• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2018

Purpose - It has already been proved that 'mood' as the physical environment of shopping affects consumers' main sensory channels such as sight, hearing, smell, touch. However, there is no consensus on how the olfactory cue influences the customers in the shopping environment. In this study, we examine the previous studies on how the olfactory cue affects the customers in the shopping environment and present a clear direction as a suggestion for progressive research. Research design, data, and methodology - It is not important to use a lot of unconditional fragrance, but it should be exposed to the environment that suits the proper fragrance. In recent years, meaningful research on store fragrance has been slowly increasing. As a result, studies on the fragrance effects of retail stores have been conducted to verify the relevance of fragrance suitability in stores and consumer spending scale. Results - The fragrance appropriate for each store can not be uniformly specified as any fragrance. This is because external variables such as time, season, temperature, lighting, density of shoppers, and music in the store also affect customer evaluation. For example, using an unsuitable fragrance may encourage customers to leave the store quickly by restraining impulsive purchases or by disturbing concentration. The store manager should also be interested in using fragrances that are proven and effective in the store environment, but they should also have the ability to easily manipulate and manage the fragrances very appropriately according to changes in the store environment. Store managers should observe consumer preferences and responses according to their goals and strategies, and then systematically manage and store information about the fragrance appropriate to the store. Conclusions - In the future, the fragrance marketing researcher needs to consider the spatial form and density of the customer. In practice, managers operating a retail store should check the most appropriate store density(congestion) according to the size and spatial characteristics of the store and maintain the ideal conditions. To do this, it is necessary to pay attention to how to select and control sensory elements such as fragrance(olfactory), music(auditory), and lighting(visual).

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1053-1059
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• 2017

우엉 분말(BP)은 여러 기능적 활성을 나타내고 있고, 쿠키와 같은 간편식품에 활용하면 소비진작에 도움이 될 것으로 판단되어, 우엉 분말의 첨가량을 0-8%로 달리하여 제조한 쿠키의 물리 화학적 품질, 항산화 활성 및 소비자 기호도를 비교하였다. 쿠키반죽의 pH와 밀도는 BP의 첨가량에 현저한 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 쿠키의 수분함량과 퍼짐성 지수는 BP의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유의적 차이 없는 증가경향을 보였다(p>0.05). 쿠키표면의 명도($L^*$), 적색도($a^*$) 및 황색도($b^*$) 그리고 경도는 BP의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였다(p<0.05). 항산화 활성을 나타내는 전자공여능과 ABTS 라디칼 소거능 활성은 BP를 첨가할수록 유의적으로 증가하는 경향이 나타났다(p<0.05). 소비자 기호도 결과 2% 첨가군이 전체적 기호도를 포함한 모든 평가항목에서 유의적으로 높게 평가되어, 관능품질과 건강기능성 효과 등을 고려할 때 소비자의 기호를 충족시키기 위한 최적 첨가비율은 2%가 가장 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2006

Sensory factors are important determinants of appetite and food choices but little is known about factors affecting taste acuity and preference of Koreans. Any factors causing deficits in sweet taste perception may lead to over consumption of simple sugar, which is related to several chronic diseases. This study was conducted to determine factors affecting sweet taste sensitivity and preference. Subjects were 30 government employees who were serving as school dietitians or in the area of public health while they were studying in the program for the qualification to become nutrition teachers. Sweet taste threshold and the optimally-preferred sweetness of omija jelly were determined by a sensory evaluation and general characteristics, health-related lifestyles, dietary habits and food preferences were determined using a self-administered questionnaire. For the subjects of this study, detection threshold concentration of sucrose solution was $0.184{\pm}0.06%$ and optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly was $13.88{\pm}2.28%$ and there was no significant correlation between the sweet taste sensitivity and preference. Subjects who had higher(${\ge}4$ out of 10) physical or psychological stress and who had late getting-up time (after 7am) tended to have lower sweet taste threshold (higher sensitivity) than their counterpart. The sweet taste preference determined by optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly tended to be lower in the subjects who eat slowly. Those who answered in the questionnaire to prefer sweet foods did have significantly higher optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly. Further research is required to determine whether decreased sensitivity and increased preference for sweetness can increase the actual intake of simple sugar. (J Community Nutrition 8(2): 107 -113, 2006)

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2005

New types of patties were prepared with surimi and crab paste, and then characterized. With an increase of additional ratios of crab paste, the moisture (64.8 to $61.5\%$) of the patties slightly decreased while the ash contents (2.3 to $3.7\%$) increased. The Hunter's color values of the patties decreased in lightness (L value, 58.79 to 54.27) but increased in redness (a value, -2.77 to 3.54). Thus, the patties that had added crab paste appeared slightly more reddish. According to the increasing of additional ratios of crab paste, sensory scores on color and flavor increased whereas the texture score decreased. From the above results, based on physical properties and sensory evaluation, the desirable additional ratio of crab paste for preparing patty was $15\%$. The calcium and phosphorus contents of the patties with the addition of $15\%$ crab paste were 148.8 mg/100 g and 139.6 mg/100 g, respectively, and their ratio (approximately 1:1) was the optimal range in body absorption efficiency. The calcium absorption rate with the $15\%$ additions was 4.9 times higher than that of the patty with no additions. Total amino acid content (16,302 mg/100 g) of the $15\%$ additions showed no difference to the patty without additions, and the major amino acids were aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine and lysine. Exceptionally, the cysteine content of the patty with the $15\%$ crab paste additions was 2 times higher than that found in the patty without crab paste. The major fatty acids were 16:0, 18:1n-9 and 18:2n-6 of the total lipids, and there was no difference between the patties with and without crab paste. The above results showed that crab paste can be used as a crab surimi gel source.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.707-716
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• 2006

To make tofu (soybean curd) with cuttlefish int the cuttlefish ink diluted 20-fold was added to soymilk in the ratio of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% there is no respective comparison here respectively and the prepared cuttlefish inky tofu samples were stored for 15 days at $4^{\circ}C$. After storage, the tofu samples were tested for yield, pH, acidity, bacterial growth, sensory evaluations and physical properties. The yields of 7%(I7) and especially 9%(I9) cuttlefish ink tofu were higher than that of the control tofu(I0). The pH was decreased, but the acidity was increased with increasing storage period. The microorganism count of I9 was the lowest during the storage period. The turbidity gradually increased until 9 days of storage and rapidly increased at 12 days of storage. In the measurement of inky tofu color, the L and b values were decreased during the storage period. In the texture analysis, the hardness, gumminess and brittleness of inky tofu were increased until 12 days of storage but then decreased. Chewiness was decreased with increasing storage period. Springiness of Il and I3 was higher than that of I0. In sensory evaluation, color was increased with increasing cuttlefish inky concentration. Sleekness of I3 was the highest. Hardness and chewiness of inky Il and I3 were the highest. Springiness, cohesiveness and softness were the highest in I3. In overall acceptability, I3 gained the highest score.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.509-518
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• 1998

호도죽의 기호도 조사와 모델로 선정한 호도죽의 농도, 호도 첨가량에 따른 호도죽의 특성을 Viskograph에 의한 호화도 측정과 관능평가를 통해 연구한 결과 다음과 같이 요약된다. 1. 기호도 조사 결과, 호도죽은 현재 인지도와 섭취율이 낮으나 별미식, 치료식, 이유식등의 즉석식품으로 개발된다면 섭취율이 높아질 것으로 사료된다. 2. 죽의 재료로 쌀을 갈아 즉석에서 죽을 쑤는 경우와 찰가루로 죽을 쑤는 경우가 있는데, 쌀을 갈아쓴 경우는 죽의 점성이 낮고 노화도가 컸으며, 쌀가루를 사용할 경우는 점성이 높고 노화가 늦게 일어났다. 쌀가루를 수화한 후 사용하면 점성이 보다 높았다. 쌀가루의 입자 크기가 작을수록 호화 개시 온도가 낮았으며 점성이 약간 높았다. 3. 호도죽은 흰죽보다 호화 개시 온도가 낮고 호화개시 시간도 앞서서 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 또한 최고 점도도 낮아지는 양상을 볼 수 있었으며 노화정도도 낮았다. 호도죽에서 물의 첨가량을 달리했을 때 물의 첨가량이 적을수록 점도가 높게 나타났으며, 일정한 물의 수준에서 호도 첨가량을 달리한 죽의 호화도 양상에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 4. 호도죽의 농도와 호도량에 따른 호도죽의 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 관능적 특성으로는 고소한 향, 느끼한 향. 색, 점도, 고소한 맛, 느끼한 맛, 전체 기호도를 보아 쌀가루와 호도첨가량의 부피비가 1:1이었을때가 가장 좋은 기호도를 보였다. 물의 첨가량을 달리한 경우 호도죽의 특성에는 유의적 차이가 없었고(p<0.05), 쌀가루와 물의 비율은 1:6이 적합하였다. 이 결과, 호도죽을 만들때 쌀가루를 사용하면 조리 시간이 단축되고, 호도죽의 관능적 특성에는 물의 첨가량 변화보다 호도 첨가량이 보다 큰 영향을 미쳤음을 알 수 있었으며 특히, 호도에 함유되어 있는 식물성 기름의 느끼한 풍미와 고소한 풍미는 호도죽의 관능 특성에 많은 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이 연구를 통해 한국 전통 견과류죽인 호도죽에 대한 일반인의 인지도 및 관심을 확인하였으며 이 결과를 토대로 여러종류의 죽의 특성을 연구하여 전통죽의 다양한 제품개발을 위한 연구가 많이 시도되어져야겠다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2001

본 연구는 single-screw extrusion puffing을 이용하여 동태, 탈지콩가루의 양은 고정시키고, 쌀가루와 옥수수가루의 함량을 달리하여 제조한 압출 성형제품의 특성을 알아보고자 실행하였다. 각 제품에 있어 일반성분에서의 통계적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으며 품질특성에서는 쌀가루 100%로 제조한 제품이 다른 제품과 비교했을 때 팽화율이 높고, 밀도가 낮으며 전단력이 가장 낮게 나타나 유의성 있는 차이를 보여주었다(P<0.05). 100% 쌀가루제품이 색도에서도 명도가 가장 높았고, 관능검사의 전반적인 바람직성 검사에서도 선호도가 높게 나타났다. 결론적으로 수산식품인 동태와 탈지콩가루를 쌀가루에 첨가하여 옥수수가루보다 팽창이 잘된 압출성형제품을 전단력이 낮은 좋은 조건에서 생산할 수 있었다. 이 결과는 차후 제품 개발에 동태를 첨가시킨 쌀가루 스낵제품을 만들 수 있는 기초자료가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2015

카레분말의 주원료인 강황을 유과 제조에 이용함으로써 유과의 기능성을 향상시켜 노인용 간식으로 발전시키려는 목적으로 찹쌀가루의 각각 5, 10, 15, 20%를 카레분말로 대체하여 유과를 제조한 결과, 카레분말의 첨가량이 많아질수록 경도는 증가하였으나, 바삭함에는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 색은 카레분말 첨가량에 비례하여 노란색이 유의적으로 증가하였고, 과산화물가와 산가를 측정한 결과 카레분말을 15% 이상 첨가할 경우, 효과적으로 유과의 산패를 억제할 수 있었다. 관능검사결과, 카레분말을 첨가한 유과는 첨가하지 않은 대조군에 비해 관능적 특성이 향상되었으나, 20% 첨가한 경우 짠 맛이 두드러지게 나타났다. 여러 특성들을 종합해 본 결과, 유과에 첨가하는 카레분말의 양은 찹쌀가루의 15%가 가장 적당한 것으로 보여진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.421-428
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• 2011

Low-fat sausages with or without 10% hydrated rice flour were made from duck, chicken and pork and their physical and sensory properties were compared. Results showed that moisture content did not differ significantly among the sausage batters. However, crude protein, crude fat and total ash content were significantly lower in the group with added rice flour compared with the no flour group. Crude protein and crude fat were the highest in pork sausages without rice flour (p<0.05). Adding 10% rice flour reduced total expressible fluid in all meat type sausages. Cooking loss was also decreased when 10% rice flour was used in making sausages from chicken and pork. However, no changes in cooking loss were found in duck meat by adding rice flour. Again, the highest cooking loss was in pork sausages without rice flour and lowest in chicken sausages with 10% rice flour. The pH of the meat from different animal species differs significantly, although no significant difference was found within meat types with or without rice flour. Lightness ($L^*$) increased, while redness ($a^*$) decreased with adding rice flour in all meat type sausages. Results showed that hardness was significantly reduced when 10% rice flour was added to pork, chicken and duck meat (p<0.05). This may be due to increased water retention of rice flour after cooking. Sensory evaluation indicated that the overall acceptability of pork and chicken sausages with or without rice flour was the same, but duck sausages without rice flour had the highest off-flavor score among the sausages. Addition of rice flour increased the overall acceptability of duck sausage to that of pork and chicken sausages.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.387-393
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• 1988

밀가루, 보리쌀, 쌀, 찹쌀을 각각 전분질원료로 사용한 고추장의 숙성중 화학성분, 점도 및 색도의 변화를 조사하고 관능검사를 한 결과, 수분, 환원당, 아미노태 질소, pH 및 적정산도는 네 가지 고추장 모두 그 변화 경향이 비슷하였으며, 점도는 처음 10일 동안에 급격히 감소하였다. 색도는 숙성중 lightness, redness 및 yellowness가 점차로 감소하였는데 60일 후의 total color difference는 쌀고추장이 가장 컸다. 관능검사 결과 점도만 쌀고추장과 다른 고추장 사이에 유의차가 있었고, 색, 향기, 맛은 유의차가 없어 전체적으로 전분질원료에 따른 품질의 차이는 없었으며 Hunter a값은 육안으로 판정한 주관적 평가의 순위와 높은 상관관계를 보였다.