• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.5_2
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• pp.519-529
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• 1998

The vegetation of alpine and subalpine zone from timber line, 2,000m altitude, to the upper area of Mt. Packtu were investigated by phytosociological method. The plant distribution along to the different altitudes shown as follows: Betula ermani community with Rhododendron redowskianum occupied dominantly at 2,000m area as patch forms, Rhododendron redowskianum community with Vaccinium uliginosum, at 2,180-2,200m area, both Vaccinium uliginosum and Rhododendron redowskianum community were compatible with each other at 2,243m area. Rhododendron redowskianum community at 2,250, Salix rotundifolia community, Erigeron thunbergii var. glabrata community, Dryas octopetala var. asiatica community and Carex atrata community were occurred frequently at 2,263m around Chonji Lake. Rhododendron aureum, Thunbergii coccinea and V accinium uliginosum showed higher cover degree than other species at 2,370m area, Phyllodoce coerulea-Rhododendron aureum community at 2,400m, Rhododendron redowskianum community at 2,470m, Rhododendron aureum community at 2,490m, Salix rotundifolia at 2,520m, Rhododendron redowskianum community at 2,580m, Dryas octopetala var. asiatica community, Salix rotundifolia, and bistorta achotensis etc. at 2,650 altitude area were settled as sparse, creeping shape on the surface soil and dwarf plants of about 15cm heights.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.175-192
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• 1988

The coastal vegetation of the southwestern coast of Korea was surveyed by the Braun-Blnquet's phytosociological sKDICe and its soil properties were also determined. Comparing with the coastal vegetation of Korea, Japan and Europe, the vegetation of this area could be classified into as follows; A. Thero-Salicornietea R. Tx. 1954(Salicor-nietum herbaceae assoc. nov.). B. Thero-Suaedetea Rivas Martwez 1979 (Suaedetum japonicae Miyawaki et Ohba 1966, Suaeda maritima commuity, Atriplici-Suaedetum maritimi Miyawaki et Ohba 1965, Suaeda asparagoided community) C. Asteretea tripolium Westhoff et Beeftink 1962 (Zoysietum sinice Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973, Limonietum tetragoni Miyawaki et Ohba 1969, Artemisietum scopariae assoc. nov., Aster tripolium community, Atriplex, gmelini community) D. Phragmitetea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 (Triglochietum maritimae assoc. nov., Carcetum scabrifoliae Miyawaki et Ohba 1969, phragmites communis community, Pyaceluretum latifolii Miyawaki et Okuda 1972, Scirpus fluviatilis community) E. Salsoletea komarovil Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973(Salsola komarovi community) F. Glehnietea littoralis ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973(Caricetum pumilae assoc. nov., Meserschmidia sibirica community, Lysimachia mauri-tiana community Ishaemum anthephoroides community, Elymus mollis commuity, carex kobomugi community, Ixeris repens community) G. Viticetea rotundifoliae Ohba, Miyawaki et Tx. 1973 (Imperato cylindricae-Viticetum rotundifoliae ohba, Miyawaki ex Tx. 1973) and Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten community. Among the soil properties, water potential seems to be one fo the most important factor on the distribution of the coastal plant community and it might be highly affected by water content in sand and salinity in low marsh.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.117-129
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken in moist temperate forest of Mandal-Chopta area in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, India. The aim of the present study was to assess the physical properties of soils in relation to the forest structure and composition. Twelve forest types according to the altitude, slope aspect and species compositions were selected for the study. Physical properties of soil i.e., soil colour, soil texture (per cent of sand, silt and clay), moisture content, water holding capacity, porosity, bulk density (gm/$cm^3$) and void ratio were analyzed for three different depths viz., (i) 'upper' (0-10 cm), (ii) 'middle' (11-30 cm) and (iii) 'lower' (31-60 cm) in all the selected forest types. Phytosociological and diversity parameters viz. total basal cover ($Gha^{-1}$), stem density ($Nha^{-1}$), tree species richness, Simpson concentration of dominance and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were also calculated for each forest type. This study also provides the comparisons between the results of physical analysis of the present study with numerous other previous studies in the temperate Himalayan region of the Uttarakhand.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.165-180
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• 2023

This study investigated 62 nested quadrat plots of Jinaksan to identify community classification and changes of the vegetation by using the phytosocial method and analyzed importance values. Vegetation types were classified into 8 communities: Quercus mongolica community, Q. variableis community, Q. aliena community, Pinus densiflora, Q. acutissima, Zelkova serrata, Carpinis laxiflora, and C. tschonoskii. The significance value was highest in Q. mongolica (62.75) followed by P. densiflora (55.16), Q. variabilis community (25.03), Z. serrata (22.17), Q. aliena (18.30), Prunus serrulata var. pubescens (16.86), C. laxiflora (13.25), Q. acutissima (10.72), C. tschonoskii (10.08), Q. serrata (8.02), Fraxinus sieboldiana (6.93), Acer pseudosieboldianum (6.73), and Styrax obassis (5.73). Quercus mongolica displayed a stable distribution pattern, presenting a reverse J-shaped curve from the diameter at breast height (DBH) analysis, and it was judged that current state would be maintained for a certain period. In addition, P. densiflora is expected to dominate for the time being and Quercus species are expected to gradually decrease.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of native Asparagus cochinchinensis and ecological characteristic in South Korea. Natural vegetative areas were investigated at 5 areas; Taean, Buan, Geoje, Namhae and Jindo. In this study, the $5m{\times}5m$ quadrat was established for recording coverage and appearance species by phytosociological method. The flora of the studied area in native habitats were listed as 130 species. The native habitats was classified into Pinus thunbergii community and typical community. Two communities were located in a coastal cliff and have been destroyed. Therefore Asparagus cochinchinensis native habitats must be protected by regulation. In the studied sites, soil pH, organic matter, nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable K, exchangeable Ca, exchangeable Mg and cation exchange capacity were ranged from $5.1{\sim}5.7%$, $1.77{\sim}3.59%$, $0.19{\sim}0.54%$, $5.4{\sim}18.7$ (mg/kg), $0.24{\sim}0.48$ (cmol+/kg) $0.76{\sim}2.83$ (cmol+/kg), $3.11{\sim}6.22$ (cmol+/kg) and $8.7{\sim}24.5$(cmol+/kg), respectively.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.120-127
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• 2018

Background: Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. is a successful invader that has been propagating globally. In Korea, Cakile edentula was found in 2008 for the first time, in the east coast of Korean peninsula. Based on site surveys conducted thereafter, Cakile edentula has propagated in the east coast from Goseong to Jeongdongjin, Gangneung and in the west coast of city of Hwaseong of Gyeonggi-do Province, and Taeangun County of Chungcheongnam-do Province. Results: Cakile edentula has infiltrated into four different vegetation communities (syntaxa) (Calystegio soldanellaeSalsoletum komarovii Ohba, Miyawakiet Tx.1967; Elymo-caricetum Kobomugi Miyawaki 1967; Carex pumila; and Calystegia soldanella) belonging to phytosociological classes of saltwort (barilla) and coastal glehnia. Cakile edentula competes with dominant species such as the saltwort (barilla) and beach morning glory, causing qualitative changes in species composition. It also affects local ecosystems through its competition with indigenous species, causing destruction of the traditional landscape. Conclusions: However, competition of Cakile edentula with indigenous species and the resulting replacement of such species are limitedly reported. Potential competitors with Cakile edentula have not been found yet. In Northeast Asia, qualitative changes realized in local ecosystems due to invasion of Cakile edentula are significantly noticeable. These necessitate proper controls for this invasive alien species to protect and preserve coastal dune areas.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.333-344
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• 1994

Community structure and habitat characteristics of Acer mono stands were studied in Mt. Giri $(127{\circ}35'E.,\;35{\circ}18'N)$ and Mt. $Baekun(127{\circ}38'E.,\;35{\circ}05'N)$. The vegetation was investigated by the Braun-Blanquet's phytosociological method. Distribution of Acev mono was most abundant on eastern and western slopes in valley side. The community structure was composed of 4 layers and average number of species appeared in each quadrat was 24. Habitats were almost covered with exposed rocks and the surface soil was classified to clay loam. The isothermal date lines of Mt. Giri and Baekun were 130 and 120 days, respectively, which is the number of days with mean daily minimum temperature below zero during the year. The daily range of temperature was compared at 4 regions during sap extraction.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.439-457
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• 1993

The present study was undertaken to classify and describe the forest vegetation on Imha-dam area, located at the northern part of Kyungsang-pookdo, Korea by the phytosociological method of the Z-M school. The field investigations were carried out in 60 plots around the dam area from May 1, 1991 to October 10, 1992. The vegetation data obtained were classified by the table comparison method. As a result, the following vegetation units were recognized: A. Pinus densiflova community A-a. Miscanthus sinensis group A-b. Carex humilzs group A-c. Typical group B. Quercetum variabili-serratae Kobayashi, Muranaga et Takeda 1976 C. Robinin pseudo-acacia-Conzmeli~ta comnzultis community D. Larix leptolepis community The vascular plant species of these forest communities consist of 63 families, 144 genera, 191 species and 30 varieties. Also the relationship of the vegetation units with their environments such as altitude, slope, topography and soil condition was discussed here. On the basis of the floristic composition, life-form spectrum and soil analysis, a sere for the forest vegetation was proposed as follows: Rohinia pseitdo-acacia-Conz~neli~za communis community and Larix leptolepis community $\rightarrow$ Pinus densiflora community $\rightarrow$ Quercetunz variahili-serratae $\rightarrow$ Quercus mongolica community. Lastly, relating to the nature conservation of dam area, some of plans were discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.267-271
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• 2001

A phytosociological study on the hierarchical classification system of the Rosetalia rugosae, developed at the coastal dunes in the cool-temperate region of Northeast Asia, was carried out. Currently, the Rosetalia rugosae is subordinated to the Rosetea multiflorae which is the highest rank of the mantle vegetation in Northeast Asia, however its hierarchical system is somewhat ambiguous. This study was accomplished by using the syntaxa and hierarchical system of the Rosetalia rugosae and Rosetea multiflorae, and by also using 197 homogeneous relevns of the Rosetalia rugosae in South Korea and Japan in terms of the Zbrich-Montpellier School. For the hierarchical analysis of the Rosetalia rugosae, the constancy, the frequency and the net contribution degree were evaluated. It is estimated that the Rosetalia rugosae and the Rosetea multiflorae are hardly related to reciprocally. Thus, the subordination of the Rosetalia rugosae to the Rosetea multiflorae is comparatively irrational. Accordingly, the syntaxonomical hierarchy of the Rosetalia rugosae must be reconsidered that is correspond to the Viticetea rotundifoliae of the warm-temperate coastal dune shrub vegetation.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2005

The present study was undertaken to classify and describe the Quercus spp. forests in the lower montane zone of Mts. Bakdal, Gyemyeong, Boryeon, Worak, Cheondeung, Joryeong, Gungmang, Buyong and Sirubong in Chungbuk Province, Korea using the methodology of the Z.-M. school's phytosociology. The Ouercus spp. forests were classified into three communities and two groups; A. Quercus variabilis community A-1. Quercus serrata-Quercus acutissima group, A-2. Quercus mongolica group; B. Quercus mongolica-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community; C. Quercus dentate-Chloranthus japonicus community. These vegetation units were arranged by human interference and a gradient of environmental complex such as altitudes, and also were corresponded relatively well with a result of cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on the dominance of component species.