• 제목/요약/키워드: phylogenetic

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음용 지하수중에 분포하는 저영양세균의 계통학적 해석 (Phylogenetic Analysis of Oligotrophic Bacteria Found in Potable Groundwater)

  • 김인기;;황경숙
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.293-298
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    • 2002
  • 다양한 농도의 영양배지(nutrient broth, NB; diluted nutrient broth, DNB)를 이용하여 음용 지하수중의 세균수를 계수한 결과, 통상농도의 NB배지에 비해 저영양배지인 DNB배지에서 2~50배 이상 높은 계수치를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과로부터 지하수중에는 NB배지에서는 중식이 현저히 저해되고 DNB배지에서만 중식이 가능한 저영양세균(oligotrophic bacteria)이 다수 분포하고 있음이라 판단되어 DNB배지로부터 184균주의 저영양세균을 분리하였다. 본 연구에서는 시판 음용수(CW, CJ )와 광천수(DPG, CJG1)에서 분리된 저영양세균 102 균주의 165 rDNA 염기서열을 결정하여 계통분류학적 특성을 검토한 결과 세 개의 주요한 계통군: Proteobacteria $\alpha$-subdivision (49 균주), $\beta$-subdivision (50 균주), $\gamma$-subdivision (3 균주)으로 분류되었다. Proteobacteria $\alpha$-subdivision에는 Afipia, Blastobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Caulobacter, Phenylobacterium, Rhizobioum, Sphingomonas가 포함되었으며, $\beta$-subdivision에는 Acidovorax, Azonexus, Ferribacterium, Janthinobacterium, Leptothrix, Polaromonas, Variovorax가 포함되었고, $\gamma$-subdivision에는 Rhodanobacter 등 다양한 계통군이 확인되었다.

양식 강도다리, Platichthys stellatus 및 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus에서 분리한 marine birnavirus (MABV)의 phylogenetic 분석 (Phylogenetic analysis of marine birnavirus (MABV) isolated from cultured starry flounder Platichthys stellatus and olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea)

  • 박신후;박명애;조미영
    • 한국어병학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.211-218
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    • 2009
  • 경북 울진 지역에서 채집된 양식 강도다리와 충남 태안 및 부산 지역 넙치 시료로부터 분리한 MABV에 대한 유전자 비교를 위해 VP2-NSPhylogenetic VP3 region (432 bp)을 phylogenetic 분석에 이용했다. Sequence 확인 결과 MABV (08-KU)는 일본 방어에서 최초 분리 보고된 YTAV와 98%의 nucleotide 유사성이 나타났으며, 이전 보고된 다 른 여러 strain들과는 76%이상 유사한 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 MABV (06-KP)와 MABV (08-KC)도 YTAV와 97-98%의 높은 sequence 유사성을 보였다. 또한 다양한 MABV strain들과의 비교를 위해 충남태안 및 부산지역 넙치 시료에서 분리한 MABV (08-KC)와 MABV (06-KP)에 대한 phylogenetic 분석도 실시하였다. 그 결과 분석에 사용된 MABV (08-KU0, MABV (06-KP), MABV (08-KC)는 모두 일본 방어에서 분리된 MABV Y6와 동일한 genogroup VII에 포함 되었다.

한국 내 육지플라나리아 간 치토크롬 산화효소의 동정과 계통유전학적 관계 (Identification and Phylogenetic Relationship at Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) Gene among Korean Terrestrial Planarian Taxa)

  • 문두호;이영아;허만규
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제21권7호
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    • pp.939-946
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    • 2011
  • 미토콘드리아 산화효소(COI) 유전자의 서열을 이용하여 한국 내 육지플라나리아의 분류와 계통관계를 규명하였다. 유전자은행에서 Bipaliidae과의 종에 관한 기 발표된 서열을 계통분석을 위해 포함시켰다. 육지 플라나리아의 서열 배당은 387 bp에서 444 bp로 나타났으며 이런 차이는 염기 삽입에 기인하였다. COI 분석에 근거한 계통학적 분지도는 형태적 형질에 의한 결과와 일치하지 않았다. Bipalium nobile가 나머지 분류군(Bipalium adventitium, Bipalium venosum, Bipalium kewense, Bipalium multilineatum)을 포함하는 관계로 나타났다. 내부 가지의 분지군은 강하게 지지되었다(>91%). The phylogenic tree on COI 분석에 의한 계통도는 잘 분리되었다. 이들은 단계원을 형성하였다. 미토콘드리아 산화효소 유전자는 한국 내 육지 플라나리아 분류군을 동정하는데 유력한 도구가 될 수 있다.

Molecular Systematics of the Tephritoidea (Insecta: Diptera): Phylogenetic Signal in 16S and 28S rDNAs for Inferring Relationships Among Families

  • Han, Ho-Yeon;Ro, Kyung-Eui;Choi, Deuk-Soo;Kim, Sam-Kyu
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.145-151
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    • 2002
  • Phylogenetic signal present in the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA) and the nuclear large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (28S rDNA) was explored to assess their utility in resolving family level relationships of the superfamily Tephritoidea. These two genes were chosen because they appear to evolve at different rates, and might contribute to resolve both shallow and deeper phylogenetic branches within a highly diversified group. For the 16S rDNA data set, the number of aligned sites was 1,258 bp, but 1,204 bp were used for analysis after excluding sites of ambiguous alignment. Among these 1,204 sites, 662 sites were variable and 450 sites were informative for parsimony analysis. For the 28S rDNA data set, the number of aligned sites was 1,102 bp, but 1,000 bp were used for analysis after excluding sites of ambiguous alignment. Among these 1000 sites, 235 sites were variable and 95 sites were informative for parsimony analysis. Our analyses suggest that: (1) while 16S rDNA is useful for resolving more recent phylogenetic divergences, 28S rDNA can be used to define much deeper phylogenetic branches; (2) the combined analysis of the 16S and 28S rDNAs enhances the overall resolution without losing phylogenetic signal from either single gene analysis; and (3) additional genes that evolve at intermediate rates between the 16S and 28S rDNAs are needed to further resolve relationships among the tephritoid families.

엽록체 DNA psbA-trnH와 atpF-H 염기서열에 기초한 한국산 소나무속의 분자계통학적 연구 (Molecular phylogenetic study of Pinus in Korea based on chloroplast DNA psbA-trnH and atpF-H sequences data)

  • 홍정기;양종철;이유미;김주환
    • 식물분류학회지
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    • 제44권2호
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    • pp.111-118
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    • 2014
  • 엽록체 DNA atpF-H, psbA-trnH region을 마커로 활용하여 국내에 분포하는 소나무속 식물들 중 17분류군에 대한 분자계통학적 연구를 수행하여 한국산 소나무속의 계통학적 유연관계를 규명하고, 소나무속의 유연관계를 잘 나타낼 수 있는 분자마커를 찾아내고자 연구가 수행되었다. atpF-H, psbA-trnH region의 조합분석결과 한국산 소나무속은 100%의 BP로 지지되는 단계통군으로 확인되었으며, 소나무아속과 잣나무아속으로 명확히 구분되어졌다. 본 연구에서 이용된 두 개의 분자마커 중 psbA-trnH region이 atpF-H region보다 한국산 소나무속의 계통 및 유연관계를 규명하는데 다소 높은 해상력을 나타내었다.

Genealogical Relationship between Pedigree and Microsatellite Information and Analysis of Genetic Structure of a Highly Inbred Japanese Black Cattle Strain

  • Sasazaki, S.;Honda, T.;Fukushima, M.;Oyama, K.;Mannen, H.;Mukai, F.;Tsuji, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제17권10호
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    • pp.1355-1359
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    • 2004
  • Japanese Black cattle of Hyogo prefecture (Tajima strain) are famous for its ability to produce high-quality meat and have been maintained as a closed system for more than 80 years. In order to assess the usefulness of microsatellite markers in closed cattle populations, and evaluate the genetic structure of the Tajima strain, we analyzed representative dams of the Tajima strain comprised of the substrains Nakadoi and Kinosaki. Genetic variability analyses indicated low genetic diversity in the Tajima strain. In addition, a recent genetic bottleneck, which could be accounted for by the high level of inbreeding, was detected in both substrains. In phylogenetic analyses, relationship coefficients and genetic distances between individuals were calculated using pedigree and microsatellite information. Two phylogenetic trees were constructed from microsatellite and pedigree information using the UPGMA method. Both trees illustrated that most individuals were distinguished clearly on the basis of the two substrains, although in the microsatellite tree some individuals appeared in clusters of different substrains. Comparing the two phylogenetic trees revealed good consistency between the microsatellite analysis tree and the pedigree information. The correlation coefficient between genetic distances derived from microsatellite and pedigree information was 0.686 with a high significance level (p<0.001). These results indicated that microsatellite information may provide data substantially equivalent to pedigree information even in unusually inbred herds of cattle, and suggested that microsatellite markers may be useful in revealing genetic structure without accurate or complete pedigree nformation. Japanese Black cattle of Hyogo prefecture (Tajima strain) are famous for its ability to produce high-quality meat and have been maintained as a closed system for more than 80 years. In order to assess the usefulness of microsatellite markers in closed cattle populations, and evaluate the genetic structure of the Tajima strain, we analyzed representative dams of the Tajima strain comprised of the substrains Nakadoi and Kinosaki. Genetic variability analyses indicated low genetic diversity in the Tajima strain. In addition, a recent genetic bottleneck, which could be accounted for by the high level of inbreeding, was detected in both substrains. In phylogenetic analyses, relationship coefficients and genetic distances between individuals were calculated using pedigree and microsatellite information. Two phylogenetic trees were constructed from microsatellite and pedigree information using the UPGMA method. Both trees illustrated that most individuals were distinguished clearly on the basis of the two substrains, although in the microsatellite tree some individuals appeared in clusters of different substrains. Comparing the two phylogenetic trees revealed good consistency between the microsatellite analysis tree and the pedigree information. The correlation coefficient between genetic distances derived from microsatellite and pedigree information was 0.686 with a high significance level (p<0.001). These results indicated that microsatellite information may provide data substantially equivalent to pedigree information even in unusually inbred herds of cattle, and suggested that microsatellite markers may be useful in revealing genetic structure without accurate or complete pedigree information.

Comparison of Virulence Factors, Phylogenetic Groups and Ciprofloxacin Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Students and Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Korea

  • Park, Min;Park, Soon-Deok;Kim, Sa-Hyun;Woo, Hyun-Jun;Lee, Gyu-Sang;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Yang, Ji-Young;Cho, Eun-Hee;Uh, Young;Kim, Jong-Bae
    • 대한의생명과학회지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.146-151
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    • 2012
  • Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections and is predominantly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). UPEC strains generally possess several genes encoding virulent factors, which are mostly adhesins, toxins, bacteriocin and siderophores. E. coli is composed of four main phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, D) and virulent extra-intestinal strains mainly belong to groups B2 and D. Prescription of ciprofloxacin, a kind of fluoroquinolone group antibiotics, is increasing now a days, but resistance to this drug is also increasing. A total of 188 strains of E. coli were collected. Thirteen strains were collected from healthy students in 2011 and 175 strains from patients with urinary tract infection in 2010. Virulence factor genes (papC, fimG/H, sfaD/E, hlyA, cnf1, and usp) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for phylogenetic group (A, B1, B2, D) detection. Ciprofloxacin susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method. The identified virulence factors (VFs), phylogenetic groups and ciprofloxacin resistance in 13 E. coli strains isolated from healthy students were papC (15.4%), fimG/H (76.9%), sfaD/E (30.8%), hlyA (23.1%), cnf1 (23.1%), usp (7.7%), phylogenetic group A (23%), B1 (8%), B2 (46%), D (23%) and ciprofloxacin resistance (7.7%), while those of in 175 E. coli strains isolated from patients with UTI were papC (41.1%), fimG/H (92.5%), sfaD/E (30.3%), hlyA (10.3%), cnf1 (30.3%), usp (27.4%), phylogenetic group A (9.1%), B1 (5.1%), B2 (60.6%), D (25.1%) and ciprofloxacin resistance (29.7%). In this study, 10 out of 13 E. coli strains (76.9%) from healthy students were found to possess more than one virulence factor associated with adhesion. In addition, one E. coli strain isolated from healthy students who had never been infected with UPEC showed ciprofloxacin resistance. According to these results between the virulence factors and phylogenetic groups it was closely associated, and UPEC strains isolated from patients showed high level of ciprofloxacin resistance.

한국산 중고기속(Sarcocheilichthys) 어류의 유전적 다양성과 분자계통학적 유연관계 (Genetic Diversity and Molecular Phylogenetic Relationships of the Genus Sarcocheilichthys Fish in Korea)

  • 장지왕;김재구;고재근;윤봉한;배양섭
    • 한국어류학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.139-155
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    • 2024
  • 한국산 중고기속(genus Sarcocheilichthys)에 속하는 중고기(S. nigripinnis morii) 8개 집단과 참중고기(S. variegatus wakiyae) 5개 집단의 미토콘드리아 DNA의 cytb 유전자를 이용하여 각 집단의 유전적 다양성 및 분자계통학적 유연관계를 검토하였다. 참중고기 집단이 중고기 집단보다 유전적 다양성이 높은 것으로 확인되었다. cytb 유전자를 기반으로 한 한국산 중 고기속 어류의 분자계통도상에서 참중고기의 영산강(YSR) 집단은 중고기의 탐진강(TJR), 영산강(YSR), 섬진강(SJR) 집단과 clade를 이루며 현재의 분류체계와 일치하지 않는 유전적 유역관계가 나타났다. 한편, 핵 DNA 분자계통도상에서는 참중고기와 중고기로 뚜렷하게 구분이 가능하여 미토콘드리아 및 핵 DNA가 분자계통도상에서 상충하는 mitonuclear 불일치 현상이 나타냈다. 중고기의 섬진강(SJR) 집단이 동진강(DJR) 집단에 이입되어 교배가 일어난 것으로 추정되는 유전자형이 확인되었다. 동해로 유입되는 하천 중 유일하게 형산강(HSR)에만 이입되어 서식하는 것으로 알려진 중고기 집단은 한강(HR) 집단으로부터 이입되어 형성된 집단으로 추정되었지만, 고유한 유전적 그룹을 나타내는 유전자형도 확인되었다. 중고기의 한강(HR), 금강(GR), 만경강(MGR) 집단은 압록강 이북에 분포하는 북방중고기(S. czerskii), S. soldatovi와 유전적으로 동일 집단을 형성하였으며, 이에 다양한 표본을 확보하여 형태학적 및 분자계통학적 연구를 통한 분류학적 재검토가 요구되었다.