• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.289-299
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to confirm the effect of mindfulness education on perceived stress, mindfulness, psychological well-being, and brain waves. The study used a repeated-measures design to examine 42 female university students currently enrolled in mindfulness courses. Subjects participated in the mindfulness course once a week for eight weeks, 50 minutes per session. The main outcome variables, such as perceived stress, mindfulness, and psychological well-being, were measured with a structured questionnaire and brain waves were measured with an electroencephalograph. The same variables were then measured after the completion of the eight-week course. The results demonstrate that perceived stress significantly decreased from 1.85±0.39 to 1.66±0.39 points (t=3.44, p=.001), while, on the other hand, mindfulness increased from 3.10±0.26 points to 3.19±0.32 points (t =-2.78, p=.008). There was also a significant difference in the level of autonomy, a subcategory of psychological well-being (t=-2.70, p=.010). In addition, EEG indicated significant changes in the frequencies of Theta channel 19 and Rapid Alpha channels 7 and 10. These results suggest that further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of mindfulness education through the modification of mindfulness course plans, diversification of teaching methods, and improvement in the educational environment.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.115-127
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• 2021

With the development of science and technology around the world, the realm of cyberspace, following land, sea, air, and space, is also recognized as a battlefield area. Accordingly, it is necessary to design and establish various elements such as definitions, systems, procedures, and plans for not only physical operations in land, sea, air, and space but also cyber operations in cyberspace. In this research, the importance of cyber targets that can be considered when prioritizing the list of cyber targets selected through intermediate target development in the target development and prioritization stage of targeting processing of cyber operations was selected as a factor to be considered. We propose a method to calculate the score for the cyber target and use it as a part of the cyber target prioritization score. Accordingly, in the cyber target prioritization process, the cyber target importance category is set, and the cyber target importance concept and reference item are derived. We propose a TIR (Target Importance Rank) algorithm that synthesizes parameters such as Event Prioritization Framework based on PageRank algorithm for score calculation and synthesis for each derived standard item. And, by constructing the Stuxnet case-based network topology and scenario data, a cyber target importance score is derived with the proposed algorithm, and the cyber target is prioritized to verify the proposed algorithm.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.153-162
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• 2022

Relevance. Innovative activities in education should be aimed at ensuring the comprehensive development of the individual and professional development of students. The main idea of modular technology is that the student should learn by himself, and the teacher manages his learning activities. The advantage of modular technology is the ability of the teacher to design the study of the material in the most interesting and accessible forms for this part of the study group and at the same time achieve the best learning results. Innovative Moodle technology. it is gaining popularity every day, significantly expanding the space of teaching and learning, allowing students to study inter-faculty university programs in depth. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of implementation of the e-learning system Moodle. The study was conducted at the South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky in order to identify barriers to the effective implementation of innovative distance learning technologies Moodle and introduce a new model that will have a positive impact on the development of e-learning. Methodology. The paper used a combination of theoretical and empirical research methods. These include: scientific analysis of sources on this issue, which allowed us to formulate the initial provisions of the study; analysis of the results of students 'educational activities; pedagogical experiment; questionnaires; monitoring of students' activities in practical classes. Results. This article evaluates the implementation of the principles of distance learning in the process of teaching and learning at the University in terms of quality. The experiment involved 1,250 students studying at the South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky. The survey helped to identify the main barriers to the effective implementation of modern distance learning technologies in the educational process of the University: the lack of readiness of teachers and parents, the lack of necessary skills in applying computer systems of online learning, the inability to interact with the teaching staff and teachers, the lack of a sufficient number of academic consultants online. In addition, internal problems are investigated: limited resources, unevenly distributed marketing advantages, inappropriate administrative structure, and lack of innovative physical capabilities. The article allows us to solve these problems by gradually implementing a distance learning model that is suitable for any university, regardless of its specialization. The Moodle-based e-learning system proposed in this paper was designed to eliminate the identified barriers. Models for implementing distance learning in the learning process were built according to the CAPDM methodology, which helps universities and other educational service providers develop and manage world-class online distance learning programs. Prospects for further research focus on evaluating students' knowledge and abilities over the next six months after the introduction of the proposed Moodle-based program.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.79-89
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• 2022

With the popularity and the advanced graphics hardware technology of mobile devices, various mobile applications that help children with physical activities have been studied. This paper presents SandUp, a mobile application that guides the play of building sand castles using artificial intelligence and augmented reality(AR) technology. In the process of building the sandcastle, children can interactively explore the target virtual sandcastle through the smartphone display using AR technology. In addition, to help children complete the sandcastle, SandUp informs the sand shape and task required step by step and provides visual and auditory feedback while recognizing progress in real-time using the phone's camera and deep learning classification. We prototyped our SandUp app using Flutter and TensorFlow Lite. To evaluate the usability and effectiveness of the proposed SandUp, we conducted a questionnaire survey on 50 adults and a user study on 20 children aged 4~7 years. The survey results showed that SandUp effectively helps build the sandcastle with proper interactive guidance. Based on the results from the user study on children and feedback from their parents, we also derived usability issues that can be further improved and suggested future research directions.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.422-432
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• 2022

Soil and micro-climatic environmental monitoring was conducted to evaluate the factors causing tree growth impediments at the Baekdudaegan ecological axis restoration project site. As a result, it was found that the nutrient supply was insufficient in the restoration project site due to the lack of organic matter, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity of the soil compared to the surrounding forest. After the completion of the restoration, the soil moisture in the autumn decreased more than 7 times faster than that of the surrounding forest, and it was evaluated that the soil moisture was significantly low due to the lack of silt and clay content. In the case of the restoration site, the annual potential evapotranspiration was analyzed to be 975mm, which is approximately two times higher than that of the surrounding forest. The soil moisture of the restoration site in the summer decreased rapidly during the daytime when the amount of insolation increased and this was found to be strongly influenced by the increase in potential evapotranspiration. In order to improve the above factors affecting the tree growth at the Baekdudaegan ecological axis restoration project site, it is necessary to induce the smooth supply of nutrients and water to plants by improving physical proprieties and cation exchange capacity, i.e., using litterfall, humus soil, soil conditioner and organic fertilizer. The results of this study are expected to serve as basic data for the design, construction, and management of ecological axis restoration projects in the future.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2022

The magnitude and frequency of extreme floods are increasing owing to the effects of climate change. Therefore, multipurpose flood management techniques incorporating nature-based solutions have been introduced to mitigate the limitations of flood management and river design methods relying on existing observation data. Nature-based solutions to prepare for such extreme flooding events include ways to retreat the embankment, expand the floodplain, and reduce flood damage. To apply these technologies, adopting appropriate location selection methods based on various evaluation factors, such as flood damage reduction effects, sustainable ecological environments, river connectivity, and physical channel structure enhancements, should be prioritized. Therefore, in this study, the optimal location for implementing the multipurpose floodplain construction project was determined by selecting the location of the floodplain expansion with objectivity in the river waterfront area upstream of Daecheong Dam to downstream of Yongdam Dam. Through the final location determination, the Dongdaeje and Jeogokje sections were included in the optimal location considering both flood damage reduction and water environment improvement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.303-314
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• 2022

The persistence analysis of marine physical environment factors is a basic analysis that must precede the use of sea areas as an analysis required in the coastal engineering such as downtime and design. In this study, the persistence analysis was implemented for wind speed and significant wave height data from four observation points of Deokjeokdo, Oeyeondo, Geomundo, and Geojedo among the marine meteorological observation buoys of the Korea Meteorological Administration. The persistence time means the consecutive time of observation data beyond specific level. The threshold wind speed and significant wave height were set in the range of 1~15 m/s and the range of 0.25~3.0 m, respectively. Then, the persistence time was extracted. As a result of the analysis, the persistence time of wind speed and significant wave height decreased rapidly as the reference value increased. The median persistence times under the maximum reference thresholds were assessed as a maximum of 5 hours for wind speed and a maximum of 8 hours for significant wave height. When the reference wind speed and significant wave height were 15 m/s and 3 m, respectively, the persistence time that could occur with a 1% probability were 52 and 56 hours. This study can be expanded to all coastal areas in Korea, and it is expected that various engineering applications by performing a persistence analysis of the metocean data.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.47-59
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• 2023

In this research, laboratory tests were conducted on clayey sand (SC) to analyze its physical properties, compaction/permeability characteristics, and stress-strain behavior. The main objective was to determine the transitional fines content at which the mechanical properties of sand transition to those of clay, resulting in a change in the geotechnical behavior of the material. Additionally, to assess the practical applicability of SC soil, field data from a soft ground improvement site with significant settlement issues were collected. The settlement characteristics derived from laboratory tests and numerical simulations were then compared and analyzed in relation to the actual settlement data obtained from the field, aiming to evaluate the suitability of the SC soil as a compaction target layer. The laboratory tests and compaction analysis showed that the SC soil exhibited a distinct change in mechanical properties, shifting from sandy behavior to clayey behavior when the fines content exceeded 25%. This transition in mechanical behavior was found to be closely correlated with the content of clay particles within the material. Through numerical simulations of the soft ground site, it was verified that the use of clayey sand with a fines content exceeding the transitional level as a compaction target layer resulted in settlements that closely aligned with the measured settlements, with an average agreement of 91.2%. Based on these findings, it is deemed advisable to incorporate clayey sand with a fines content exceeding the transitional level as part of the compaction target layer in the design of soft ground improvements.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.57-65
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• 2019

This study is a scientific approach to psychological factors such as emotional stability among various effects of forest resources. In order to carry out this study, the experiment was conducted on the subjects by setting the forest healing space as various spaces. The subjects who participated in this experiment were the students in their twenties and the average age was 22±1.25 years. The subjects were assessed for emotional words through subjective sequence evaluation in different designated forest healing spot. In addition, the emotional states that they actually perceived were measured by measuring the bio-signals to their perceived emotions. BMP, SDNN, VLF, LF, HF, Amplitude, and PPI were used for the bio-signal reaction experiment applied to this study. The results of this experiment were measured by Friedman test and Wilcoxon test for statistical analysis. n this study, 'good', 'clear', and 'uncomfortable' words were found statistically significant at the spot of forest healing space for subjective emotional vocabulary. In addition, SDNN, HF and Amplitude were statistically significant in the results of quantitative bio-signal measurement at each spot in the forest healing space. Based on the results of this study, we can suggest the application direction and strategic utilization plan of forest healing spot and forest resource utilization field. This is not only a guide for the users who use the facility through the spatial facilities and physical requirements for the emotion based forest-healing, but also can be used as a personalized emotional space design aspect.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2023

Cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) was intercropped with Ziziphus spina-christi as summer forage in two consecutive seasons of 2017 and 2018. The aims to find out suitable agroforestry practice for saline soils of Khartoum State. And to investigate effect of tree spacing on forage biomass yield under semi -irrigated systems. Completely randomized block design with 3 replicates was conducted for this trial. Thus Z.spina-christi that fixed at 4×4 m was intercropped with cowpea at 1 m and 1.5 m spacing from trees trunk. Tree growth parameters were measured in terms of tree height, tree collar diameter, tree crown diameter and fruit yield per tree. While crop were parameters were determined in terms of plant height, number of plant, forage biomass yield per ha and land equivalent ratio. Soil profile of 1×1 m and 1.5 m depth was excavated and its features were described beside its chemical and physical properties were analyzed for 0-10 cm, 0-30 cm, and 30-60 cm and 60-100 cm layers. The results revealed that soil pH, CaCO₃, SAR, ESP, and EC ds/m were increased by increasing soil depths. Meanwhile tree growth in terms of tree height was significant in the first season 2017 when compared with tree collar diameter and tree crown diameter. Also significant differences were recorded for tree growth when compared with sole trees in the second season in 2018. Tree fruit showed marked variations between the two seasons, but it was higher under intercropping particularly at ZS2. Crop plant height was highly significant under sole cropping than intercropping in first season in 2017. In contrast forage biomass yield was significant under intercropping in ZS1 and ZS2 treatments. Land equivalent ratio was advantageous under this agroforestry system particularly under ZS2. Thus it recorded 5 and 9 for ZS2 in the two consecutive seasons respectively. Therefore, it is feasible to introduce this agroforestry system under such arid lands to provide summer forage yield of highly nutritive value and low cost for animals feed as well as to increase farmers' income and to halt desertification and to sequester carbon.