• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1407-1429
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• 2007

The Burkholderia genus consists of over 40 Gram-negative, ${\beta}$-proteobacteria species that occupy remarkably diverse ecological niches. This genus contains species pathogenic to human, animals, and plants, as well as species involved in promoting plant growth and biodegradation of pollutants. This is largely explained by the extraordinary versatility of Burkholderia, as reflected by the remarkable diversity of extracellular products released by these bacteria. We exhaustively surveyed the extracellular enzymes, siderophores, toxins, antimicrobials, and other secondary metabolites produced by the members of this very diverse genus. Available information on regulation, especially quorum sensing mechanisms, and secretion is highlighted.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.542-547
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• 2016

The thermal properties of ramie leaf ${\beta}$-amylase (RBA) were examined to develop a novel process for enzyme purification. The thermostability of RBA extract prepared from ramie leaf powder was examined at various temperatures. RBA activity decreased slightly, whereas other carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as $\small{D}$-enzyme, were rapidly inactivated during 30 min incubation at $60^{\circ}C$. When the heat-treated extract was incubated with various substrates, maltose was produced exclusively as the major product, whereas the untreated crude extract produced maltose and other maltooligosaccharides. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, fewer protein bands were observed for the heat-treated extract than the untreated extract, indicating that the thermostable RBA was partially purified and other thermolabile enzymes were eliminated. Thus, the treatment of the RBA extract at $60^{\circ}C$ for 30 min resulted in 5.4-fold purification with a recovery yield of 90%.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2011

This study is aimed to investigate the skin thickness, plasma components, serum IgE level and antioxidant enzymes activities by mixtures of Cnidium officinale, Saururus chinensis, Houttuynia cordata and Glycyrrhiza uralensis on the allergic contact dermatitis of rat induced by 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). Mixtures reduced the thickness of the skin and removed the dead skin cells compared to the skin of rats treated with DNCB alone. Also, these mixtures down-regulated the contents of lipid and IgE, and reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. These results indicate that the mixtures significantly recovered the contact dermatitis induced by DNCB. In conclusion, it is thought that the mixtures could be useful for the allergic contact dermatitis.

• 약학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2003

Arachidonic acid (AA), which is stored in membrane glycerophospholipids, is liberated by phospholipase $A_2$ (PLA$_2$) enzymes and is sequentially converted to cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOXs) then to various bioactive PGs, and LTs. In order to find the specific inhibitors of AA metabolism especially PLA$_2$, COX-2, 5-LO and lyso PAF acetyltransferase, 120 Korean residential plants extracts were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on PGD$_2$, LTC$_4$ production from cytokine-induced mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) and arachidonic acid released from phospholipid and PAF production from lyso PAF. From this screening procedure, methanol extract of ten indigenous plant such as Salix gracilistyla, Sedum kamtschaticum, Cirsium chanroenicum, Hypericum ascyron, Astilbe chinensis, Agrimonia pilosa, Aristolochia manshuriensis, Vodia daniellii, Pyrola japonica, Styrax obassia were found to inhibit production of inflammatory mediators in vitro assay system.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.292-296
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• 2019

Soils amended for long-term with high levels of compost demonstrated greater abundance of bacterial members of the phylum Bacteroidetes whereas a decreasing trend in the relative abundance of phylum Acidobacteria was noted with increasing levels of compost. Metabolic profiles predicted by PICRUSt demonstrated differences in functional responses of the bacterial community according to the treatments. Soils amended with lower compost levels were characterized by abundance of genes encoding enzymes contributing to membrane transport and cell growth whereas genes encoding enzymes related to protein folding and transcription were enriched in soils amended with high levels of compost. Thus, the results of the current study provide extensive evidence of the influence of different compost levels on bacterial diversity and community structure in paddy soils.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.386.2-386.2
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• 2002

We investigated the effect of tectorigenin (1) with hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects on Phase I and II enzymes and TF activity to elucidate the action of an immunosuppressive compound (1) in the diabetic rat. Compound 1 was obtained from the hydrolysis of tectoridin easily isolated from the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana(Leguminosae). Puerariae Flos has been used as therapeutics for diabetes mellitus in traditional medicine of Korea. (omitted)

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.235-240
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• 1997

To study the effects of metal ions on the activity of anti-oxidase enzymes, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) and isozyme patterns of Brassica juncea have been studied after treating with CD, Cu, Zn, and Al. The activity of SOD after treating with metal ions was higher than that of untreated control. SOD activity in leaves increased by treatment of 50 ppm of Zn and 500 ppm of Al. POD in stems gave highest activity after treating with 500 ppm of Cu. When the activity was compared by plant parts, lowest POD activity was observed in leaves in which protein content was higher than other tissues. When the activity was expressed as percentage of control, SOD activity was increased after treating with metal ions. SOD activity in leaves and roots of metal treated plant was significantly increased under the metal ions stress conditions. In the roots of 50 ppm of Zn treated plant, SOD activity was extremly high. POD activity was inhibited with Cd and Zn treatment in all parts of the plant. However, in leaves and stems, there was marked increase in activity after treating with Cu. The patterns of SOD isozyme after metal treatment show that two bands were stained in all metal ion treated and that no new band appeared. POD isozyme band intensity resulting from the treatment of metal ions was in order of roots > stems > leaves, but there was no significant difference.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.300-302
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• 2019

제천에서의 콩 근권 시료로부터 분리한 Glutamicibacter halophytocola DR408 균주는 내건성 식물생장촉진력을 보이고 있다. 본 연구에서 DR408 균주의 완전한 유전체 서열을 해독한 결과, 유전체의 크기는 3.77 Mbp였으며, G + C 함량이 60.2%였다. 또한 총 3,352개의 유전자 서열과 65개의 tRNA, 19개의 rRNA, 3개의 ncRNA가 존재하였다. 유전체 분석을 통해 식물의 내건성을 향상시킬 수 있는 삼투질 합성과 식물생장촉진 효소를 코딩하는 유전자를 다수 포함하는 것을 확인하였다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.679-691
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• 2023

The fat deposition is an important factor affecting chicken meat quality, which is closely related to lipid metabolism of chickens. Therefore, it is important to regulate the lipid metabolism of chickens to improve the chicken meat quality. Plant extracts have special regulatory effects on animal's growth and health and have been widely used in chicken breeding. Some plant extracts have been reported to have functions of changing the fatty acid composition, reducing abdominal fat percentage, and enhancing the intramuscular fat content of chickens by improving the antioxidant capacity, regulating the expression of genes, enzymes, and signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism, modulating intestinal microbiota, affecting hormones level, and regulating DNA methylation. This paper reviewed the application and mechanism of plant extracts on regulating lipid metabolism of chickens to provide a reference for the further application of plant extracts in chicken breeding.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.62-74
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• 2023

Plant pathogenic Pectobacterium species cause severe soft rot/blackleg diseases in many economically important crops worldwide. Pectobacterium utilizes plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) as the main virulence determinants for its pathogenicity. In this study, we screened a random mutant, M29 is a transposon insertion mutation in the metC gene encoding cystathionine β-lyase that catalyzes cystathionine to homocysteine at the penultimate step in methionine biosynthesis. M29 became a methionine auxotroph and resulted in growth defects in methionine-limited conditions. Impaired growth was restored with exogenous methionine or homocysteine rather than cystathionine. The mutant exhibited reduced soft rot symptoms in Chinese cabbages and potato tubers, maintaining activities of PCWDEs and swimming motility. The mutant was unable to proliferate in both Chinese cabbages and potato tubers. The reduced virulence was partially restored by a complemented strain or 100 µM of methionine, whereas it was fully restored by the extremely high concentration (1 mM). Our transcriptomic analysis showed that genes involved in methionine biosynthesis or transporter were downregulated in the mutant. Our results demonstrate that MetC is important for methionine biosynthesis and transporter and influences its virulence through Pcc21 multiplication in plant hosts.