• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.355-364
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• 2019

This study was conducted to find out the effects of agro-healing activities and strolling on the physiological conditions of patients with chronic metabolic diseases. A total of 11 subjects participated in agro-healing activities, and their average age was 49.6±11.3. Changes in their salivary cortisol were compared and analyzed before and after participating in the agro-healing activity program, and it was found that the stress hormone decreased after participating in the program. Differences in brain wave between before and after participating in agro-healing activities and strolling were measured, and the ratio of alpha to high beta (RAHB) of subjects increased in most of the measured points after participating in agro-healing activities. In addition, the increase in the value in the temporal lobe (T3) that controls mortor skills and occipital lobe (O2) that controls visual functions indicates that the activities were effective in improving relaxation and stability. The relative low beta (RLB) power spectrum of subjects also statistically significantly decreased in the right occipital lobe (O2) that controls visual functions, the relative mid beta (RMB) and relative high beta (RHB) power spectrum decreased in the left temporal lobe (T3) and the right occipital lobe (O2). These results indicate that the activities were effective in improving relaxation under no stress and tension. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure of subjects after participating in agro-healing activities decreased from the prehypertension level to the normal level. These results indicate that horticultural activities and visual elements in healing farms, such as agro-healing activities and strolling, have positive impacts on patients with chronic metabolic diseases accompanied with diabetes or high blood pressure by increasing the brain activity and psycho-physiological conditions of participants.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.891-894
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• 2010

This study was conducted in order to examine the effects of horticultural therapy on stress in demented elders, and for this purpose, we analyzed stress-related physiological changes in demented elders under the care of an elderly facility who had not taken medication and consented to blood tests. The horticultural therapy program included only flower decoration, which was preferred by the participants, aiming ultimately to reduce stress. First, a one-to-one session was given for forming rapport and the horticultural therapist had many conversations about plants with the elders. Furthermore, the participants were induced to be absorbed into the horticultural activities, though a short while, so that they might forget troubles. Evaluation was made by measuring subjective stress and the blood cortisol hormone concentration before and after the horticultural therapy and examining differences between them. Subjective stress increased from 12.88 to 17.88 in the control group, but decreased significantly from 13.88 before the therapy to 6.38 after in the experimental group (p = 0.007). When the blood cortisol hormone level was measured as a physiological indicator of stress, it decreased significantly from $11.33{\mu}g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ before the horticultural therapy to $9.85{\mu}g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ after (p = 0.037). These results suggest that horticultural therapy reduces the blood cortisol hormone level and is effective in easing stress.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

This study was intended to prepare a basis to apply one time laughter therapy in clinical circumstances as an intervention for reducing job stress and improve job involvement of geriatric hospital workers by identifying the effect of one time laughter therapy on their physiological stress responses, job stress, and job involvement. This study was a Non-Equivalent control group pre-post design to validate the effect of one time laughter therapy. The participants of this study included 80 staffs of 2 geriatric hospitals located in I city, including 40 persons in each experimental and control group. Consent was obtained from the participants, after explaining sufficiently study purpose, blood pressure and pulse rate measurement, serum cortisol level measurement, and a questionnaire on job stress and job involvement and data collection was performed 2 times each, before and after the experimental procedure. For the collected data, frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation, χ2 test, Fisher's exact test and t-test were conducted using SPSS Win 19.0. The results of this study were as follows. The systolic blood pressure and the serum cortisol level were reduced significantly. It was found that although there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in job stress and job involvement. Therefore, it was identified that the one time laughter therapy was an effective nursing intervention to reduce physiological stress response of geriatric hospital workers.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.625-632
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• 2015

Drought is a severe abiotic stress that affects global crop production. A drought model was created for 'Toyonoka' Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa, and the effects of drought stress on contents of proline, sugars, and antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated. Strawberry transplants with identical growth were chosen for the experiments and the randomized design included four replications (10 plants per block). The experimental sets differed in the moisture level of the culture medium relative to the range of moisture content as follows: control, 70-85%; mild drought stress, 50-60%; moderate drought stress, 40-50%; and severe drought stress, 30-40%. Drought stress was imposed by limiting irrigation. Plants were sampled and physiological parameters w ere measured on 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days after the commencement of droughts tress. The water potential of strawberry leaves decreased in the plants under mild, moderate, and severe stress during the course of the water stress treatment and exhibited a significant difference from the control. Strawberry leaves subjected to drought stress had higher accumulation of proline, sugars, and malondialdehyde, and higher activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase than leaves of control plants. Malondialdehyde levels increased in parallel with the severity and duration of drought stress. By contrast, antioxidant enzyme activity displayed dynamic responses to drought stress, first increasing and subsequently decreasing as the severity and duration of drought stress increased. These results suggest that strawberry plants respond to drought stress by altering the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of osmotically active metabolites. These biochemical response changes may confer adaptation to drought stress and improve the capacity of plants to withstand water-deficit conditions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.185-192
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of lifestyle, study stress and training stress on health status, and provide fundamental data for health management of university students majoring in physical education. In this study, 149 students participated and they were surveyed demographic characteristics, lifestyle, Maslach burnout inventory (student stress inventory), training stress inventory, and Mibyeong index. Height and weight were measured for calculating BMI. For statistical analysis, Student t-test, ANOVA test, chi-square test, correlation analysis, and multinominal logistic regression test has been used. There were differences between Mibyeong groups according to digestion status, smoking for female students and quality of sleeping for both male and female students. Study stress and training stress also affected to health status. Cynicism among study stress categories and all categories among training stress showed differences between sex. Correlation analysis and logistics regression analysis was used to estimate related factors of health status after adjusting for sex and age. Based on logistics regression analysis, quality of sleeping affected to Mibyeong 1 group and quality of sleeping, smoking and digestion status affected to Mibyeong 2 group. Among training stress category, dissatisfaction with game result and skills and lack of leisure time were affected to both Mibyeong 1 and 2 group. This study suggests that lifestyle, study stress and training stress might be significantly associated with university students majoring in physical education. Through managing those influence factors, health status of students could be improved.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.322-330
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• 2003

The unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis has recently attracted great inter-est due to its large amounts of ketocarotenoid astaxanthin, 3,3'-dihydroxy-${\beta}$,${\beta}$-carotene-4,4'-dione, widely used commercially as a source of pigment for aquaculture. In the life cycle of H. pluvialis, astaxanthin biosynthesis is associated with a remarkable morphological change from green motile vegetative cells into red immotile cyst cells as the resting stage. In recent years we have studied this morphological process from two aspects: defining conditions governing astaxanthin biosynthesis and questioning the possible function of astaxanthin in protecting algal cells against environmental stress. Astaxanthin accumulation in cysts was induced by a variety of environmental conditions of oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species, intense light, drought, high salinity, and high temperature. In the adaptation to stress, abscisic acid induced by reactive oxygen species, would function as a hormone in algal morphogenesis from veget ative to cyst cells. Furthermore, measurements of both in vitro and in vivo antioxidative activities of astaxanthin clearly demonstrated that tolerance to excessive reactive oxygen species is greater in astaxanthin-rich cysts than in astaxanthin-poor cysts or astaxanthin-less vegetative cells. Therefore, reactive oxygen species are involved in the regulation of both algal morph O-genesis and carotenogenesis, and the accumulated astaxanthin in cysts can function as a protective agent against oxidative stress damage. In this study, the physiological roles of astaxanthin in stress response and cell protection are reviewed.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.220-225
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• 2002

To determine the anti-stress effect of KCG(加味天麻鉤藤飮) extract on sprague-dawley rats. we conducted a research about the change of weight, activity, reactivity, c-fos protein, cytotoxicity against PC12 cell line and heal shock protein. 1) KCG extract siginificantly inhibited the decrease of body weight induced by stress, compared with the control group. 2) KCG extract had no siginificant effect in the activity and reactivity of rats between the control and the experimental groups. 3) KCG extract siginificantly restrained c-fos protein manifestation, compared with the control group. 4) KCG extract siginificantly restrained heat shock protein, compared with the control group. These results suggested that KCG might be usefully anti-stress effect.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 1999

Thirteen transcriptionally-fused carbon starvation mutants, derived from Pseudomonas putida ATCC 12633, were analyzed for their survivability and transcriptional induction profiles upon carbon starvation. One of these mutants, MK114, which exhibited the lowest survivability and the highest induction rate, was selected and further examined under different starvation (nitrogen and phosphate) and stress (osmolarity, H2O2, salts, alcohol, and heat) conditions. Under all tested conditions MK114 induced ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity, implying that the interrupted gene (cst114) is a general starvation and stress response gene. The rate of induction ranged from 2.6-fold for phosphate starvation to 3.7-fold for osmotic shock. The mini-Tn5 flanking DNA was cloned from the chromosome of MK114. The cloned DNA fragment exhibited carbon starvation activity, indicating that this fragment contains a carbon starvation-related promoter region. This region was partially sequenced. Possible physiological roles of Cst114 in a carbon sensing mechanism and in other stress responses are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.302-309
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• 2001

The effects of water stress on the development of Alpova dipiophloeus ectomycorrhizas and on the growth of nodulated Alnus rubra Bong seedlings were investigated. Five-day cyclic water stress significantly decreased the ectomycorrhizal development and the seedling growth. However, A. diplophloeus inoculated seedlings did not significantly differ from the non-inoculated seedlings in the growth and physiological activities under both well watered and water stressed conditions. $N_2$-fixation was less sensitive than $CO_2$ fixation to water stress. We conclude that under water stress conditions A. diplophloeus mycorrhizas do not contribute to the fitness of red alder seedlings.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.178-182
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• 2005

Nitric oxide (NO) produced from endothelial cells plays a critical role in vascular physiology. The regulation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) involves various mechanisms including multiple Ser/Thr phosphorylations. Recently, eNOS-Ser617 was newly recognized to be phosphorylated in response to humoral factors including vascular endothelial growth factor. However, it remains unknown whether and how eNOS-Ser617 phosphorylation is stimulated by shear stress, the primary stimulus of endothelial NO production. This issue was explored in the present study using cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). Over-expression of a constitutively active protein kinase B(Akt) mutant in BAECs increased Ser617 phosphorylation while constitutively active protein kinase A mutant had no effect. When BAECs were subjected to an arterial level of laminar shear stress, eNOS-Ser617 phosphorylation was clearly increased in a time-dependent manner. Shear stress also stimulated Akt phosphorylation at Thr308, one of the key regulatory sites. The time courses of eNOS-Ser617 and Akt-Thr308 phosphorylations appeared to be very similar. These results suggested that eNOS-Ser617 phosphorylation, mediated by Akt, is a physiological response to the mechanical shear stress, involved in the regulation of NO production in endothelial cells.