• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.201-216
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• 1997

Forest managers are increasingly being challenged to produce goods and services to society while managing for ecosystem sustainability. Forest ecosystem management is an emerging philosophy to achieve these objectives. We synthesized some basic concepts of forest ecosystem, sustainability in forests and forest ecosystem management, and described the importances of long-term ecological studies. Also we presented few relatively simple principles of forest ecosystem management, strategies, and case studies for integrating forest ecosystem management principles into the forest management planning process. It was emphasizd that in forest ecosystem management process, society, land managers, forest managers, and scientists be entered into a partnership to reshape management goals, redefine objectives, and redirect management actions in response to changing socioeconomic information and evolving bioogical, physical, chemical, and environmental conditions. Agreement or disagreement with our synthesis and opinions on forest ecosystem management is out of the primary objective of this paper, which is to stimulate new and creative approaches to forest ecosystem management as an emerging issue in forestry.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.39-49
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• 2003

This study purpose is extract on the architectural principles and architectural planning direction for Integrated Secondary School. The integrated secondary school has an expectation of the total education environment in which has some problem as regional, teaching, treatment, establishment equipment part because of the based relative establishments are abolished. The expectations are the education effective rising, the reduce of the responsibility of the teacher, a smooth teacher placing and saving the educating estimate. As the new education course propulsion is raising the school and students discretion and expanding the way of educating, being close to the course of studies, the integrated operation is earnestly needed and such as these versatile background the small school will keep on getting integrated. Investigate about the senses of the manager and teachers, so after these reserch I've concluded these things below about the integrated secondary school.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2007

The Outdoor space is an essential element among healing environments for older people. The purpose of this study is to identify outdoor design issues which can improve the health conditions of the elderly living in nursing home. At first, the design principles of outdoor space for the mentally ill have been collected from the literature survey. Secondary, outdoor design requirements for the care program in nursing homes have been explored. Thirdly, good design elements have been collected from 6 nursing homes which have good outdoor space. Finally, Basic design principles of outdoor space of nursing homes in which older people with dementia live have been proposed by analysis and synthesis on the three stages before. As a result of this study, 6 dimensions in architectural planning of outdoor space for nursing homes have been presented : safety environment, various sensual stimulation, social interactions, support physical ability, accessibility, meditation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.43-53
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• 1994

This Study is to construct the Activity System Methods of Site Planning and Design. A planned spaces and facilities is considered usually in relation to users of space and facilities, user attributes, needs and values, and activity patterns. Information obtained form this study adds a qualitative dimension to the quantitative emphasis and supplies information for design-oriented analyses of site planning. In the design-oriented aspect, the concern is with devising desirable land use arrangements and facility supply considering objectives defined in the public interest. The design-oriented approache in site planning and design must use information on activity systems and space qualities in defining planning and design requirements of site development-one in the form of principles and standards of design used in land use and facility planning guidelines, and the other form of input variables for land use model and facility supply model.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.150-159
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• 2014

Recently, violent crimes against the socially disadvantaged have become more frequent and became serious social issues. In addition, compared to the past, the crime methods have become more diverse and intricate, which results in larger damages. For those reasons, the public are increasingly concerned about crimes and it is detrimental to the quality of life in general. Currently, safety in alleys and other residential spaces is protected only by mechanical and managerial functions such as CCTV and police patrol. Safe environment from crimes can be achieved only if there are environmental and spatial plans such as CPTED (Crime Prevention through Environmental Design) principles. The purpose of this study is to propose a direction for spatial planning that can prevent crimes through environmental elements, by researching the spatial planning and current status of alleys and residential spaces from the viewpoint of CPTED. To do so, first, a review checklist was created based on five principles of CPTED and field surveys were conducted on the northern districts of Busan with high crime rates. Second, the problems were analyzed through the field surveys and checklist was classified based on five principles of CPTED to propose improvements for each item. Also, a computer graphic simulation was used to suggest a design proposal. We expect that the application of the basic environmental design principles and guidelines for CPTED will have the effect of creating crime-free and safe spaces in alleys and residential environment.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.93-101
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• 2013

This research purposes to understand architectural aim which the owners of buildings in the Doa-Rak-Dang block pursue through the history of family and construction. Moreover its other purpose is to find the design concepts which were selected to achieve the aim and the design elements which were applied to realize the design concepts. To accomplish the objects, it got rid of a stationary viewpoint but it approached with a dynamic viewpoint which can read the changes in the steps during various periods. Through the 100-year history of construction, the architectural aim of the Doa-Rak-Dang block is to establish the tradition of the Ok-San-Pa family to get over the social limitations of the family of a child by a concubine which began from Lee, Eun-Juk's mistress. The design concepts which were used by the owners of the Dok-Rak-Dang block to achieve the purpose are the extension of public territory and the enrichment of territoriality which have social-political, economical and symbolic means. The geometric applications such as axises and regulating lines were the design elements which were chosen to fulfill the concepts. If the establishment of the architectural aim and design concepts, the process of selecting and constructing proper design elements, and the geometric application in the process are the design principles of the Doa-Rak-Dang block, the principles can be summarized as the geometric applications of axises and regulating lines interacting as the standard of the extension of public area.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 1998

Rural Environmental Planning (REP) is a method used by citizens in small towns and rural areas to plan their own future. REP assumes that the primary social value of rural people is to enhance a community's longterm viability by respecting the carrying capacity of the natural environment. REP derives its strength from the direct participation of those people affected by a plan. They determine its goals, shape its content, and implement its components. And both the rural environmental planner and the citizens involved in planning in their community must have a working knowledge of the legal framework of planning. In the results, REP reduces the cost of planning by drawing public agencies, not-for-profit organizations, volunteers from the private sector, and all vital resources available to rural people when they plan for their future.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.159-180
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• 2001

Despite the large and ongoing investments in information systems and technologies, many organizations still suffer from the lack of integration and interoperability of multiple information systems, In order to deal with these enduring problems, a number of government organizations and corporate firms in the United States have developed and maintained IT architectures through enterprise architecture planning. An IT architecture is a decision-making framework for IT planners and developers, establishing guidelines for the individual IT resource owners and users. It provides guidance to those involved in building and maintaining IT systems and infrastructure. Enterprise architecture planning represents a new paradigm of information systems planning in that it addresses the long-term view of the enterprise organization from top-level principles to detailed technology architectures. This paper explores a couple of cases in the successful implementation of IT architectures in both public and private sectors, and proposes a step-by-step methodology for building an effective IT architecture.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.205-214
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• 2004

The intent of this study is to investigate the current situations and planning implications of elementary schools in urban housing blocks, and to propose the planning and design guidelines for them. The premise of this research is that an elementary school should function as a communal facility, shared by its community, so called open-school. 32 schools in three new towns were selected as sample cases and they were closely surveyed in terms of their site planning issues in residential blocks, and three sample open-elementary schools were analyzed in a comparative manner for finding their roles and functional fulfillment as a communal facility in the neighborhoods. Based on the findings, several planning principles and design techniques or devices are suggested for the utilization of elementary schools by local residents, mainly making issues of location, relationship to other facilities and open spaces in residential blocks, access, apartment layout, school building and outdoor spaces, and open program.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 1993

Aims of the EXCEPT project and tasks and characteristics of the EXCEPT system are presented based on an analysis of urban planning EIAs. The methodology of evaluation in EIAs, which had to be developed in order to program the system, is based on a model of evaluation processes. Evaluation principles, evaluation rates, an environmental model and a model of the projects being planned are presented. The evaluation concern re-unifies the different components of evaluation again.