• PNF and Movement
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2008

Purpose : To describes the important aspects of knee joint movement and function used when applying PNF technique to the lower limb. Method : The knee was a very important roles in the lower limb movement and ambulation. This study summarizes the physiologic movement of knee to the PNF lower extremity patterns. Result : The tibiofemoral joint is usually described as a modified hinge joint with flexion-extension and axial rotation by two degrees of freedom movement. These arthrokinematics are a result of the geometry of the joints and the tension produced in the ligamentous structures. The patellofemoral joint is a sellar joint between the patella and the femur. Stability of the patellofemoral joint is dependent on the passive and dynamic restraints around the knee. In a normal knee the ligaments are inelastic and maintain a constant length as the knee flexes and extends, helping to control rolling, gliding and translation of the joint motions. Conclusions : It is important to remember that small alterations in joint alignment can result in significant alterations in patellofemoral joint stresses and that changes in the mechanics of the patellofemoral joint can also result in changes in the tibiofemoral compartments. Successful treatment requires the physical therapist to understand and apply these arthrokinematic concepts. When applied to PNF low extremity patterns, understanding of these mechanical concepts can maximize patient function while minimizing the risk for further symptoms or injury.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the PNF stabilization technique for the hip joint and the bridging exercise on the trunk stabilizer muscles in healthy adults. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy adults were randomly allocated to either a PNF stabilization exercise group (n = 12) or a bridging exercise group (n = 16). The outcome measures included the contraction thickness ratio in the transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO), and the TrA lateral slide was assessed during the abdominal drawing-in maneuver using b-mode ultrasound. The researcher measured the abdominal muscle thickness of each participant before the therapist began the intervention and at the moment that the intervention was applied. Between-group comparisons were performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: The PNF intervention program showed a significant increase in the trunk stabilizer muscle. The percentage of change in the TrA thickness showed a significant interaction between intervention. However, there were no significant differences in the IO and EO between the two groups. Conclusion: The PNF stabilization technique for the hip joint can be used effectively to improve the IO and TrA muscles in healthy adults.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.169-174
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of neck exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on dysphagia and neck pain in stroke patients. Methods: This study included 20 patients with stroke who performed the following neck exercises using PNF: flexion, lateral flexion, and rotation. The PNF technique was repeated under the guidance of verbal commands from a physical therapist. The exercise program consisted of 5 times, 30-minute sessions each week for four weeks. The Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (MASA) and the visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the patients before and after the training. Swallowing ability was evaluated using MASA, and the patients' pain was evaluated using VAS. All data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. Results: Significant differences were observed for the MASA and VAS in the subjects: MASA was significantly improved (p<0.00) and VAS was significantlyincreased (p<0.00). Conclusion: The neck is a very important part of the body in stroke patients. Neck exercises using PNF are effective for improving dysphagia and decreasing neck pain in patients with stroke. Thus, neck exercises using PNF are very effective for stroke patients, and this approach would be effective in clinical practice.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of side walking on balance confidence, falls efficacy and fall risk in acute stroke patients. Methods: The study included 14 patients with acute stroke who were randomly allocated to a side walking group (Experimental group, N=7) and a forward walking group (Control group, N=7). Both groups performed the exercise 5 times a week for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Korean-Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (K-ABC), Korean-Fall Efficacy Scale (K-FES), Korean-Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (K-FAB). Results: After 2 weeks of training, both groups showed significantly improved ABC, FES, FAB (p<.05 in both groups). However, the ABC, FES, FAB in the experimental group was significantly better than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings indicate that side walking training may be effective at improving balance confidence and decreasing fall down risk in early stroke patients. Therefore, side walking training may be recommended as an intervention in reducing the incidence of falls in acute stroke patient.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.2267-2271
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• 2021

Background: Recently, a new home-based dysphagia rehabilitation method using information and communications technology (ICT) has been reported, but clinical evidence is still lacking. Objectives: To investigate the effects of home-based dysphagia rehabilitation using ICT on tongue muscle strength and volume in patients with developed dysphagia after stroke. Design: Randomized controlled trial design. Methods: Twenty patients who developed dysphagia after stroke were enrolled. The experimental group received dysphagia rehabilitation in the form of ICT-based home care. In contrast, the control group received traditional rehabilitation based on swallowing under the supervision of occupational therapists. All interventions were conducted five times a week for four weeks. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant increases in tongue muscle strength and volume after the intervention (P<.05, both). However, there were no significant differences in tongue strength or volume between the two groups after the intervention (P>.05, both). Conclusion: Home-based dysphagia rehabilitation using ICT showed effects similar to those of conventional swallowing rehabilitation in patients who developed dysphagia after stroke. These findings suggest that dysphagia rehabilitation can be conducted at home without the help of a therapist.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2019

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness of job task importance and performance of occupational therapists in the community care system for the elderly. Methods : We conducted an online questionnaire survey of 152 occupational therapists nationwide from May 31, to June 24, 2019. General characteristics and institutional awareness, role and performance awareness were analyzed by descriptive statistics. One way ANOVA were conducted to compare the differences of working days, working places, and the field of work. Results : The recognition of the community care system for the elderly was low at 2.93 ± 1.0 but the importance of the community care system was 3.94 ± 0.7 and the importance of the occupational therapist in the system was 4.34 ± 0.7. Fall prevention (4.63 ± 0.7) was the most important in occupational therapist's jobs, and performance was high in instrumental activity daily living training (3.94 ± 0.8) and physical function training (3.94 ± 0.8). Conclusion : This study can be presented as basic data on job task importance and performance awareness of occupational therapists in the elderly community care system. In addition, it is expected to be used as basic data for establishing the role of occupational therapist in the elderly community care system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.484-492
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• 2017

This study assessed female occupational therapist job stress and musculoskeletal pain, and examines the problems caused by sexual harassment, family, and marriage policy. The results provide information to improve work environments, reduce job stress, yield data needed for sexual harassment prevention education, examine women occupational therapists' economic activities, and broadly improve the quality of life through participation. The study subjects were currently employed female occupational therapists. Initially 200 subjects were recruited, of whom 185 returned the study questionnaire. Questions addressing job stress included, 'There are times when one feels that the salary is worth less than the job effort', 'Feel tired due to work.', 'That it is time to pay attention to other therapy.', answered positively in that order. Musculoskeletal pain in the wrist and hand (90%), shoulder (86%), neck (69.7%) and waist (68.6%) were the order of the wrist and hand (63%), shoulder (62.2%) and waist (51.9%) pain resulted in interference with daily life. Verbal harassment was reported by 71.4% and 48.6% reported physical and visual harassment. The most common topics in workplace relations were 'Must choose whether to focus on the individual or work (61.1%).', 'Need for understanding and someone who can share their feelings (54.6%).', and 'Colleagues are willing to listen to my story (73%)'.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.63-86
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• 2008

The study examined whether small group filial therapy for maladjusted young children and their mothers would improve children's interpersonal relationships. Two mother-child pairs participated in the program consisting 12 group parent education sessions by a therapist and 6 sessions of supervised play therapy. All 18 sessions ran 85-90 minutes once a week. Results showed positive changes on initiated interactions, co-play, emotional closeness and manifest joy in mother-child play interactions. Scores of playfulness rated by two trained observers during weekly group play time for the children showed improvement in terms of physical, social, and cognitive spontaneity, manifest joy and humor. Quality of children's interpersonal relationships in routine life of home and preschool was enhanced according to reports of mothers and preschool teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.148-153
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• 2008

Although manual traction, one of pain therapies, was applied in clinic to relief pain, the study was rare on the manual force and displacement of ligaments at knee joint during manual traction. The aim of this study is to quantify not only manual force at knee joint but also elongated displacement of joint ligament by C-arm scanning and motion analysis. Twenty-one healthy subjects were tested with manual traction from grade I to grade III under neutral position by a physical therapist. We calculated traction force using joint farces of both hands and elongated displacement of joint ligament were measured. The results showed that traction forces by C-arm scanning analysis were averagely 1.67-fold greater than those by motion analysis, but elongated displacements were instead averagely 2.36-fold smaller than motion analysis. Finally, we could estimate relationship between traction force and elongated displacement at knee joint by two methods.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.158-164
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• 2018

The object of this study is to explore the attitudes of occupational therapy students and "general students" (who study in different areas other than occupational therapy) towards people with disabilities, and to examine the causing factors of positive and negative attitudes toward people with disabilities by using Disability Factor Scales (DFS). According to the result of the study using the Disability Factor Scales (DFS), it indicates that the attitudes of the occupational therapy students were more positive than those of "general students" from other departments. In the case of score differences among occupational therapy students by class standing, seniors who experienced clinical practice showed a less favorable attitude toward the disabled than freshmen, so it is necessary to develop clinical practice and an occupational therapy curricula that incorporate patient-centered treatment rather than therapist-centered education with simple physical contact or illness problems.