• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2004

The present study was conducted to assess sperm characteristics in miniature-pig. The semen samples were transported to the laboratory at 17℃ within 3 hours after collection. The extended semen was stored at 17℃, and sperm quality was evaluated at 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after storage. The semen volume of miniature-pig (62±22㎖) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of Duroc (155±25㎖) and Yorkshire (154±23㎖). Significant differences were also observed in sperm concentrations. During 3 days of storage, sperm viability did not differ among miniature-pig, Duroc and Yorkshire. However, the viability was significantly (p<0.05) lower in miniature-pig than in Duroc and Yorkshire semen after Day 3 of storage. In abnormality, acrosome intactness and intensity, there were no differences among miniature-pig, Duroc and Yorkshire semen. On the other hand, the viability of frozen-thawed sperm in miniature-pig was significantly (p<0.05) lower than in that of Duroc and Yorkshire. This study also examined CTC patterns in frozen-thawed spermatozoa. The rates of AR pattern were higher in miniature-pig than in Duroc and Yorkshire. However, no difference was found in F, B and AR patterns. The results of present study suggest that further research is necessary to develop of semen extender and freezing methods to improve sperm quality in miniature-pig.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2013

배관용 비파괴 검사에서 자기누설방식을 이용하여 배관의 결함을 검출하도록 개발된 탐상 시스템 장비를 MFL PIG(Magnetic Flux Leakage Pipeline Inspection Gauge)라 한다. 이 장비는 투자율이 큰 금속 배관의 길이 방향인 축방향으로 자기장을 형성하고, 결함이 있는 부분에 발생하는 누설 자속 신호를 홀센서를 이용하여 검출한다. 하지만 MFL PIG는 배관에 축방향으로 발생한 미소결함에 대해서는 누설 자속의 발생량이 미세하여 결함 유무를 판별하기 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 배관에 발생한 축방향 미소결함을 검출하기위해 CMFL(Circumferential MFL) PIG를 적용하였고, 결함 주위에 발생한 누설 자속 신호의 크기 및 분포를 3차원 정자계 유한요소법을 이용하여 검출 및 분석하였다. 이러한 검출 신호로부터 길이, 폭, 깊이와 같은 결함의 형상을 판정하는 기법을 제안하였고 이를 CMFL PIG 모의 성능 실험을 통하여 비교 및 검증하였다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

This paper presents simple models for flow and the PIG dynamics when it passes through a $90^{\circ}$ curved section of pipeline. The simulation has been done with two different operational boundary conditions. The solution fur non-linear hyperbolic partial equations for flow is given by using MOC. The Runge-Kuta method is used to solve the initial condition equation fur flow and the PIG dynamics equation. The simulation results show that the proposed model and solution can be used fur estimating the PIG dynamics when the pig runs in the pipeline including curved section. In this paper, dynamic modeling and its analysis for the PIG flow through $90^{\circ}$ curved pipe with compressible and unsteady flow are studied. The PIG dynamics model is derived by using Lagrange equation under assumption that it passes through 3 different sections in the curved pipeline such that it moves into, inside and out of the curved section. The downstream and up stream flow dynamics including the curved sections are solved using MOC. The effectiveness of the derived mathematical models is estimated by simulation results fur a low pressure natural gas pipeline including downward and upward curved sections. The simulation results show that the proposed model and solution can be used for estimating the PIG dynamics when we pig the pipeline including curved section.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2021

양돈 ICT 자동 급이기는 설정된 조건에 맞춰 사료 등을 자동 급이가 가능하다. 그러나, 설정 조건 자체는 사용자의 경험에 의존해야 하는 단점이 있다. 그렇기 때문에, 시행착오를 유발하고, 효율성이 떨어지는 문제가 발생하고 있다. 따라서, 데이터에 기반한 최적의 급이 설정 조건을 제시해 양돈 생산성을 향상시킬 수 있는 시스템 개발 및 서비스 모델 구현이 필요하다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 기존의 급이 데이터, 사양관리 데이터 및 양돈 생산 관리 시스템 등의 성적분석 프로그램을 활용한 양돈 급이 관리 서비스 모델을 개발하였다. 이를 통해, 양돈 데이터 분석으로 효율적으로 활용할 수 있는 수요자 중심의 급이 관리 서비스 모델을 개발하였다. 또한, 지능화된 자동 급이 관리 서비스로 농가의 폐사율 감소 및 MSY 증가에 일조함으로써 양돈 농가의 생산성 향상과 이로 인해 양돈 농가의 소득 증대에 기여하는 서비스를 제공할 수 있다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1350-1364
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• 2021

Objective: Adequate vitamin and trace mineral intake for pigs are important to achieve satisfactory growth performance. There are no data available on the vitamin and trace mineral intake across pig producers in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the amount of vitamin and trace minerals used in Chinese pig diets. Methods: A 1-year survey of supplemented vitamin and trace minerals in pig diets was organized in China. A total of 69 producers were invited for the survey, which represents approximately 90% of the pig herd in China. Data were compiled by bodyweight stages to determine descriptive statistics. Nutrients were evaluated for vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B₆, vitamin B₁₂, pantothenic acid, niacin, folic acid, biotin, choline, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, and iodine. Data were statistically analyzed by functions in Excel. Results: The results indicated variation for supplemented vitamin (vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B₁₂, pantothenic acid, niacin, and choline) and trace minerals (copper, manganese, zinc, and iodine) in pig diets, but most vitamins and trace minerals were included at concentrations far above the total dietary requirement estimates reported by the National Research Council and the China's Feeding Standard of Swine. Conclusion: The levels of vitamin and trace mineral used in China's pig industry vary widely. Adding a high concentration for vitamin and trace mineral appears to be common practice in pig diets. This investigation provides a reference for supplementation rates of the vitamins and trace minerals in the China's pig industry.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2022

It is impossible to know the amount of pork primal cut by pig carcass grade which is determined only by carcass weight and backfat thickness in the Korean Pig Carcass System. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the pig carcass grade and the amount of pork primal cut estimated with AutoFom III. A total of 419,321 Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc (LYD) pigs were graded with the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. Amounts of belly, neck, loin, tenderloin, spare ribs, shoulder, and ham were estimated with AutoFom III. Regression equations for seven primal cuts according to each grade were derived. There were significant differences among the three carcass grades due to heteroscedasticity variance (p < 0.0001). Three regression equations were derived from AutoFom III estimation of primal cuts according to carcass grades. The coefficient of determination of the regression equation was 0.941 for grade 1⁺, 0.982 for grade 1, and 0.993 for grade 2. Regression equations obtained from this study are suitable for AutoFom III software, a useful tool for the analysis of each pig carcass grade in the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. The high reliability of predicting the amount of primal cut with AutoFom III is advantageous for the management of slaughterhouses to optimize their product sorting in Korea.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제37권4_spc호
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• pp.719-729
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• 2024

Global pig production has increased by 140% since the 1960s. The increase in global population, coupled with improving socioeconomic conditions of many countries has led to an increased consumption of meat globally, including pork. To keep up with demand and capitalize on economic opportunities, the countries of China, the United States (US), and the European Union (EU) have become the top 3 pork producers globally. China is of particular interest, as it is the both the largest country in pork production and pig numbers, as well as being the largest importer of pork from other countries. Globally, the efficiency of pork production has improved, in relation to the integration of pig production and the dramatic increase in research efforts in pig nutrition and production. Through integration, large producers can consolidate resources and maximize profits and efficiency. The increased research interest and efforts in pig production have given scientists and producers the opportunity to collaborate to adapt to challenges and identify possible solutions to issues brought on by a volatile global market. Intestinal health (23%), general nutrition and growth (23%), and amino acid nutrition (15%) were the top 3 areas (61%) leading research trends in pig nutrition and production. Major dietary interventions with feed additives evaluated include functional amino acids, feed enzymes, pre-/pro-/post-biotics, and phytobiotics with a common goal to improve the growth efficiency by enhancing nutrient utilization and intestinal health. With increasing global issues with environment, pig producers and the supporting scientists should continue their efforts to improve the production efficiency and to reduce the environmental footprint from pig production.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2006

본 연구는 치주질환 병인론 연구에 빈번히 사용되는 Prevotella intermedia ATCC 49046 균주를 특이적으로 검출 및 동정할 수 있는 PCR primer를 개발하기 위하여 시행하였다. P. intermedia ATCC 49046 유전체 DNA를 추출하고, Hind III 제한효소를 이용하여 무작위 클로닝법으로 유전체 DNA 절편을 얻었다. Southern blot 분석법을 이용하여 DNA 절편의 특이성을 조사하였고, chain termination 법을 이용하여 핵산염기서열을 결정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 PCR primer를 설계하고, P. intermedia ATCC 49046에 대한 균주 특이성 및 검출 한계(민감도)를 조사하였다. Southern blot 분석 결과 Pig6 DNA probe는 서양인에서 분리 동정된 P. intermedia 균주와만 hybridization하였고, 한국인에서 분리 동정된 P. intermedia균주들과는 반응이 없었다. Pig6 DNA probe는 813 bp의 핵산염기로 구성되어 있었으며, 이를 바탕으로 설계된 Pig6-F3와 Pig6-R3 primer 쌍에 의해서는 서양 균주에 특이적인 PCR산물이 증폭되었다. Pig6-60F와 Pig6-770R primer 쌍에 의해서는 P. intermedia ATCC 49046 유전체 DNA에서만 특이적인 PCR 산물이 증폭되었다. 두 가지 primer 쌍들 각각에 대한 P. intermedia 유전체 DNA량의 검출 한계를 알아보기 위한 민감도실험 결과 두가지 primer 쌍들 모두 4 pg (약2000마리)까지 검출 가능하였다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면, Pig6-60F와 Pig6-770R primer쌍은 P. intermedia ATCC 49046을 균주 특이적으로 동정할 수 있어, 이 균주의 보존적 측면에서 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1809-1815
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• 2019

Objective: Copy number variations (CNVs) are a major source of genetic diversity complementary to single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in animals. The aim of the study was to perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of CNVs based on high density whole-genome SNP markers in Chinese Dongxiang spotted pigs. Methods: We used customized Affymetrix Axiom Pig1.4M array plates containing 1.4 million SNPs and the PennCNV algorithm to identify porcine CNVs on autosomes in Chinese Dongxiang spotted pigs. Then, the next generation sequence data was used to confirm the detected CNVs. Next, functional analysis was performed for gene contents in copy number variation regions (CNVRs). In addition, we compared the identified CNVRs with those reported ones and quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the pig QTL database. Results: We identified 871 putative CNVs belonging to 2,221 CNVRs on 17 autosomes. We further discarded CNVRs that were detected only in one individual, leaving us 166 CNVRs in total. The 166 CNVRs ranged from 2.89 kb to 617.53 kb with a mean value of 93.65 kb and a genome coverage of 15.55 Mb, corresponding to 0.58% of the pig genome. A total of 119 (71.69%) of the identified CNVRs were confirmed by next generation sequence data. Moreover, functional annotation showed that these CNVRs are involved in a variety of molecular functions. More than half (56.63%) of the CNVRs (n = 94) have been reported in previous studies, while 72 CNVRs are reported for the first time. In addition, 162 (97.59%) CNVRs were found to overlap with 2,765 previously reported QTLs affecting 378 phenotypic traits. Conclusion: The findings improve the catalog of pig CNVs and provide insights and novel molecular markers for further genetic analyses of Chinese indigenous pigs.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국HCI학회 2006년도 학술대회 1부
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• pp.1107-1112
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• 2006

Geometry PIG (Pipeline Inspection Gauge)는 배관 내에 삽입되어 내부를 흐르는 매체에 의해서 추진되는 장치로서 배관의 기하학적 형상을 파악하기 위해 사용된다. Geometry PIG는 여러 종류의 센서를 지니고 배관 내부를 주행 하면서 탑재된 저장장치에 빠른 샘플링 속도로 데이터를 저장하기 때문에 획득된 많은 양의 데이터를 분석하기 위한 가시화 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 데이터의 특성을 고려하여 다양한 가시화 기법들의 스키마를 정의하고, 이러한 가시화 기법들을 이용해 geometry PIG 데이터 분석을 위한 통합된 가시화 기법을 제안한다. 통합된 가시화 기법은 각 가시화 기법들을 사용자가 원하는 형태로 배치하며 사용자가 원하는 시점에서 데이터를 파악할 수 있도록 가시화 기법에 따른 동기화와 사용자 인터페이스를 지원한다.