• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.160-160
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• 2010

ELVs (End-of-Vehicles) in Korea incrasease continusely because of increase of used car. Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) is final product of ELVs (End-of-Vehicles) after recycling. Automobile Shredder Residue are composed of light and heavy fluffs and soil/dust. In this study, 5 ton/day pilot plant of shaft type has been designed and constructed and 15 times of test run were performed. For the stable operation, operation conditions such as the amount of fed ASR and cokes, air flow and temperature in the gasification melting system have been changed and the composition of the produced gas such as $H_2$, CO and $CH_4$ and air pollution compound including dioxin discharged from the stack have been analyzed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 1995

Today a conventional water treatment system has many problems. The ozone/GAC process, sometimes termed Biological Activated Carbon(BAC), appeared to be effective for the removal of soluble organic matters in the drinking water. The water quality of Nak-dong river in Pusan, generally shows BDOC 30-40% and NBDOC 60-70%. The pilot plant installed at the Duk-san water works that was been largest treatability(1,650,000ton/day) in Pusan. A experimental water in the pilot plant made use of the water after sand-filteration. Following results are drawn from this study. Initial adsorption velocity($DOC/DOC_o/T$) in the pure adsorption of GAG had a 0.0225, it's velocity changed to 0.006 after ozone added and the optimum ozone dose ranged of $1.4-2.0mgO_3/L$. A experimental water in the pilot plant composed with humic material(78%). Humic material composed with humic acid(20%) and fulvic acid(56%), and it's rate changed to 18 and 50% respectively after ozone added. DOC constantly decreased in the EBCTs and removal efficieny in the 15min of EBCT was 45-50%. It showed the largest removal rate of BDOC in the EBCT 5 and among the season, characteristics of removal varied. The HPC distributed over $10^6-10^7CFU/cm^3$ in the bed depth and among the season, distribution of HPC were differential.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11b
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• pp.307-311
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• 2002

최근의 전력 공급 시장에서는 전력 공급의 유연성을 확보함과 동시에 고품질의 전력을 높은 신뢰성을 가지면서 수용가에 공급하는 송전기술에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 이러한 시장의 요구에 부응하여 송전 시스템의 유효전력 및 무효전력을 능동적으로 제어할 수 있는 FACTS(Flexible AC Transmission System) 기기의 개념이 도입되었다 FACTS기술의 개념은 기존에 수동적으로 제어하였던 선로의 전압, 임피던스 및 위상각을 능동적으로 제어함으로써 전력공급의 유연성 및 신뢰성을 높이는 것이다 국내에서는 과거 일련의 project를 통하여 인버터형 FACTS 기기외 국내 적용을 위한 연구를 수행해 왔으며, 그 결과를 토대로 한전 전력연구원, (주)효성, 미국 Siemens사 및 국내 연구소와 협동연구의 형태로 한전의 154kV 계통에 적용되는 80MVA급 UPFC(Unified Power Flow Controller) pilot plant project를 진행하고 있다. 본 pilot plant project를 통하여 인버터형 FACTS 기기인 UPFC를 실제계통에 설치, 운영함으로써 향후 한국의 기간 계통인 345kV 송전 시스템에 적용할 시스템의 사양 및 운용전략을 도출할 계획이다. 본 논문에서는 국내 계통의 특징, pilot plant가 설치될 지역의 계통현황 및 기기의 사양을 소개하고 기기의 현장 설치 및 시험 진행 상황에 대하여 설명하였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.175-185
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• 2011

Ultrafiltration is an emerging technology for drinking water treatment because it produces better water quality as compared with conventional treatment systems. More recently, the combination of UF technology with other processes in order to improve its performance has been observed. These associations aim to maximize the contaminants removal and reduce membrane fouling. The operational performance of contaminants removal and water production of two UF pilot plants was compared. The first plant (Guarapiranga) was fed with raw water and the second plant (ABV) with pre-treated water by the coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation processes at Alto da Boa Vista WTP (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Both units operated continuously for approximately 2,500 hours, from September/2009 to January/2010. The results showed that the ABV UF pilot plant was able to operate at higher specific fluxes (6.2 $L.d^{-1}.m^{-2}.kPa^{-1}$ @ $25^{\circ}C$) than Guarapiranga (3.1 $L.d^{-1}.m^{-2}.kPa^{-1}$ @ $25^{\circ}C$). However, the number of chemical cleanings conducted in both pilot units during the considered operation period was the same (4 chemical cleanings for each plant), which shows that the pre-treatment reduced the membrane fouling. The water quality at ABV for all the variables analyzed was better, but the feed water quality was also better due to pretreatment. The rejection values for the different contaminants were higher at Guarapiranga mainly because of a pollution load reduction after pre-treatment at ABV. Even with the better performance of the ABV UF pilot plant, it is necessary to take into consideration the complexity of the complete treatment system, and also the costs involved in the construction and operation of a full-scale treatment unit.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.561-564
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• 2005

Gasification has been regarded as a very important technology to decrease environmental pollution and to obtain higher efficiency. The gasification process converts carbon containing feedstock into a synthesis gas, composed primarily of CO and $H_2$. And the synthesis gas can be used as a source for power generation or chemical material production. Through more than nine years, IAE developed and upgraded several gasification/melting pilot plant system, and obtained a good quality synthesis gas. This paper illustrates the gasification characteristics and operation results of two 3 ton/day synthesis gas production facilities. One is entrained-bed slagging type coal gasifier system which is normally operated in the temperature range of $1,400\~1,450^{\circ}C,\;8\~10$ bar pressure. And the other is fixed-bed type gasification/melting furnace system using MSW and industrial wastes as a feedstock.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 2011

Biofilm and aeration tank of pilot and full RABC (rotating activated Bacillus contactor) plant were analyzed to characterize and determine bacterial community structure in food wastewater treatment system at winter. Concentration of heterotrophic bacteria and Bacillus group was $10^7$ and $10^5$ CFU/ml, respectively, at biofilm of pilot-plant while others represented $10^6$ and $10^4$ CFU/ml, respectively. Five and eight phyla were detected at biofilm of pilot- and full-plant, respectively, by 16S rDNA sequencing. Biofilm of pilot-plant was dominated by ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (38.8%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (22.4%), and Bacteroidetes (12.2%), and the most dominant genus was Zoogloeae genus (22.4%). Candidate division TM7 (12.5%) was only detected at biofilm of full-plant and it was dominated by Bacteroidetes (33.3%), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (29.2%), and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria (20.8%). Clostridium genus specific primer set enabled to detect the sequences of Clostridium genus. These suggested that anaerobic and aerobic bacteria were coexisted even from the initial period of biofilm formation and ${\beta}$-Proteobacteria, ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were major phyla in biofilm of food wastewater treatment system at winter.

• Environmental engineer
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• s.181
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• pp.70-75
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• 2001

본 연구는 '99년 7월에 벤처형 중소기업 기술개발 지원사업으로 신규 계약된 과제로서 상수원수의 전처리 및 하수 2차 침전수의 재처리 공정에 활용될 생물 산화 여과지를 개발하는 것이다. 생물 산화 여과 system은 상수 원수의 전처리, 상수도의 고도정수 처리, 하수 및 폐수처리에 이용될 수 있는 것으로, 특히 물리적 여과기능과 포기 과정을 통한 산화 기능을 포함하는 생물학적 분해 및 자연정화처리환경을 유지하여 수질이 악화된 상수도의 전·후처리나 하.폐수의 3차 처리에 적용하기 위한 것이다. 생물 산화 여과 시스템은 여과지의 하부 장치에 균등한 공기(산소)공급시설을 하여 여과층에 연속적으로 공기를 공급하면서 여과를 함으로서 생물막 여과 및 산화 기능으로 유기물질, 철, 망간 등을 제거하고 공기의 부상력에 의하여 조류, 부유물질, 냄새 등을 동시에 제거하는 System이다. 현재 상수처리 공정으로서의 생물 산화 여과지 개발을 위해 Bench-scale과 semi-pilot plant를 거쳐 Y시 M취수장애 pilot plant를 설치하여 연구를 진행중에 있으며, 또한, G시 G하수처리장에 하수처리 공정에 관한 연구를 위해 pilot plant를 설치하고 하수 3차 처리와 저농도 하·폐수 처리를 중심으로 연구중에 있다. 아래의 연구 결과는 정수처리 공정 연구를 위한 Bench-scale plant실험을 통해 얻은 결과치이며 현재까지 진행된 연구는 주로 정수처리 공정 중심으로 이루어 졌으나 pilot plant에서는 정수 및 하수처리에서의 생물산화여과공정의 연구가 진행중이다. 현재 연구가 진행중이므로 각 인자별 최적운전조건 등은 계속적인 실험과 연구를 통해 찾아지겠으나 현재까지 수행된 연구자료를 기반으로 볼 때 생물산화 여과장치는 탁도, SS, VSS 등의 제거에 탁월한 효능을 보이고 있다. 수처리용 장치로서의 이러한 기본적인 기능 이외에 NPOC, DOC 제거에도 뛰어난 효능을 보이고 있으며 특히 정수처리 공정에서 문제시 되고 있는 동절기 암모니아성 질소제거 또한 큰 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 그 동안 외국기술에 전면 의존해 오던 생물 산화 여과방식의 국내개발은 비용 절감뿐만 아니라 국내 실정에 맞는 기술개발이라는 점에서 향후 그 적용 범위를 넓혀 갈 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.107-114
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• 1995

The raw drinking water quality is getting worse because of the winter drought and the conventional treatment system is'nt suitable to obtain the satisfied quality of water. So, the advanced water system, BAC(Biological Activated Carbon) process is said to be effective to remove dissolved organics and ammonia nitrogen. In our study, the BAC pilot plant using Nak-dong river water is tested in low temperature. Following results are found from the study. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of BAC system using wood-based carbon (PICABIOL) was 99% in $6^{\circ}C$ temperature. Chlorine dosage in wood-based BAC effluent was reduced to 67% of that in sand filtered wate. It resulted from the removal of ammonia nitrogen. Also, THM formed by chlorine addition in wood-based BAC effluent was decreased to 65% of that in sand filtered water. In the case of dual-filter, the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen was increased 30% more than in conventional sand filter. According to this result, the ammonia nitrogen load to BAC system could be lessened by the use of dual-filter.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.174-179
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• 2009

The InSub system(applied for a patent) was developed, as it combined the indirectly aerated submerged biofiltration(InSub) reactor and Anaerobic/ Anoxic reactor. This system which can eliminate organism and nutrient materials at the same time, which is safe and economical to be maintained and managed is more simple process than the complicated existing biological advanced sewage treatment system. The most suitable HRT of this study showed 9 hours. As looking into the effluent concentration and removal efficiency of each item at 9 hours of HRT, each effluent concentration for $SS,\;BOD5,\;COD_{Mn},\;and\;COD_{Cr}$ was 1.46 mg/L, 7,09 mg/L, 9.84 mg/L and 16.42 mg/L. And their removal efficiency was 96.98%. 90.59%, 77.18% and 83.92%, respectively. Each effluent concentration of T-N and T-P was 10.42 mg/L and 1.04 mg/L. Their removal efficiency was 73.38% and 61.62%, respectively. This pilot plant experiment(the state was without the internal recycling.) followed a variety of HRT. The results confirmed that it was to be advanced sewage treatment system with high efficiency when it combined with the internal recycling.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.659-668
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• 2006

The optimization of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) process for decomposing nitromethane was studied by means of a design of experiments. The optimum operating region for the SCWO process to minimize COD and T-N of treated water was obtained in a lab scale unit. The authors had compared the results from a SCWO pilot plant with those from a lab scale system to explore the problems of scale-up of SCWO process. The COD and T-N in treated waters were selected as key process output variables (KPOV) for optimization, and the reaction temperature (Temp) and the mole ratio of nitromethane to ammonium hydroxide (NAR) were selected as key process input variables (KPIV) through the preliminary tests. The central composite design as a statistical design of experiments was applied to the optimization, and the experimental results were analyzed by means of the response surface method. From the main effects analysis, it was declared that COD of treated water steeply decreased with increasing Temp but slightly decreased with an increase in NAR, and T-N decreased with increasing both Temp and NAR. At lower Temp as $420{\sim}430^{\circ}C$, the T-N steeply decreased with an increase in NAR, however its variation was negligible at higher Temp above $450^{\circ}C$. The regression equations for COD and T-N were obtained as quadratic models with coded Temp and NAR, and they were confirmed with coefficient of determination ($r^2$) and normality of standardized residuals. The optimum operating region was defined as Temp $450-460^{\circ}C$ and NAR 1.03-1.08 by the intersection area of COD < 2 mg/L and T-N < 40 mg/L with regression equations and considering corrosion prevention. To confirm the optimization results and investigate the scale-up problems of SCWO process, the nitromethane was decomposed in a pilot plant. The experimental results from a SCWO pilot plant were compared with regression equations of COD and T-N, respectively. The results of COD and T-N from a pilot plant could be predicted well with regression equations which were derived in a lab scale SCWO system, although the errors of pilot plant data were larger than lab ones. The predictabilities were confirmed by the parity plots and the normality analyses of standardized residuals.