• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.16-28
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to arrange the terminology of the drawings in Chosun Dynasty, and to investigate the characteristics of drawings after the middle of Chos n Dynasty. This study is based on the and analysis of historic documents and drawings including drawings from China and Japan. In order to accomplish this, the drawings for the process of design were studied first, and the techniques of drawing were studied next in comparison with Japanese drawing techniques. Lastly, the technicians of drawing were studied. The results of this study were as follows; 1) Though the procedures of design Choson dynasty were not divided into planning, designing, construction and maintenance just like those of modern society, a variety of drawings in that time were used in each level. 2) The drawings in Choson Dynasty ere divided into Tohyong and Tosol, and mostly, those for design and construction were Tohy ng. 3) Based on the interpretation of Japanese drawings, several suggestions were presented to solve the questions of the drawing techniques for design and construction. 4) The technicians of drawing were the painters who were trained in a government organization in charge of royal paintings. In the future, research of this area should be continued in to deepen study on drawings as historical materials. This research provides meaningful of guidance in the analysis of historic drawing paintings.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.357-361
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• 2008

Although power analysis is of important tool of research, investigators in veterinary medicine are unaware of the concepts of the statistical power. Two types of error occur in classical hypothesis testing and, those errors should be avoided, if possible. Since power is highly dependent on the sample size, whenever declaring non-statistically significant result they should consider the potential for committing a Type II error in their studies, which refers to the probability of falsely stating that two treatments are equivalent despite true difference between them. Also, sample size determination is one of the most important tasks facing the researcher when planning a diagnostic study, and provides valuable information on the characteristics of a test performance. This type of analysis forms the basis for proper interpretation of test results. The aim of this article was to re-evaluate some selected studies on diagnostic test reported in the domestic veterinary publications to determine the power and necessary sample size for inequality testing to ensure the desired power. Power calculations were illustrated using real-life examples of comparison of a new test and a reference test for detecting antibodies of various animal diseases. Factors affecting to the power were also discussed.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.31-48
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• 1998

Soengyo-jang has some characteristics as the most great house, the special functions, and the non-regional type of house form. And it has constructed continuously for two centuries by many owners in the different generations, It needs a special research method ; which are consist of a) comprehension of background information from documents and oral instructed materials, b) pursuit of design process through the building survey, and c) theoretical interpretation about 'collectivism'. From the results of this research, it is revealed that the architectural purpose of this house was constructing 'a great manor'. At first phase, it had been a single ordinary house, at second, it had expanded to a complex including many housing clusters, and finally became to expand its dwelling territory into whole village. Its expansion was progressed by the four collecting phases of which were building, building cluster, group of clusters, and topological setting. Main design elements operated in each of collecting phases ; they were partial element of , exterior spaces of , a linear building of , and a pavilion of . The last two elements were also powerful datum.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.35-46
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to interpretate the Korean traditional Private Garden Pavilion -'byoul-seo(別墅)' in the view point of the architectural methodology - the separation of space in Honam province. It is presumed that nature union is archived through the 'yan-sang(玩賞)' which is ultimate state of knowledge that is base on the premises of opened signification in emancipation from narrow view point in the past and cognition of value. therefore, it is needed to know the unworldly point of space perception about the pavilion territory, furthermore to have conceptual method to distinct pavilion from the world. there are two methods in the distinct concept in this pavilion research: unworldly separation and meditative separation. As a result, the followings are conclusions; There two distinctive methods of planning of pavilion by use of the room and column. There are enclosement, turnaround, division of floor area in the room organization method, and it's modification of modulation, diversification of column height and diversification of column use in different space.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.2 s.9
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• pp.37-46
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• 2002

Clinical trials are experimental studies with human subjects in which various limitations and variables exist by their nature. As a preparatory stage for designing clinical trials in Oriental medicine, this study considers a virtual protocol to show guideline regarding tasks necessary when writing a trials protocol. Clinical trials have many difficulties in planning, procedure, and interpretation of results, and these may be influenced by various biases that are difficult to predict and eliminate. To deal with these issues, clinical trials need a collaboration between medical experts and biostatisticians from the beginning, through the entire trial, until the final analysis. Therefore, the first stage of clinical trials is to write out a trial plan among the experts in each field to derive the best design for the trial.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2004

Molecular imaging is a rapidly growing field due to the advances in molecular biology and imaging technologies. With the introduction of imaging reporter genes into the cell, diverse cellular processes can be monitored, quantified and imaged non-invasively in vivo. These precesses include the gene expression, protein-protein interactions, signal transduction pathways, and monitoring of cells such as cancer cells, immune cells, and stem cells. In the near future, molecular imaging analysis will allow us to observe the incipience and progression of the disease. These will make us easier to give a diagnosis in the early stage of intractable diseases such as canter, neuro-degenerative disease, and immunological disorders. Additionally, molecular imaging method will be a valuable tool for the real-time evaluation of cells in molecular biology and the basic biological studies. As newer and more powerful molecular imaging tools become available, it will be necessary to corporate clinicians, molecular biologists and biochemists for the planning, interpretation, and application of these techniques to their fullest potential. in order for such a multidisciplinary team to be effective, it is essential that a common understanding of basic biochemical and molecular biologic techniques is achieved. Basic molecular techniques for molecular imaging methods are presented in this paper.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-58
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop plans for activating the 4-H clubs in Korea. Data for this study were collected from 125 members in 4-H clubs and 140 extension educators who participated in 4-H activity. Total of 265 responses were analyzed after data screening. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS) for Windows for the personal computer were used to analyze the data. Frequency, percentage, ANOVA, and LSD test for post-hoc interpretation were employed to analyze the data with a statistical significance level of .05. Based on the conclusions of this study, following recommendations were offered: To activate rural youth organizations, especially 4-H clubs in Korea the following measures should be included in the plans for activation; 1) To classify membership into student and non-student clubs to focus on the needs of active members; 2) To establish clear objectives for club activities; 3) To enhance field-oriented operation of clubs; 4) To develop various activity programs that members could be fascinated; 5) To promote subject matter specialists in order to support club activities effectively; and 6) To clarify functions and roles of extension service centers and non-governmental organizations in order to support club activites.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.236-241
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• 1996

This paper presents a new eddy current testing system for inspecting tubes of steam generator in nuclear power plant. The proposed system adopted embedded expert system concept to automate tasks of the inspection such as inspection planning and flaw signal interpretation, and integrated all the tasks into a client/server type computing architecture using database management system. Therefore, human factor errors occurred during inspection could be minimized and the inspection data could be transferred in real-time. As a result, we can increase the level of inspection confidence and the productivity of a personal inspector. A prototype of the proposed system has been developed for 5 years and the test operation has been performed in domestic nuclear power plants.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the clinical judgement rubric on simulation practice with a post-operative rehabilitation case. Methods: Methodological study design was used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the clinical judgement rubric on simulation practice. The participants were 35 students in a college of nursing. Results: There were showed reliability and validity of the clinical judgement rubric on simulation practice with a post-operative rehabilitation case. In terms of internal consistency, the Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for all columns was .821. Factor analysis showed that planning, intervention and evaluation domains with Eigen values of 69.87% were bound, unlike the original tool where four factors including noticing, interpretation, responding and reflecting domains were bound. Convergent validity was established by the correlation between the total clinical judgement score and critical thinking disposition before and after simulation practice. Discriminative validity was established by the correlation between the total clinical judgement score and simulation effectiveness score. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that clinical judgement rubric on simulation practice is reliable. Repeated studies are needed to objectively evaluate the clinical judgement rubric of simulation practice for applying various clinical situations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.230-238
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• 2015

The main purpose of this paper is to suggest opportunities for reducing $CO_2$ emission in energy conversion of a vehicle, focused on auxiliary energy improvement in the automotive field. As part of worldwide efforts to curb global warming and to protect the domestic industry as trade barriers, many countries have set goals to regulate greenhouse gas emissions. As an example, new $CO_2$ emission regulation in EU was expected to go into effect strictly in 2020. Therefore, global car-makers need to establish strategic responsiveness of the regulations. This paper shows $CO_2$ economic value by using the correct interpretation of the relevant laws and regulations. The $CO_2$ value analyzed using quantitative figures leads to the possibility of auxiliary(accessories, HVAC, electric apparatus etc.) technology for improving fuel economy. As a result, this study generalizes the meaning of electric power saving for each driving mode by auxiliary energy improvement.