• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.631-648
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• 2012

The integrative ecological approaches of chemical assessments, physical habitat modelling, and multi-metric biological health modelling were applied to Gwanpyeong Stream within Gap-Stream watersheds to evaluate environmental impacts on the constructions of residential and commercial complex. For the analysis, the surveys conducted from 45 sites of reference streams within the Gap-Stream watershed and 3 regular sites during 2009 - 2010. Physical habitat health, based on the habitat model of Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index(QHEI) declined from the headwaters(good - fair condition) to the downstream(poor condition). Chemical water quality, based turbidity and electric conductivity(EC), was degraded toward to the downstream, and especially showed abrupt increases, compared to the values of control streams(CS). Also, concentrations of chlorophyll-a in the downstreams were greater compared to the control stream(CS), indicating an eutrophication. Biological health conditions, based on the Index of Biological Integrity(IBI) using fish assemblages, averaged 19.3 which is judged as a fair condition by the biological criteria of the Ministry of Environment, Korea. The comparisons of model metric values in sensitive species and riffle-benthic species on the Maximum Species Richness Line(MSRL) of 45 reference streams indicated a massive disturbances in all sampling locations. Also, tolerance guild and trophic guild analyses suggest that dominances of tolerant species and omnivores were evident, indicating a biological degradation by habitat disturbances and organic matter pollutions. There was no distinct longitudinal variations of IBI model values from the headwater to the downstream in spite of slight chemical and habitat health gradients among the sampling sites. Overall, integrative ecological health(IEH) scores, based on the chemical, physical, and biological parameters, were low compared to the 45 reference streams due to physical and chemical disturbances of massive constructions of the residential and commercial complex. This stream, thus showed a tendency of typical urban streams which are disturbed in the chemical water quality, habitat structures, and biological integrity. Effective stream management plans and restoration strategies are required in this urban stream for improving integrative stream health.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and mental health status of foreign migrant workers in Korea, and to provide basic data for assessment of industrial Nurses, and to contribute to the improvement of their health status. There were 108 workers who participated in this study. They lived in Seoul and the capital region and the data were collected from 11th August to 23th, 1996. The C.M.I. was utilized for the study. The results obtained by this study were as follows: Digestive system and Inadequacy have the largest portion of the physical and mental illness respectively. With regard to physical and mental illness ac cording to the gender, the frequency of illness experienced by women was higher than men in Genitourinary system and Sensitivity. By ages, there were significant differences between those in their 20's and 30's and in their 40's, particularly Ears and Eyes system. There were significant differences in mental health illness according to educational levels. The middle school graduate group had more health ill ness than the group with higher than high school education in Anxiety. There were significant differences in the rate of job satisfaction. The dissatisfied group had more health illness in Eyes and Ears, Miscellaneous diseases, and Inadequacy. The lower the rate of working condition satisfaction, the higher the frequency rate of physical and mental health illness (Eyes and Ears, Musculoskeletal system, Nervous system, Frequency of illness, Habits, Total physical section, Inadequacy, Depression, Anxiety, Anger, Tension, Total mental section) By the accessibility of health services, the group who has respond to difficult had more health illness in Frequency of illness, Anxiety, Anger, Tension and Total mental section. There were significant differences in the reason of difficulty of health services use concerning Eyes and Ears and Miscellaneous diseases. The most important factor to explain the satisfaction of job and working condition was the satisfaction for supervisor.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.191-203
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• 2001

The health of a nurse is very important because her mental and physical health can influence toward nursing patients directly, Especially, Cancer patients are growing annually. Also, terminal cancer patients' nursing and dead place are increasingly using hospital and the period of nursing for cancer patients are increasing. Nursing for cancer patients are different with acute disease. Therefore, I analysed comparing nurses' health working in cancer and general ward so that nurses working at cancer ward could be developed as a professional nurse, and I wanted to establish the foundation of nursing administration and reasonable manpower management to supply good quality of nursing to patients. In my research, I selected 117 nurses working in cancer ward and 134 nurses working in general word to analyse the stress rate and nurse's health comparing nurses working in general ward and cancer ward. The survey was conducted of nurses working in cancer ward nurses in 2 university hospitals, nurses working in a cancer hospital, and general ward nurses working in 3 public hospital. Also, the data was collected from Sep. 13, 2001 to Sep. 28, 2001. As health measuring tool, I used Cornell Medical Index(CMI) which are developed to fit Koreans by Ko Ungrin and Park Hang-bas (1980) using Cornell Medical Services which were designed by Weiser, Brosman, Mittelman, Wechler, Wolff in Cornell University(1945). As working stress measuring tool, I used Questionaries which were designed by Kim Mae-ja and Ku Mi-ok(1984) and then developed by Bae In-sook(1996). For managing the data, I used frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$ verification, t-test, and F-test (ANOVA). And in the case of significant data(p<.05). I did Duncan's test for post verification. The mutual relation between health condition and working stress rate have been conducted using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient. Followings are the results of my research. 1. Two groups showed significant differency at age after testing homogeneous character between two groups (${\chi}^2$ =9.919, p=.007). 2. Comparing two group's health condition, cancer ward(average 19.35${\pm}$18.34) were higher than general ward(14.42${\pm}$10.59) and showed statistical significant differency(p=.009). And, comparing two group's mental condition, cancer ward(9.00${\pm}$9.79) were higher than general ward(7.13${\pm}$6.35) and statistically no differency. 3. After comparing two group's working stress rate, the rate of cancer ward nurse's working stress(3.36${\pm}$.50) is higher than general ward nurse (3.32${\pm}$.48). There are no significant differency. However, in the detailed verification test, there were significant differency at inappropriate compensation (t=3.254, p=.001) and medication issue (t=2.170, p=.031). 4. After comparing health condition at general points, physical health condition showed significant differency at age(p=.020), the number of children (p=.015), religion (p=.015), position(p=.005), career(p=.008), working satisfaction(p=.003), activity after office hour(p=.045); and mental health condition showed significant differency at position(p=.010), career (p=.017), working satisfaction (p=.003). 5. After comparing the working stress rate according to general points, there were significant differency at working satisfaction (F=5.285, p=.006), predicted nursing(F=3.822, p=.023). 6. At the relation of health condition and working stress rate between two groups. physical and mental condition showed significant relation with working stress rate. i.e, if a nurse's health condition is not good, she are feeling much more stress than others. After considering all the factors in my research, I found that the health condition and stress rate of cancer ward nurses is much higher than general ward nurses. Considering that cancer ward nurses is necessary to care for increasing cancer patients with mental and physical nursing, the less stress for cancer ward nurses is very important to develop nursing quality and working efficiency by keeping good health condition, specializing cancer ward nurses. Therefore, we need following studies to find the factors which are effecting to cancer ward nurses' health and specialization. Also, we need to improve managing working condition to decrease working stress by improving working condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2015

PURPOSE: According to advanced research, the effect of foot type on balance is 3 type. There are squared foot, morton's foot and Egyptian foot. Above all, Morton's foot accounts for 22% of people. The purpose of this study is to find the effect of Morton's Foot on Balance Ability. METHODS: Twenty healthy woman participate in this study(Mean age:23.93; Mean height: 163.35; Mean weight: 56.20). They doesn't have musculoskeletal or neurogical disorder. Ten of participants have morton's foot group, and another ten person are normal foot group. Measurment of balance was used by Balance trainer(BT4) and balance pad(AIREX). Data analyzed in 3 way ANOVA. RESULTS: In foot type and support type of variables, Morton's foot was significant differences in C90 area and Velocity. There was no significant difference between foot type and visual condition. In support type and visual condition of variables, unstable support significantly decreased in Tracelength, C90area and Velocity. If we find out correlationship of foot type, visual condition and support condition, There didn't have relationship each other. CONCLUSION: This study found that correlationship of foot type, visual condition and support condition. But, there are no significant differences. Nevertheless, These results will also be able to offer baseline data about Morton's foot study in future.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.467-478
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze dental technician's job environment and health condition level and to examine its correlation. Methods: 250 dental technicians in Seoul, Incheon, and Jeonbuk area were selected. Survey was carried out from October 11, 2010 to November 25, 2010 by using self-administered questionnaire. As for the tools for this study, the structured questionnaire was used with its proven reliability and feasibility, and the questionnaire consisted of total 49 questions which included general attribute of subjects(14 questions), job Environment(13 questions) and health condition(22 questions). The data analysis was processed by computerized system with SPSS Win 17.0. Statistical analysis techniques included frequency, percentage, T-test, One-way ANOVA analysis and regression analysis. Results: As a result of analyzing the research subjects' job environment level, there was significant difference in the item of gender, working hours a day(Hour), healthy condition, job satisfaction level with dental technician, plan for task continuity in dental technician(P<0.05). The average in the job environment was indicated to be high with 2.85. As a result of analyzing the research subjects' health condition level, there was significant difference in the item of gender, task field, working hours a day(Hour), healthy condition, job satisfaction level, plan for task continuity(P<0.05). The average in the self health recognition was indicated to be high with 2.83. Conclusion: Correlation between job environment and health condition, all of variables were indicated to have reverse correlation, thereby having been shown that the worse job environment leads to the more physical subjective symptoms.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated the physical and emotional health of South Korean mothers of preterm infants in the early postpartum period. Methods: In this descriptive correlational study, the participants included 91 mothers of preterm infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in South Korea. Physical health status was measured using a self-reported questionnaire, postpartum depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and guilt using a 4-item scale. Results: Fatigue had the highest score among mothers' physical health problems, followed by shoulder pain, nipple pain, neck pain. The average postpartum depression score was 11.02 points, and 44% of women had postpartum depression with a score of 12 or above. Postpartum depression significantly was correlated with physical health (r=.35, p=.001), anxiety (r=.84, p<.001), and guilt (r=.75, p<.001) and was significantly higher for women with multiple births, and preterm infants who required ventilator and antibiotic treatment. Anxiety also showed a significant difference according to preterm infants' condition. Conclusion: The significant correlations between postpartum depression and physical health, anxiety, and guilt indicate a need for nursing interventions that provide integrated management of mothers' physical and emotional health.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2000

This study investigated the effect of anticipatory postural adjustment on balance performance in postural disturbance. Any action performed by standing subject is generally accompanied by compensatory postural activities, which reduce or abolish the postural disturbance generated by the movement and keep the subjects' center of gravity within the supporting base. These Postural activities arc triggered by either anticipatory and feedback postural control. We studied the difference of anticipatory and feedback postural control in postural disturbance. The subjects were standing on a foot plate with eyes closed, holding a lead of $5\%$ of their own body weight in their hands. The condition of anticipatory postural adjustment was applied voluntarily releases the a load. The condition of feedback postural control was applied that the load was unpredictably removed. We concluded that anticipatory postural adjustment becomes more efficient to postural performance in postural disturbance.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.109-113
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fall experience and task complexity on gait performance in community-dwelling persons with chronic hemiparetic stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Thirty-three persons who had a history of stroke participated in this study. The participants included 18 persons (aged mean 54.0, mean score of 24.6 points on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) with fall experience (faller group) and 15 persons (aged mean 53.7, mean score of 24.7 points on the MoCA) without fall experience (non-faller group) in the previous six months. This study measured balance and gait performance at two different conditions (with/without 70% of water filled in a 200 cc cup). The participants were clinically assessed using the 10-meter walk test (10MWT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), Berg Balance scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), and Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Results: After analyzation, persons in the faller group performed significantly better on the 10MWT, 6MWT, BBS, DGI, and the TUG test in the no-cup-carrying condition than those in the cup-carrying condition (p<0.05). The persons in the non-faller group also performed significantly better in all outcome measures with the no-cup-carrying condition than those in the cup-carrying condition (p<0.05). However, there was no interaction between fall experience and task complexity in the two groups. Conclusions: Our results showed that balance and gait performance depended on fall experience and task complexity but fall experience did not interact with task complexity. Clinicians should consider fall prevention and task complexity during therapeutic approaches in persons with hemiparetic stroke.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to compare the difference of joint position sense between measurements. Fourteen healthy male subjects were recruited for this study. The elbow joint position senses were measured using angle reproduction test. The elbow joint position sense was assessed with three experimental conditions: ipsilateral reproduction test in open-chain condition, contralateral reproduction test in open-chain condition, ipsilateral reproduction test with weight in open-chain condition and ipsilateral reproduction test in closed-chain condition. The angular difference between stimulus position and the reproduced position (angular error) was calculated in all testing conditions to examine the accuracy of the joint position sense. One way ANOVA was used to compare the error angles in all experimental conditions. The error angles between measurements were significantly different in elbow joint. The error angles was smallest in ipsilateral reproduction test with weight in open-chain condition and was greatest in the contralateral reproduction test in open-chain condition. Findings of this study indicate that testing methods, types of task, existence of resistance should be considered in clinical assessment for the joint position sense.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.21-28
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the onset times of muscle activities and the order of muscle firing in erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis and biceps brachii during perturbation between subjects with and without work-related chronic low back pain (LBP). Twenty-nine subjects, 14 with and 15 without LBP, participated in this study. The muscle responses were measured by surface EMG (electromyography) during perturbation in eye opened and eye closed conditions. The EMG onset times of the erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis and biceps brachii were similar between groups in eye closed condition. But the onset times of the erector spinae, multifidus, rectus abdominis were significantly delayed in subjects with LBP in eye opened condition. The results provide an evidence for impaired feed-forward control of the trunk muscles in subjects with LBP. Further studies are needed to identify whether the impaired feed-forward control of the trunk muscles is the contributing factor to LBP.