• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.189-198
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• 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of biomechanical variables on gait according to indoor and outdoor environmental conditions in elderly women at risk of falling. Method: 26 elderly women aged 70 years or older, and consisted of 13 elderly people with a walking speed of less 1.0 m/s and 13 people in the fall risk group as normal groups. Depending on the purpose of the study, physical examination and psychological questionnaire were prepared, and then walking was performed in an indoor/outdoor environment, and the gait pattern, muscle activity, and plantar pressure results were compared and analyzed in the elderly females through a 2 group × 2 environment 2-way repeted ANOVA analysis. Results: The gait variable showed an interaction effect the cadence. The muscle variables showed interaction effects in the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior muscles, and the interaction effects of the plantar pressure variables were confirmed in the forefoot and midfoot of the contact area, and the midfoot of the mean pressure. Conclusion: These results indicate that both groups are exposed to falls risk when gait in an outdoor environment, but the fall risk group has a higher risk of falls in both the gait pattern, muscle activity, and plantar pressure variables. The results of this study are considered to be helpful as basic data and development of exercise programs to prevent falls.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.876-879
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• 2006

This study was performed for developing the National Environmental Assessment Map (NEAM) in Korea and presenting the application method of NEAM. This NEAM adopted the least indicator method and uses a Geographic Information System (GIS). This map is made through evaluation of 67 items, including greenbelt status and biodiversity. As a result, the construction of NEAM was defined as a process of identifying land use to scientifically assess the physical and environmental value of land and classify conservation value into several grades for the sustainable management of environmental resources. After applying NEAM criteria of five degrees to the whole of Korea, Grade I, showing the highest conservation value, accounted for 45.6% by land area of NEAM. Grades II, III, IV, and Ⅴlikewise accounted for, respectively, 23.6%, 17.9%, 6.3%, and the lowest conservation value of 6.6%. This map can be widely used in, for example, urban and regional planning, development planning, and environment impact assessment.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.143-151
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• 2013

As we recognize the space, humans will experience a process to synthesize elements of cognitive various methods, come to understand the environment. It is intended that on humans to recognize the space, it is intended to act directly under study how to recognize. Humans can know that the determining action based on the values and physical condition, based on the space in which they have been recognized, there are differences in the behavior of the human as a result. Social and arrangement of components - physical region that is cultural difficulties constitute experience specific areas therein. Space for human activities and human, can know that it is not a memory of human behavior, to have a closer relationship with human perception. That is, the description will be aware of the space via the perceptual phenomenon of man due to physical elements performed in the space, what acts about what happens. Through an understanding of the potential for this, and emotion space production consisting only of physical visual element future, and use act of the area to be expressed from his recognition, through the expansion of the perceptual elements, diverse experience richer and more it is a case where deemed necessary access space configuration capable of a broad depth study of this portion is happening, in order to constitute a space, a new interpretation for human behavior is progressing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to suggest a basis for exterior space improving in university campus in terms of upgrading the quality of university education environment by analysing user's cognition and physical feature about campus exterior space. For this, this study was survey six major university students in Busan city about perception of campus exterior space, and analyzes the user's cognition by using natural-language vocabulary analysis for qualitative approach. Next, this study analyzes the physical feature of campus exterior space by investigating user's intensive using spaces and preferred, non-preferred spaces in their universities, then propose the improved direction of campus exterior space by comparing the analyzed data of user's cognition and physical feature. A SPSS20 program is used for the data analysis and the sample sizes are 171 college students.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.127-132
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• 2013

In this paper, we design the physical layer of Guardian modem for wireless public networks. The physical layer is composed of a dual-band RF (Radio Frequency) transceiver and a baseband-processor with quasi-orthogonal codes. The 2.4/5GHz dual-band RF transceiver can overcome the communication difficulty of dense 2.4GHz band for wireless public environment. Also the quasi-orthogonal code can reduce the required ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) design area. Finally, we analyze the performance of the developed system in viewpoint of data rate, BER (Bit Error Rate), PER (Packet Error Rate). Moreover we verify the performance of the dual-band RF communication.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.69-78
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• 2013

Purpose : This study was to investigate the satisfaction of clinical practice according to medical institute. Methods : A survey was administered for 70 college students with experience in clinical practices. We investigated using a questionnaire on 'curriculum factors on practice', 'environmental factors on practice', 'time-schedule factors on practice', 'teaching factors on practice'. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 for window version. Results : 1. The degree of satisfaction on curriculum of clinical practice was higher college hospital than other hospital in 3 among 5 items(p<.05). 2. The degree of satisfaction on environmental factors of clinical practice was higher school hospital than other hospital in 4 among 6 items(p<.05). 3. The degree of satisfaction on time-schedule factors of clinical practice was higher college hospital than other hospital in 1 among 5 items(p<.05). 4. The degree of satisfaction on teaching factors of clinical practice was higher college hospital than other hospital in 4 among 6 items(p<.05). Conclusion : It was revealed by this survey that the satisfaction of clinical practice in school hospital had higher other hospital in curriculum, environment and teaching factors. To maximize the effects of clinical practice, a clinical practice program in school hospital is required and further research and attention are suggested.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.40-49
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• 2020

Recently, the form of education has changed from one-way to two-way and mutual exchange rather than the existing one-way order form, and accordingly, it is necessary to consider creating a suitable learning environment for each type of education. The basic form of education consists of the delivery of knowledge, that is, the delivery of knowledge by teachers to education consumers through voice delivery, so the sound environment is considered an essential factor in creating a pleasant learning environment. The indoor sound environment is very closely related to the mental stress of the inmate, so the quality level of education will also change greatly depending on whether or not the appropriate sound environment is created. However, the importance of the sound environment in educational facilities such as classrooms has not been highlighted due to the lack of research and related laws on the sound environment. Therefore, in this study, auditory tests were conducted using the auralization based on the physical acoustic performance data presented in the preceding study. Through this, we wanted to verify the validity of this research by analyzing the subjective acoustic performance satisfaction of the occupants due to the improvement of the physical acoustic performance. Based on these research results, it is estimated that the improvement of the sound environment of educational facilities through remodeling in the future will be possible to verify whether the sound environment suitable for educational facilities is created only after the analysis stage on the improvement of subjective sound performance as well as physical sound performance.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.163-169
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• 2014

Engineers in the construction field have been using bonded waterproofing sheets in an attempt to resolve the imbalance in the quality, the risk of fire, safety of workers, and environmental pollution, as well as to eliminate separate use of organic adhesives on the surface of concrete. Recently, self-laminated waterproofing sheets have been developed. The purpose of this research is to find an appropriate processing speed according to the changes in physical properties, and visual observation of the waterproofing sheets laminated by the aluminum thin-film and viscosity layer that can be attached through self-adhesiveness on the surface of concrete and waterproofing sheets. Therefore, this research is conducted using a physical performance test. Based on the result of the test, when the high-frequency inductive heating apparatus was used, an improved adhesion and bonding stability effect were confirmed after the anti-hydrostatic pressure and bond strength in the temperature condition, and the surface observation in the processing speed condition.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.367-377
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the deterioration of trail conditions and to obtain information for desirable maintenance and restoration of a trail in Deogyusan National Park. The physical characteristics of a trail were surveyed at a total of 412 sites over 79.8 km length. The average trail degree and width were found to be 14.31° and 1.60 m, respectively, while the average bare trail width was 1.40 m and the average maxim trail depth was 5.66 cm. Major deterioration types of trail were trail deepening (36.6%), rock exposure (33.9%), and root exposure (12.5%) in order of frequency. Deterioration classes of the trail were 0.626 km (0.8%), 3.110 km (3.9%) and 8.935 km (11.2%) for heavily, moderately, and lightly deteriorated, respectively, with a deterioration rate of 12.671 km (15.9%). Compared to other national parks, the ratio damaged trail to the total trail was 15.9%, which is slightly higher than other, including Jirisan National Park 9.6% (2019), Bukhansan National Park 13.6% (2019), Sokrisan National Park 11.7% (2019), Chiaksan National Park 12.3% (2015), and Woraksan National Park 10.5% (2015). The section of trail in Deokyusan National Park where the damage grade is analyzed as "Heavy" should therefore be restored in consideration of the field conditions. In particular, the damage status of the trail is expected to be greatly improved when the trail surface maintenance level is restored.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.17-21
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• 2003

This study is mainly acceptive for physical material performance than waterproofing layer performance on the external condition after construction. The reason are legalized only for material performance quality standard even though it is existed waterproofing materials for membrane. In actuality, waterproofing layer are greatly occurred in performance a decreased developing essential element that are human footprints as a result physical perimeter environment after construction and on the construction. As the result, this present paper purpose for evaluation and performance of the membrane waterproofing layer on the construction.