the chromogenic substrate assay. Specific anti-factor Xa activity in TAP was not detected. Overall, this result suggested that TAP has significant anticoagulant activity on blood coagulation system.