• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.264-273
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• 2023

Physicochemical properties and storage stability of plant-based alternative meat prepared with low-fat soybean powder (LPAM) treated by supercritical-CO₂ and those of full-fat soybean powder (FPAM) were compared. Ash and crude protein contents were higher in LPAM than in FRAM. Water absorption capacity and oil absorption capacity were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM. Water binding capacity was higher in LPAM than in FPAM during a 20 days storage period at 5℃ and pH was significantly lower in LPAM than in FPAM after a 5~10 days storage period. Hardness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased with the increase in the storage period, and the three were significantly higher in LPAM than in FPAM after 10 days and 20 days of storage. The acid value showed no remarkable difference according to the storage period in LPAM; however, it was significantly higher in FPAM than in LPAM after 20 days of storage. The peroxide value and TBA value were significantly increased according to the storage period, and were significantly lower iin LPAM than in FPAM during all the storage periods. Therefore, the use of low-fat soybean powder may be effective in improving oxidative stability during storage in the production of plant-based alternative meat.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

Vegetarians have claimed and actively promoted the advantages of plant-based alternative milks as the best option for human nutrition and health, compared to the natural dairy milk. However, numerous scientific evidences and reports have demonstrated that the natural milk possesses more beneficial nutrients and bioactive components than artificially manufactured plant-derived milks. The biochemical and nutritional advantages and functionalities of natural dairy milk cannot be replaced by man-made or crafted plant-based beverage products. On the other hand, the tremendous increase in production and consumption of the plant-based alternative milks in recent years has led a serious business downturn in traditional roles and stability of the dairy industry, especially in the major dairy producing Western countries. Although plant-based milk alternatives may have some benefits on nutrition and health of certain consumers, the plant-derived alternative milks may not overshadow the true values of natural milk. Milk is not a high fat and high cholesterol food as animal meat products. Unlike plant-based alternative milks, natural milk contains many bioactive as well as antiappetizing peptides, which can reduce body weight. It has proven that taking low-fat, cultured and lactase treated milk and dairy products with other diversified nutritionally balanced diets have been shown to be healthier dietary option than plant-based milk/foods alone.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2024

최근 글로벌 인구 증가,소득 향상에 따른 육류 소비증가 및 동불복지, 탄소중립, 지속 가능성 등에 대한 이슈로 대체육(식품) 시장이 급성장 하고 있다. 정부에서도 그린바이오융합형 신산업육성방안을 마련하여 대체식품을 육성하고 있으나, 국내 중소기업의 기술력 부족, 생산시설 미비 등으로 사업화에 어려움이 있어 기업의 애로사항 해결을 위한 공동활용 시설 장비 구축이 필요한 상황이다. 전라북도에서는 식물성 기반 대체육 산업화센터 설립을 통해 선진국 수준의 식물성 대체육 개발·가공 및 산업화 원천기술을 확보하기 위한 전략을 추진 중에 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 전라북도에 식물성 기반 대체육 산업화센터가 구축될 경우를 가정하여 식물성 기반 대체육 산업화센터의 경제적 타당성을 분석하였다. 먼저 식물성 대체육산업화센터 설립을 위한 기본구상을 검토하여 편익과 비용을 추정하고 다음으로 식물성 대체육 산업화센터 설립의 경제적 타당성을 분석하였으며 마지막으로 식물성 대체육 산업화센터의 지역경제 파급효과를 분석하였다. 먼저, 식물성 대체육 산업화센터는 전북바이오융합산업진흥원 내에 있는 식품분석센터(현재)를 1,000m²를 개보수하여 설립할 예정이며, 산업화센터 기반구축과 장비구축 그리고 사업화 R&D 및 운영비 등으로 100억원이 소요될 예정이다. 식물성 대체육 산업화센터는 총 5명의 신규인력을 채용하여 시설/장비를 구축하고 중장기적으로 사업을 지원할 계획이며 생산지원팀, 품질분석팀, 경영지원팀 등 총 3개의 팀으로 구성하는 것이 효율적이라 판단된다. 인력구성은 기존인력을 활용함과 동시에 신규 전문인력을 채용하여 전문성을 확보해야 하며, 경영지원, 품질분석 등 기관이 보유 및 가용한 인력을 활용하도록 설계하였다. 식물성 대체육 산업화센터 사업시행기간(2023년~2025년)에는 수익이 발생하지 않지만, 사업종료 이후 2026년부터는 장비활용수익, 기술이전수익, 교육수익, 기타수익이 매년 발생한다. 사업종료 이후 1년차인 2027년에는 장비활용수익(단독장비사용료, 품질분석), 기술이전수익, 교육수익, 기타수익으로 910,000천원이 발생하고 이후 장비활용수익, 기술이전수익, 교육수입이 꾸준히 증가하여 사업종료 후 5년차인 2030년에는 장비활용수익 1,350백만원, 기술 이전료(노하우, 기술) 360백만원, 기술교육수익 60백만원, 기타수익 400백만원이 발생할 것으로 예상된다. 다음으로 식물성 대체육 산업화센터 설립을 위한 기본구상을 기초로 사업의 경제적 타당성과 파급효과를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, B/C=1.32, NPV=374백만 원, IRR=4.8%로 나타나, 대체육산업화센터 구축에 따른 경제성은 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 산업화 센터 구축에 따른 지역경제 파급효과를 분석한 결과, 전라북도에 380억 원이 투자될 경우 전국적인 생산유발효과가 740억 원, 부가가치유발효과가 298억 원, 취업유발효과가 672명 발생하는 것으로 추정되었다. 본 연구에서는 식물성 기반 대체육 산업화센터 설립에 따른 사업 타당성을 최초로 계측한 연구이지만, 현재에는 산업화센터가 설립되기 이전이기 때문에 산업화센터 설립에 따른 비용과 편익을 추정하여 분석하였다. 금후에는 산업화센터 설립에 대한 계획이 구체화 될 경우 보다 구체적이고 체계적인 자료에 기초하여 대체육 산업화센터 설립 타당성을 보완할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2024

The projected growth of global meat production over the next decade is attributed to rising income levels and population expansion. One potentially more pragmatic approach to mitigating the adverse externalities associated with meat production involves implementing alterations to the production process, such as transitioning to cultured meat, hybrid cultured meat, and meat alternatives. Cultured meat (CM) is derived from animal stem cells and undergoes a growth and division process that closely resembles the natural in vivo cellular development. CM is emerging as a widely embraced substitute for traditional protein sources, with the potential to alleviate the future strain on animalderived meat production. To date, the primary emphasis of cultured meat research and production has predominantly been around the ecological advantages and ethical considerations pertaining to animal welfare. However, there exists substantial study potential in exploring consumer preferences with respect to the texture, color, cuts, and sustainable methodologies associated with cultured meat. The potential augmentation of cultured meat's acceptance could be facilitated through the advancement of a wider range of cuts to mimic real muscle fibers. This review examines the prospective commercial trends of hybrid cultured meat. Subsequently, the present state of research pertaining to the advancement of scaffolding, coloration, and muscle fiber development in hybrid cultured meat, encompassing plant-based alternatives designed to emulate authentic meat, has been deliberated. However, this discussion highlights the obstacles that have arisen in current procedures and proposes future research directions for the development of sustainable cultured meat and meat alternatives, such as plant-based meat production.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.356-371
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• 2024

Novel meat-inspired products, such as cell-cultivated meat and meat analogues, embrace environmental sustainability, food safety and security, animal welfare, and human health, but consumers are still hesitant to accept these products. The appearance of food is often the most persuasive determinant of purchasing decisions for food. Producing cultivated meat and meat analogues with similar characteristics to conventional meat could lead to increased acceptability, marketability, and profitability. Color is one of the sensorial characteristics that can be improved using color-inducing methods and colorants. Synthetic colorants are cheap and stable, but natural pigments are regarded as safer components for novel food production. The complexity of identifying specific colorants to imitate both raw and cooked meat color lies in the differences in ingredients and methods used to produce meat alternatives. Research devoted to improving the sensorial characteristics of meat analogues has noted various color-inducing methods (e.g., ohmic cooking and pasteurization) and additives (e.g., lactoferrin, laccase, xylose, and pectin). Additionally, considerations toward other meat components, such as fat, can aid in mimicking conventional meat appearance. For instance, the use of plant-based fat replacers and scaffolds can produce a marked sensory enhancement without compromising the sustainability of alternative meats. Moving forward, consumer-relevant sensorial characteristics, such as taste and texture, should be prioritized alongside improving the coloration of meat alternatives.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2021

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2024

국내에서 제조되어 유통되는 식물성 대체육을 대상으로 일반성분(수분, 단백질, 지방), 지방의 산패도, 지방산의 조성, 아플라톡신, 중금속 함량을 분석하였다. 그 결과 한번 익힌 후 건조된 형태의 식물성 대체육보다 익히지 않고 수분이나 지방에 의해 성형과정을 거친 냉동제품에서 상대적으로 많은 양의 지방을 함유하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 조지방 함량이 1 g을 넘는 시료를 대상으로 지방의 산패도(산가, 과산화물가)를 측정했다. 그 결과 일부 시료에서 높은 산가 및 과산화물가가 측정되었으나 식품공전상에 대체육에 대한 정확한 분류가 되어있지 않아 산패도에 대한 안전성을 판단하기 위한 규격이 필요해 보인다. 가스크로마토그래피를 사용하여 지방산 조성을 분석한 결과 대부분은 불포화지방산이 차지하고 있지만, 일부 포화지방산의 함량이 높은 시료가 있었다. 포화지방산 및 불포화지방산의 함량이 높은 식물성 대체육을 식물성 유지를 사용하여 가열조리를 거쳐 섭취하게 된다면, 많은 양의 지방을 섭취하게 될 수 있음을 예측할 수 있다. 또 가스크로마토그래피를 사용한 지방산 분석법을 통해 식물성대체육에 동물 유래 지질이 함유되어있지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 이후에 식물성 대체육에 대한 영양표시성분 및 실제성분의 대조 시에 활용될 수 있음을 시사한다. 식물성 대체육에 대하여 아플라톡신을 분석한 결과 현재 식품공전에 제시된 농산물 중 아플라톡신 기준규격에 대하여 적합인 수준이나 미량 검출되는 것을 확인하였다. 중금속의 분석 결과 모두 불검출이었으나 환경요인 및 원재료에 따라 중금속의 오염이 의심될 시에 중금속 분석을 진행할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 실험결과를 통해 국내에 유통되고 있는 일부 식물성 대체육에 대한 안전성을 확인하였으나 산가, 과산화물가, 아플라톡신, 중금속은 대체육에 대하여 구체적인 분류 및 적합 규격이 마련되어 있지 않아 적합 판정시에 비슷한 성향을 가진 식품군에 대조하여 판단해야 하는 어려움이 있었다. 따라서 기존의 기준에 대하여 검토 또는 변경을 거쳐 식물성대체육에 대한 관리기준이 설정한다면 유사한 식품군의 건전성 및 적합성을 유지하는 것에 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• 융합경영연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2024

Purpose: As the number of vegetarians continues to rise in tandem with the development of consumer culture, a novel economic trend named 'Vegenomics' has surfaced. In addition, as interest in social and environmental sustainability such as health, environment, and animal welfare grows due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the alternative protein food market is expanding, focusing on plant-based alternative meat. Research design, data, and methodology: Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of the consumption value of alternative protein products on self-efficacy and purchase intention. This study collected a total of 187 questionnaires by conducting an online survey from May 1 to July 10, 2023, to verify the research model and hypothesis. The collected data were subjected to exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and discriminant validity analysis using SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs for structural equation modeling. Results: The results of analyzing consumers' self-efficacy and purchase intention regarding the functional value, health-oriented value, ethical value, and ecological value of alternative protein products are as follows. First, among the consumption values of alternative protein products, ecological value was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on self-efficacy. Second, consumers' self-efficacy for alternative protein products was found to have a significant positive (+) effect on purchase intention. Conclusion: This study is anticipated to provide valuable insights for the formulation of effective marketing strategies for alternative protein products and the development of products that align with consumer needs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.1124-1150
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• 2023

This study aimed to analyze the leading research materials and research trends related to livestock food in Asia in recent years and propose future research agendas to ultimately contribute to the development of related livestock species. On analyzing more than 200 relevant articles, a high frequency of studies on livestock species and products with large breeding scales and vast markets was observed. Asia possesses the largest pig population and most extensive pork market, followed by that of beef, chicken, and milk; moreover, blood and egg markets have also been studied. Regarding research keywords, "meat quality" and "probiotics" were the most common, followed by "antioxidants", which have been extensively studied in the past, and "cultured meat", which has recently gained traction. The future research agenda for meat products is expected to be dominated by alternative livestock products, such as cultured and plant-derived meats; improved meat product functionality and safety; the environmental impacts of livestock farming; and animal welfare research. The future research agenda for dairy products is anticipated to include animal welfare, dairy production, probiotic-based development of high-quality functional dairy products, the development of alternative dairy products, and the advancement of lactose-free or personalized dairy products. However, determining the extent to which the various research articles' findings have been applied in real-world industry proved challenging, and research related to animal food laws and policies and consumer surveys was lacking. In addition, studies on alternatives for sustainable livestock development could not be identified. Therefore, future research may augment industrial application, and multidisciplinary research related to animal food laws and policies as well as eco-friendly livestock production should be strengthened.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle. Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d. Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05). Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits.