• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.401-405
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• 2002

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of caponization on the growth performance, breast and thigh muscles physical properties and fiber diameter of the Pectoralis major and Gastrocnemius pars externa in Taiwan country chicken cockerels. Caponized birds were surgically altered at 10 weeks of age. Birds were fed grower and finisher diets ad libitum during an eighteen-week experimental period. The results indicated that the live weight and feed intake in the capons were significantly (p<0.05) higher and the shank length was significantly (p<0.05) longer than in intact birds. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences in feed conversion and mortality between two treatments at 28 weeks of age. Compared with intact birds, the capons had greater (p<0.05) tenderness in the breast and thigh muscles. Cohesion of the breast muscle in the capons was significantly (p<0.05) better than in the intact birds, but the thigh muscles were not significantly (p>0.05) affected. No treatment differences (p>0.05) were associated with cooking loss, muscle chewiness, and elasticity. The capons had a significantly (p<0.05) smaller fiber diameter in the Pectoralis major, but were not significantly (p>0.05) different in the fiber diameter of the Gastrocnemius pars externa. It is concluded that castration did not depress growth compared with the intact birds, but did improve muscle tenderness. This difference was most pronounced in the thigh muscles.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Hanji made of mulberry fibers has the lower printability due to their long fiber length, the diffusible property of ink, and low smoothness. This study was carried out to analyze the physical and optical properties of machine-made Hanji controlled by the different contents of paper mulberry 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%. In this study, the results of comparing machine-made Hanji controlled by the different contents of $Paper$ $mulberry$ with commercial paper and inkjet coated paper are as following: Tearing strength of machine-made Hanji is higher than domestic paper and inkjet coated paper. By increasing paper mulberry contents of machine-made Hanji appeared that tensile strength increased and smoothness gradually decreased. Printability of machine-made Hanji is less than domestic paper and inkjet coated paper. However, there were significant possibility to use for printing paper.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.6 s.59
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• pp.896-909
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• 2005

In need of studies on the kinds and structure of thread, the biggest variable factor in knitwear patterns, this study attempts: to examine the physical properties by thread type to basically establish systematic data in order to utilize various mixture and structure of yarn and to contribute to the development of optical patterns by building a systemic and scientific methods to produce knit wear patterns though a statistical analysis of the relation between the variations and physical properties. The results is as follows: with time, a feature of knit, which causes instability making it difficult to maintain the original shape, related to material properties, the weight and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the variation of wale lengths, though the amount varies by material. The variation of course contraction is closely related to density, the dense fabrics showing the highest values, due to the bust of the human body, the wale length variation of the front is greater than that of the back, by a regression analysis of material properties and the variations is obtained showing the weight, density and expansibility recovery rate have the greatest influence on the wale extension and course contraction of knit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of posture improvement exercise using virtual reality programs on the posture and balance of patients with forward head postures. METHODS: Thirty men and women in their 20 s, who had a forward head posture, were divided randomly into a group with posture correction exercise and a group with posture correction exercise combined with virtual reality programs. The posture correction exercise was composed of squats, XCO training, and chin-tuck exercise. In contrast, exercise with virtual reality games involved the Hot Squat, Climbey, and Baskhead programs while wearing a headset. Both groups performed the exercises 15 min a day, three times per week, for four weeks. The balance ability, distance between the acromion and earlobe, and neck joint range of motion were assessed before and after the exercises. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant reductions in the distance between the acromion and the earlobe, along with significant improvements in the range of joint motion. The group that performed the virtual reality exercises showed a significant increase in the limit of stability. Both groups showed a significant decrease in the sway length. In contrast, the group given the virtual reality exercises showed a significant reduction in the sway speed while standing with their eyes closed. CONCLUSION: Exercise applying virtual reality programs can be used in clinical and home programs to correct the postures of individuals with a forward head posture because they can trigger interest in inducing active participation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.57-63
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• 2004

A comparative analysis of characteristics of domestic and foreign reconstituted tobacco based on papermaking was conducted to evaluate the quality of reconstituted tobacco and to utilize as basic data for improvement of domestic reconstituted tobacco. In the formation, which is key factor to quality and physical properties of product, foreign reconstituted tobacco has better uniform formation than those of domestic one. These result was attributed to distribution of large floc size in the domestic one unevenly. In the fiber morphology, domestic reconstituted tobacco has larger average fiber length and width than those of foreign one. They indicated that fiber morphology of domestic one will exert structural properties of paper such as formation and permeability. Tensile strength of domestic one has lower than those of foreign one by basis weight. In the air permeability, domestic one was remarkably reduced because base web was over sized. It also will affect the combustibility of reconstituted tobacco. In summary, we conclude that the physical and structural properties of domestic reconstituted tobacco result in quality deviations compared with foreign reconstituted tobacco.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.84-91
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• 2001

The purpose of this thesis is to search for appropriate design elements to manage ponds on golf courses. This paper showed that a variable, width, and volume have significant influence on satisfaction(Sig 0.001). This research investgated golf courses in Kyung-ki province. In short, we measured the physical design elements of ponds to bring out major factors which could determine satisfaction of golf courses for golfcourse manager(greenkeeper). The results between satisfaction and physical variable came out as follows; 1, Golfcourse managers(Green keepers) responded to questions that they were satisfied in only 29.9% of the ponds. We found that they considered management very highly. we could evaluated the value of necessity and importance are high, that is importance to manage ponds 2. Some physical design elements(volume, width) increased dependent variable(satisfaction) and others(length, area, circumference, index of shape) decreased dependent variable(satisfaction) 3. Volume has an influence on dependent variable more than depth on index of shape. 4 If the result of \`index of shape\` decreased, the result of \`management satisfaction\` would be high, and when volume is 8500ton∼17000ton, depth is 27m∼3.1m, \`management satisfaction\` would be high. The research findings can be used for planning and designing of golfcourses for designers, and by management for greenkeepers, and will provide pertinent design elements far design of golfcourses. We suggest that the interrelation between ponds and strategic play must be examined in future research.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.121-127
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pelvic and lower extremity exercise on the gait of 25 patients with hemiplegia. 11 men and 14 women were studied, with a mean age of 61.2 years and a means duration post-onset of 8.7 months. Each participant recieved a total of 15 sessions of PNF(five times per week), and each procedure lasting for 40 minutes with affected side pelvic anterior elevation and posterior depression pattern, lower extremity flexion adduction with knee flexion pattern had 20 minutes respectively. Results showed significant improvement in gait speed and cadence in after 1st, 2nd, 3rd week(5th, 10th, 15th session, respectively) compared with the before treatment(p<0.05). And improvement in gait speed and cadence accompanied with longer stride length.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2011

The influence of nutrition during early life on physical growth as well as mental development has been thoroughly discussed in the literature. The physical dimensions of the body are greatly influenced by nutrition, particularly during the period of rapid growth in early childhood. Nutritional status affects every pediatric patient's response toillness. Good nutrition is important for achieving normal growth and development. It is indicated that permanent impairment of the central nervous system may result from dietary restriction of imbalance during certain periods of life. If children under 3 years of age show a good nutritional status, it may be assumed that they are well nourished. Several common diseases of children such as iron deficiency, chronic constipation and atopic dermatitis are known food related diseases. Patients with chronic illness and those at risk of malnutrition should have detailed nutritional assessments done. Components of a complete nutritional assessment include a medical history, nutritional history including dietary intake, physical examination, anthropometrics (weight, length or stature, head circumference, midarm circumference, and triceps skinfold thickness), pubertal staging, skeletal maturity staging, and biochemical tests of nutritional status. The use of age, gender, and disease-specific growth charts is essential in assessing nutritional status and monitoring nutrition interventions. Nutrition assessment and dietary counseling is helpful for the cure of disease, and moreover, the prevention of illness.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 1998

Twelve Spraque-Dawley healthy male rats(average weight ; 250g)were used to study the morphological changes of mitochondria, myofibril, muscle cell nucleus, triad. They were devided into 3 groups : normal daily activity (Group 1), 2weeks immobilization (Group 2), 4 weeks immobilization(Group 3). Left ankle of Group 2 and 3 were immobilized with plaster cast in $65^{\circ}$ plantarflexed position. The gastrocnemius were removed from 12 rats. Muscle fibers were observed electronmicroscopically by double staining with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, All the variables of Group 2 and 3 that selected in this study were significantly decreased when decreased with control value (p<.05) but also muscle fibers showed extensive damage, characterized by irregularity of mitochondrias and wide separation of myofibrils. irregularity and thinness of myofilaments and abnormal shape of muscle cell nucleus and unclear triad. Especially, sarcomere length of Group 3 were singnificantly decreased when compared with Group 2(p<.01).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2004

The disposal of stormwater is one of the major problems in urban water management. One method of reducing peak runoff rates and other detrimental impacts of stormwater is detention storage. Detention ponds as a water quality control alternatives have been investigated by a number of researchers. Recognizing multiple roles such as flood peak attenuation, pollution removal and aesthetic enhancement, the design and management of detentions ponds deserve more research. The purpose of this research is to establish design criteria wet detention ponds to improve water quality. Water quality in detention pond discharge might be improve with physical, chemical and biological alterations. Physical alteration was focused in this study. There are several methods for estimating the suspended solid control capability of wet detention ponds. Existing models of suspended solids removal are based on sedimentation and gravity settling theory. The pollutant trap efficiency of pond is a function of several interrelating factors. Detention time is the most important factor, because it determine gravity settling quantities of pollutants. Desirable modification of physical factors for improvement of water quality in wet detention ponds are volume ratio, area ratio, length to width ratio, depth, out let location, bottom soil type. In order to apply design procedure in actual site, Namak new town development area was selected.