• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2255-2281
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• 2021

Channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication is one potential identity authentication scheme in wireless communication, such as used in a fog computing environment. While existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes may be efficient when deployed in the conventional wireless network environment, they may be less efficient and practical for the industrial wireless communication environment due to the varying requirements. We observe that this is a topic that is understudied, and therefore in this paper, we review the constructions and performance of several commonly used test statistics and analyze their performance in typical industrial wireless networks using simulation experiments. The findings from the simulations show a number of limitations in existing channel characteristic-based physical layer authentication schemes. Therefore, we believe that it is a good idea to combine machine learning and multiple test statistics for identity authentication in future industrial wireless network deployment. Four machine learning methods prove that the scheme significantly improves the authentication accuracy and solves the challenge of choosing a threshold.

• Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2023

Recently, there have been increasing interests in researches to apply wireless communication technologies for smart farm. This paper introduces the problems in the smart farm for the outdoor culture and technical considerations to solve the problems. As candidate technologies, this paper selects LoRa, Sigfox, NB-IoT, and Wi-Fi and then determines that LoRa is a suitable technology based on the CAPEX, coverage, transmission rate, battery, and the price. To provide technical analysis, this paper introduces technologies related to the physical and medium access control (MAC) layers as well as the security. Specifically, this paper includes the modulation technology in the physical layer, Class (Class A, B, and C) based protocol operations in MAC layer, and security architecture based on the LoRa version.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.569-572
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• 2005

A generation to have felt convenience of a network by a development of Internet is pressing for realization of a wireless network. However, security of wireless network must begin with an attack to be good at all expectations. especially considred from L1 layer to L7 layer. Wireless Network weaker than wire because smuggle through various sensor terminal and invasion of radio waves netwwork Wireless network recognizes a security proposal of physical, network application layer, and is going to discuss a security development point of wiress network from now on.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.5080-5097
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• 2017

Channel characteristics-based secret key generation is an effective physical-layer security method. The issues of how to remove the effect of random noise and to balance the key generation rate (KGR) and the bit mismatch rate (BMR) are needed to be addressed. In this paper, to reduce the effect of random noise and extract more secret bits, a new quantization scheme with high key generation rate and low bit mismatch rate is proposed. In our proposed scheme, we try to use all measurements and correct the differences caused by noise at the boundary regions instead of simply dropping them. We evaluate and discuss the improvements of our proposed scheme. The results show that our proposed scheme achieves lower bit mismatch rate as well as remaining high key generation rate.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.422-436
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• 2020

In this paper, we investigate the impact of antenna correlation on secure transmission in a multi-eavesdropper single-input multiple-output (SIMO) system, where the receiver and eavesdroppers are equipped with correlated antennas. Based on the practical passive eavesdropping system, the new closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) and non-zero secrecy capacity probability are derived to explore the effect of antenna correlation on the system with multiple eavesdroppers. To further analyze the secrecy performance of the investigated system, we theoretically derive the expression of asymptotic SOP to clearly show the diversity order and array gain. Finally, Monte Carlo simulations verify the effectiveness of our theoretical results.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.443-449
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• 2015

This paper considers the physical layer security problem for a two-way vehicle-to-vehicle network, where the two source vehicles can only exchange information through an untrusted relay vehicle. The relay vehicle helps the two-way transmission but also acts as a potential eavesdropper. Each vehicle has a random velocity. By exploiting the random carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) caused by random motions, a secure double-differential two-way relay scheme is proposed. While achieving successful two-way transmission for the source vehicles, the proposed scheme guarantees a high decoding error floor at the untrusted relay vehicle. Average symbol error rate (SER) performance for the source vehicles and the untrusted relay vehicle is analyzed. Simulation results are provided to verify the proposed scheme.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.17-26
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• 2021

This paper is about a physical layer frame security technique using OFB-style encryption/decryption with AES algorithms on Gigabit Ethernet network. We propose a data security technique at the physical layer that performs OFB-style encryption/decryption with AES algorithm with strong security strength when sending and receiving data over Gigabit Ethernet network. Generally, when operating Gigabit Ethernet network, there is no security features, but data security is required, additional devices that apply this technique can be installed to perform security functions. In the case of data transmission over Gigabit Ethernet network, the Ethernet frames conform to IEEE 802.3 specification, which includes several fields to ensure proper reception of data at the receiving node in addition to the data field. When encrypting, only the data field should be encrypted and transmitted in real time. In this paper, we show that only the data field of the IEEE802.3 frame is encrypted and transmitted on the sending node, and only the data field is decrypted to show the plain text on the receiving node, which shows that the encryption/decryption is carried out correctly. Therefore, additional installation of devices that apply this technique can increase the reliability of the system when security for data is required in Ethernet network operating without security features.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.632-644
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• 2019

The remote monitoring and warning system for dangerous chemicals is designed with the concept of the Cyber-Physical System (CPS) in this paper. The real-time perception, dynamic control, and information service of major hazards chemicals are realized in this CPS system. The CPS system architecture, the physical layer and the applacation layer, are designed in this paper. The terminal node is mainly composed of the field collectors which complete the data acquisition of sensors and video in the physical layers, and the use of application layer makes CPS system safer and more reliable to monitor the hazardous chemicals. The cloud application layer completes the risk identification and the prediction of the major hazard sources. The early intelligent warning of the major dangerous chemicals is realized and the security risk images are given in the cloud application layer. With the CPS technology, the remote network of hazardous chemicals has been completed, and a major hazard monitoring and accident warning online system is formed. Through the experiment of the terminal node, it can be proved that the terminal node can complete the mass data collection and classify. With this experiment it can be obtained the CPS system is safe and effective. In order to verify feasible, the multi-risk warning based on CPS is simulated, and results show that the system solves the problem of hazardous chemicals enterprises safety management.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.23-28
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• 2021

The article discusses the features of adaptation of the parameters of the physical layer of data transmission in self-organizing networks based on unmanned aerial vehicles operating in the conditions of "smart cities". The concept of cities of this type is defined, the historical path of formation, the current state and prospects for further development in the aspect of transition to "smart cities" of the third generation are shown. Cities of this type are aimed at providing more comfortable and safe living conditions for citizens and autonomous automated work of all components of the urban economy. The perspective of the development of urban mobile automated technical means of infocommunications is shown, one of the leading directions of which is the creation and active use of wireless self-organizing networks based on unmanned aerial vehicles. The advantages of using small-sized unmanned aerial vehicles for organizing networks of this type are considered, as well as the range of tasks to be solved in the conditions of modern "smart cities". It is shown that for the transition to self-organizing networks in the conditions of "smart cities" of the third generation, it is necessary to ensure the adaptation of various levels of OSI network models to dynamically changing operating conditions, which is especially important for the physical layer. To maintain an acceptable level of the value of the bit error probability when transmitting command and telemetry data, it is proposed to adaptively change the coding rate depending on the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver input (or on the number of channel decoder errors), and when transmitting payload data, it is also proposed to adaptively change the coding rate together with the choice of modulation methods that differ in energy and spectral efficiency. As options for the practical implementation of these solutions, it is proposed to use an approach based on the principles of neuro-fuzzy control, for which examples of determining the boundaries of theoretically achievable efficiency are given.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1849-1854
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• 2017

Recently, RF energy harvesting, in which energy is collected from the external RF signals, is considered as a promising technology to resolve the energy shortage problem of wireless sensors. In addition, it is important to guarantee secure communication between sensors for implementing Internet-of-Things. In this paper, we propose a power splitting-based network analog coding for maximizing a physical layer security in 2-hop networks where the wireless-powered relay can harvest energy from the signals transmitted by two sources. We formulate systems where two sources, relay, and eavesdropper exist, and find an optimal power splitting ratio for maximizing the minimum required secrecy capacity using an exhaustive search. Through simulations under various environments, it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme improves the minimum required secrecy capacity by preventing the eavesdropper from overhearing source signals, compared to the conventional scheme.