• 제목/요약/키워드: physical length

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패션쇼 모델의 외적 통일성 정도에 따른 디자인 컨셉 분석 - 2014년 S/S Paris Collection을 중심으로 - (Analysis of Design Concept based on the Level of Consistency in Fashion Show Models' Physical Appearance - Focus on S/S Paris Collection 2014 -)

  • 이신영
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.718-730
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    • 2015
  • This study investigated the correlation between the level of consistency in fashion show models' appearance and design concept through a statistical and qualitative analysis of the S/S Paris Collection 2014. The following conclusions have been drawn in this study. First, the percentage of models of color was very low in regards to the physical appearance of models; in addition, there was a higher percentage of Caucasian models for collections with a high level of consistency in models' physical appearance. Collections with a high percentage of models of color indicate more casual design concepts and the promotion of diversity in racial background is considered more effective for street fashion. Second, collections with a high level of consistency in models' physical appearance tend to control various elements that constitute a physical appearance through more detailed planning and stage direction. Third, there is a tendency to reinforce design concepts by creating a consistency in the overall physical appearance of models. This affirms that their physical appearance is determined by brand (i.e. designer) and is used to maximize a design concept delivery. The results of this study suggests that the physical appearance of models must be determined in line with the design concept versus detailed planning that must consider audience perspectives as well as adjust the show's length and the interval between each model appearing on the stage.

뇌졸중 환자와 정상인의 근 수축 유형에 따른 피질 신경원의 활성도 비교 (Comparison of the Activity of Cortical Neurons According to Muscle Contraction Type between Post Stroke Hemiplegic Subjects and Healthy Subjects)

  • 양가애;김수현;임영은;이동걸;김태열
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 2009
  • Purpose: In order to examine difference in the activity of potential of spinal neurons and cortical neurons according to muscle contraction type in post stroke hemiplegic subjects and healthy subjects, the present study conducted an experiment as follows. Methods: The subjects in the experimental group were 17 left-side hemiplegic subjects (9 female, 8 male; mean age, 63.41$\pm$9.86 years) with the right hand as the dominant hand selected among post stroke hemiplegic subjects, and 17 age matched healthy control subjects (10 female, 7 male; mean age, 64.12$\pm$12.07 years). Movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) were measured using surface electromyography and electroencephalography while concentric and eccentric movements were made alternately. Results: As to the pattern of the activity of MRCP, which indicates the activity of motor cortical neurons, we found that the amplitude is high (p<0.01), the length of excitement is short (p<0.01) and the ascending gradient of amplitude to the peak increases (p<0.05) in post stroke hemiplegic subjects' lesion sites different from healthy subjects. Conclusion: The activity of cortical neurons was no difference in activity according to contraction type was observed in post stroke hemiplegic subjects' lesion sites. This suggests that there is no distinction in the activity of cortical neurons between concentric contraction and eccentric contraction. Accordingly, if post stroke hemiplegic subjects' activity of motor cortex is analyzed by measuring MRCPs, it is considered useful in research on neural plasticity or as a ground of clinical effects in the area of physical therapy for the central nervous system.

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맥동성 초음파가 흰쥐 창상치유에 미치는 조직학적 변화 (The Histological Observation of the Effects of Pulsed Ultrasound on Wound Healing of Rats)

  • 김계엽;김태열;나수영;김경윤;김기도;김종만
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.80-90
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of pulsed ultrasound on wound healing and observe during the wound healing process the distribution of mast cells according to histopathologic findings. Eighty Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 4 groups received full thickness skin wounds on the back. Each of the 5 animals was sacrificed immediately and then sacrificed again 1, 3, 6, and 12 days after injury. Specimens from the wounds were removed during healing and routinely processed with a hematoxylin-eosin stain and a toluidine blue stain. The authors then observed the distribution of mast cells under a light microscope. The results of this study were as follows: The rate of wound healing and the length of the wounds of the pulsed ultrasound group II was significantly faster than group I on day 6 and day 12 (p<.001). Group III showed the most significant effect after12 days (p<.001). Group IV also showed a significant effect at 12 days (p<.01). A low-intensity ultrasound .5 $W/cm^2$ resulted in a fast healing rate. During the wound healing process mast cells had a tendency to decrease in the acute inflammatory phase. During the wound healing process mast cells were thought to contribute to the healing of the wound.

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낙상 경험 유무에 따른 여성 노인의 보행과 균형 능력에 관한 연구 (A Comparison Study of Walk and Balance Ability of Women Elderly with or Without Falls Experience)

  • 황병준;김종우;서현규
    • 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.19-24
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    • 2011
  • Background: The elderly are likely to fall due to physical and mental atrophies, and experiencing falls may result in fear of falls and lack of self-confidence, which also leads to hesitation to physical activities and changes in walk and balance, the major variables in independent daily life. Methods: In three senior citizen centers located in D city, 22 elderly women aged 65 or older were chosen, and they filled in the questionnaire which included their agreement to voluntarily participate in the survey and medical histories. As to whether they had falls experience, the medical history items in the questionnaire asked them if they had falling down or falls once a year, twice for the three years. The objects were divided to NFE (non-falls experience) and FE (falls experience). Results: 1. As to walking abilities, significant difference was found between NFE and FE regarding walk width, stepping with two feet, and stride length while there was no significant different in terms of cadence. 2. As to balancing abilities, was significant difference between NFE and FE in terms of the physical body center area. As to the sit-to-stand, tandom gait test, no significant difference was found, and neither in the timed up and go test. Conclusions: The elderly with falls experience has inferior walking and balancing abilities to those without falls experience, and thus they are more exposed to the risks of falls.

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도구를 이용한 연부조직가동술과 정적 스트레칭이 족저압과 발목관절 가동범위에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization and Static Stretching on the Range of Motion and Plantar Foot Pressure of an Ankle Joint)

  • 이재홍;이진환;민동기;김광수;김종우
    • 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.27-32
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    • 2017
  • Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of IASTM and static stretching techniques on ankle joint range of motion (ROM), static foot pressure. Methods: Twenty four subjects with gastrocnemius shortness participated in this study. The subjects were assigned randomly to one of two groups: The soft tissue mobilization technique (IASTM) group received intervention using a IASTM instrument for two minutes, and the stactic stretching group performed self stretching for 30 seconds, four times. The ROM of the ankle joint was measured by active ankle dorsi-flexion test, and a TPScan was utilized to collect the plantar foot pressure. This experiment was performed by two physical therapists. The significant level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: The results were as follows: 1) The ROM of the ankle joint and was significantly increased in both groups. 2) Plantar foot pressure was no significant in both groups. 3) There were no significant differences between the IASTM group and static stretching group for any variable. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that static stretching is an effective and easy technique for restoring proper muscle length in subjects with gastrocnemius shortness. We recommend that static stretching technique be used for treat gastrocnemius shortness in clinical setting and home program.

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트레드밀 측방보행 훈련 동안 시각차단이 뇌졸중 환자의 균형 및 보행에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Visual Cue Deprivation During Sideways Treadmill Training on Balance and Walking in Stroke Patients)

  • 김태우;김용욱
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.20-28
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of visual cue deprivation during sideways treadmill training in individuals with stroke. Twenty-eight stroke patients were divided into two groups, and each group participated in a sideways treadmill training session for 20 minutes, three times per week for 4 weeks. The eyes close group (15 subjects) performed this treadmill training with visual cue deprivation, while the eyes open group (13 subjects) performed it without visual cue deprivation. Gait function was measured in both groups before and after the training sessions with the Biodex Gait Trainer 2, which determined walking speed, distance, step length, and time on each foot. Balance was measured before and after each training period in both groups using the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and the seven-item Berg Balance Scale-3P (7-item BBS-3P). The eyes close group showed significantly improved gait function, walking speed, distance, step length, and time on each foot after training (p<.05). The eyes close group showed improved balance ability, FTSST, TUG, and 7-item BBS-3P test after training (p<.05). The findings indicated that sideways treadmill training with visual cue deprivation positively affects gait ability of stroke patients. Therefore, sideways treadmill training with visual cue deprivation may be useful for the recovery of gait ability of stroke patients.

Dual task interference while walking in chronic stroke survivors

  • Shin, Joon-Ho;Choi, Hyun;Lee, Jung Ah;Eun, Seon-deok;Koo, Dohoon;Kim, JaeHo;Lee, Sol;Cho, KiHun
    • Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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    • 제6권3호
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    • pp.134-139
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    • 2017
  • Objective: Dual-task interference is defined as decrements in performance observed when people attempt to perform two tasks concurrently, such as a verbal task and walking. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of gait ability according to the dual task interference in chronic stroke survivors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Ten chronic stroke survivors (9 male, 1 female; mean age, 55.30 years; mini mental state examination, 19.60; onset duration, 56.90 months) recruited from the local community participated in this study. Gait ability (velocity, paretic side step, and stride time and length) under the single- and dual-task conditions at a self-selected comfortable walking speed was measured using the motion analysis system. In the dual task conditions, subjects performed three types of cognitive tasks (controlled oral word association test, auditory clock test, and counting backwards) while walking on the track. Results: For velocity, step and stride length, there was a significant decrease in the dual-task walking condition compared to the single walking condition (p<0.05). In particular, higher reduction of walking ability was observed when applying the counting backward task. Conclusions: Our results revealed that the addition of cognitive tasks while walking may lead to decrements of gait ability in stroke survivors. In particular, the difficulty level was the highest for the calculating task. We believe that these results provide basic information for improvements in gait ability and may be useful in gait training to prevent falls after a stroke incident.

불안정 지면에 앉아 추가적으로 수행한 몸통운동이 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 균형과 보행 능력에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Additional Trunk Exercises on an Unstable Surface on the Balance and Walking Ability of Individuals with Chronic Stroke)

  • 봉순녕;김용남
    • PNF and Movement
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.249-257
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of additional trunk exercises on an unstable surface on the balance and walking ability of individuals with chronic stroke. Methods: Sixteen patients with chronic stroke participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: experimental group (n=8) and control group (n=8). All the participants underwent a typical physical therapy program for 30 min a day. Moreover, the experimental group participated in a 30 min trunk exercise program on an unstable surface, whereas the control group participated in a 30 min trunk exercise program on a stable surface. Both groups performed the exercises five times a week for three weeks. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used to measure changes in balance. The gait variables were measured using the GAITRite system (CIR System Inc., Clifton, NJ, USA) to examine changes in walking ability. Results: Both groups showed a significant intragroup improvement in balance, gait speed, cadence, stride length, and double support period (p<0.05). In the intergroup comparisons after the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements over the control group in balance, gait speed, cadence, stride length, and double support period (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study applied additional trunk exercises on an unstable surface to chronic stroke patients, and the results showed a significant improvement in the patients' balance and walking abilities. Therefore, trunk exercise on an unstable surface may be applicable as an intervention method to improve the balance and walking ability of chronic stroke patients.

Ganoderma lucidum균 전처리를 이용한 볏짚의 상압.소다펄프화

  • 주용찬;강진하
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.51-60
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to develop the biochemical pulping method to enhance energy saving and decrease the capital cost through the soda pulping under atmospheric pressure (100%). Nonwood substrates, rice straw, were pretreated by white-rot fungi, Ganoderma Iucidum. It has acquired several basic data that can be applied in bio-soda pulping. The results of this study were as follow. Without any nutrients or with glucose, N and glucose+N the weight losses of rice straws inoculated by Canoderma Iucidum were 8.5~29.8%, 9.3~32% 11.8~30.1% and 11.8~24.4% respectively for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days incubation. The more extending incubation periods, the more increasing weight losses. The yield of untreated rice saw was 54.8% after pulping. When any nutrients was not added or glucose, N and glucose+N were added for the pretreatment, the total yields were ranged 50.6~38.5%, 48.6~34.4%, 47.2~38.4% and 49.5~42.6% respectively for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 days incubation. The yields were gradually decreased based on extending of incubation. The physical properties of rice straw soda pulps without fungal treatment, the density, breaking length, burst index, tear index and folding endurance were 0.24 g/$\textrm{cm}^3$, 2.32 km, 0.91 kPa $m^2$/g, 56.7 mN.$m^2$/g and 35 times, respectively. After pretreatment without any nutrients or with glucose, N and glucose+N as nutrients the density was 0.27~0.30 g/$\textrm{cm}^3$, the breaking length 3.14~5.25 km, burst index 1.42~2.78 kPa.$\textrm{m}^2$/g, tear index45.8~64.5 mN.$\textrm{m}^2$/g and folding endurance 47~288 times at all incubating periods when pulping was done. The physical properties were increased with the increasing incubation periods. However, when glucose+N was added, the physical properties were shown superior results each incubating duration.

삼차원 가상현실 운동 프로그램이 노인의 시공간적 보행변수에 미치는 효과 (Effect of virtual reality training using 3-dimensional video gaming technology on spatiotemporal gait parameters in older adults)

  • 이용우
    • 대한물리의학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.61-69
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    • 2016
  • PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the virtual reality training (VRT) using 3-dimensional video gaming technology on spatiotemporal gait parameters in older adults. METHODS: The study participants were divided into two groups: the VRT group and the control group. Those in the VRT group were enrolled in a VRT, which was conducted for 60 min per day, two times a week, during the 6-week research. The Wii-Fit balance board game was used for the VRT intervention. The VRT consisted of 6 different types of games, namely, jogging, swordplay, ski jump, hula hoop, tennis, and step dance. A 3-dimensional TV was used for 3-dimensional display. Participants in both the groups received 3 sessions of fall prevention education, at the first, third, and fifth weeks. Their gait parameters were measured by using OptoGait. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of the VRT, the spatial gait parameters of the participants, that is stride length and step length, were significantly improved compared with those of the control group participants (p<0.05). The temporal gait parameters, such as velocity, cadence, stride time, and step time, also showed improvement after the completion of the VRT training (p<0.05). Both the temporal and spatial gait parameters of the VRT group participants showed improvement after 6 weeks of the program compared with those of the control group participants (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The VRT using 3-dimensional video gaming technology might be beneficial for improving gait parameters to prevent falls among older adults.