• Title/Summary/Keyword: phospholipase D

검색결과 141건 처리시간 0.028초

항암제에 의한 흰쥐 다형핵백혈구의 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species) 및 산화질소(nitric oxide)의 생성 (Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide by Anticancer Agents in Rat Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes)

  • 강동준;송승희;김철호;이상길;강정부
    • 한국임상수의학회지
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    • 제26권1호
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    • pp.8-16
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    • 2009
  • 항암제에 의해 흰쥐에서 다형핵 백혈구(polymorphonuclear leukocytes, PMN) 의 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)과 산화질소(nitric oxide, NO)의 생성변화에 대해 연구하였다. 최근 자극유도인자에 의한 PMN의 호흡방출은 protein kinase C (PKC)의 활성, inositol phosphate transduction pathway의 활성, 그리고 intracellular [$Ca^{2+}$]와 관계가 있다고 밝혀졌으며, 본 연구에서 사용된 항암제(cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, tamoxifen, doxifluridine)중 일부는 화학치료제로써 비특이적으로 면역을 억제하는데 사용되고 있다. 암 치료 시 백혈구의 방어기능에 미치는 영향을 연구하기 위한 목적으로 in vitro에서 각 항암제를 처리한 PMN을 배양하여 ROS와 NO의 생성변화와 이차적 신호전달계인 phospholipase C(PLC), D(PLD), PKC, tyrosine phosphorylation kinase (TPK)와 phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase의 억제율을 측정하였다. PMN에 각각cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, tamoxifen, doxifluridine을 short term(${\leq}4hrs$) 처리시, formylmethionyl-leucy1-phenylalanine (FMLP) 자극에 의해 호흡방출의 증가가 나타났다. 반면, long term (8hrs) 처리 시, ROS의 생성은concentration-dependent 방법으로 감소되었다.

공유결합으로 다공성 막에 고정화된 PLD에 의한 포스퍼티딕산 생산 (Phosphatidic Acid Production by PLD Covalently Immobilized on Porous Membrane)

  • 박진원
    • 청정기술
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.224-228
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    • 2015
  • 포스포라이페이즈디를 공유결합을 통해서 초미세다공성막에 고정화하였다. 고정화는 폴리에틸렌이민, 글루타알데하이드, 포스포라이페이즈디를 순차적으로 처리함으로써 수행되었다. X선 광전자 분광기를 이용하여 고정화가 확인되었다. 포스퍼티딜콜린이 분산된 버퍼용액의 pH값을 시간에 따라 모니터링하여 고정화된 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 대해 촉매활성을 산출하였다. 속도상수는 폴리스타이렌나노입자에 고정화된 포스포라이페이즈디에서는 0.64 s-1, 다공성 셀룰로스아세테이트막에 고정화된 포스포라이페이즈디에서는 0.52 s-1, 그리고 고정화되지 않은 포스포라이페이즈디에서는 0.75 s-1의 결과가 도출되었다. 재사용에 대한 연구가 10차례까지 수행되었으며, 초기 사용시의 활성대비로 95%가 유지되었다. 열과 저장성에 대한 안정성도 고찰되었으며, 다공성막에 고정화된 포스포라이페이즈디의 경우에 활성손실이 가장 적은 것으로 관찰되었다. 이 연구결과들로부터, 포스퍼티딕산의 생산용 포스포라이페이즈디의 고정화에 대한 지지체로 다공성 막을 사용할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

넙치 3가지 타입 인지질가수분해효소(PLC-δ1)의 세포 내 위치 및 이동 (Cellular Localization and Translocation of Duplication and Alternative Splicing Variants of Olive Flounder Phospholipase C-δ1)

  • 김나영;김무상;정승희;김명석;조미영;정준기;안상중
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제27권11호
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    • pp.1369-1375
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    • 2017
  • 본 연구의 목적은 넙치 인지질가수분해효소(PLC-${\delta}1$) 3가지 타입의 세포내 특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 일반적으로 인지질가수분해효소(PLC)의 신호전달경로는 핵, 세포막, 세포질에 분포한다고 알려져 있으나, 핵내 위치 메커니즘은 여전히 불분명하다. PoPLC-${\delta}1A$, PoPLC-${\delta}1B$ (Sf)과 PoPLC-${\delta}1B$ (Lf)의 3타입의 유전자들은 각각 핵위치 신호(NLS)와 핵방출서열(NES)을 포함하고 있다. 본 연구에서는, 넙치 3가지 타입 인지질가수분해효소(PLC-${\delta}1$)의 세포내 위치이동 메커니즘 분석을 위해 GFP 벡터에 유전자를 삽입하여 ionomycin과 thasogargin처리 후 세포위치와 이동양상을 공초점 레이저 주사현미경으로 관찰하였다. PoPLC-${\delta}1A$는 PoPLC-${\delta}1B$ (Lf)와 PoPLC-${\delta}1B$ (Sf)가 원형질막에 국한되어 분포할때 세포질과 세포막보다 세포 소기관에 분포되어 있었다. PoPLC-${\delta}1B$ (Lf) 및 PoPLC-${\delta}1$ (Sf)이 핵 세포질내 이동양상을 보이지 않을 때, PoPLC-${\delta}1A$은 ionomycin과 thapsigargin 처리에 의해 핵 내에 축적되는 양상을 나타냈다. 이런 결과는 손상되지 않은 기능적 NES 서열을 포함하는 PoPLC-${\delta}1A$가 어류에서 핵 세포질 내 왕복 및 이동의 주된 역할을 한다는 것을 보여주고 있다.

Cyclobuxine D의 prostaglandin 합성과 백혈구 유주에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Cyclobuxine D on the Biosynthesis of Prostaglandins in Vitro, Prostaglandins Production and Leukocyte Migration in Vivo)

  • 이종화;박영현;조병헌;김유재;김종배;김정목;김천숙;차영덕;김영석
    • 대한약리학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 1987
  • 본 실험실에서는 회양목(Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai)으로 부터 steroid성 alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D를 분리하였고, 그의 여러 약리작용을 검색하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 cyclobuxine D의 guinea pig lung homogenate에서 prostaglandins의 합성에 미치는 영향과 carrageenin으로 유도한 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대한 영향을 관찰하였다. Cyclobuxine D (up to 100ug/ml)는 guinea pig lung homogenate에 의한 prostaglandins 합성에 대해서는 현저한 영향이 없었으나, 20mg/kg에서 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주에 대해 현저한 억제작용을 나타낸다. Aspirin은 vivo와 vitro에서 prostaglandin의 합성을 억제하나, 염증 삼출물에서 백혈구 유주에 대해서는 영향이 거의 없다. Dexamethasone은 vitro에서 외인성 arachidcnic acid를 기질로 가했을때는 prostaglandin 합성에 대해 영향이 없었고 carrageenin으로 유도된 염증에서 prostaglandin의 합성과 백혈구 유주를 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 cyclobuxine D의 항염증작용은 phospholipase $A_2$ activity를 저해하여 항염증 작용을 나타내는 것으로 사료되는 corticosteroid와 유사한 것으로 추정된다.

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흰쥐의 Carrageenin 유발 늑막염과 Croton oil 유발 육아종양에 미치는 Cyclobuxine D의 영향 (Effects of Cyclobuxine D on Carrageenin-induced Pleurisy and Croton Oil-induced Granuloma Pouch in Rats)

  • 이종화;박영현;조병헌;김유재;김종배;김정목;김천숙;차영덕;김영석
    • 대한약리학회지
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.151-157
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    • 1987
  • Steroidal alkaloid인 cyclobuxine D의 carrageenin으로 유발한 늑막염과 croton oil로 유발한 육아종양에 대한 영향을 관찰하고 그 작용을 aspirin, dexamethasone과 hydrocortisone의 작용과 비교하였다. Carrageenin으로 유발한 늑막염에서 혈장 삼출정도는 pontamine sky blue을 정맥으로 투여하여 20분 동안 늑막염 삼출물로 삼출되어 나오는 양으로 측정하였다. Cyclobuxine D는 용량적으로 삼출물의 양과 20분 동안 삼출되는 pontamine sky blue의 양을 감소시켰다. Cyclooxygenase 억제제인 aspirin과 phospholipase $A_2$를 억제하여 결과적으로 cyclooxygenase와 lipoxygenase의 생성물을 차단하는 dexamethasone은 현저하게 carrageenin으로 나타나는 염증현상을 억제하였다. Cyclobuxine D는 croton oil로 유발한 육아종양에서 종양 부위에 직접 투여하거나 근육내로 투여해도 pouch내 염증물 양과 pouch wall의 무게를 현저하게 억제하였다. Dexamethasone과 hydrocortisone은 육아종양의 형성을 현저히 억제하였으며 , dexamethasone은 근육내로 투여 하였을 때 육아종양 형성을 완전히 억제하였다. 이상의 결과에서 나타난 cyclobuxine D의 항염증 작용은 prostaglandins의 생성억제 또는 polymorphonuclear cell (PMN)의 유주 억제와 밀접한 관련이 있을 것으로 사려된다.

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Salicylic Acid and Wounding Induce Defense-Related Proteins in Chinese Cabbage

  • Kim, Hong-Nam;Cha, Jae-Soon;Cho, Tae-Ju;Kim, Hak-Yong
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • 제7권3호
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    • pp.213-219
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    • 2003
  • The response of plants to pathogens and wounding is dependent upon very sensitive perception mechanisms. Although genetic approaches have revealed a variety of resistance genes that activate common defense responses, defense-related proteins are not well characterized in plants. Therefore, we used a proteomic approach to determine which defense-related proteins are induced by salicylic acid (SA) and wounding in Chinese cabbage. We found that SA and wounding induce pathogenesis-related protein 1a (PR1a) at both protein and mRNA levels using proteomics and Northern blot analysis, respectively. This indicates that our proteomic approach is useful for identifying defense-related proteins. We also identified several other proteins that are induced by SA or wounding. Among the seven SA-induced proteins identified, four may be defense-related, including defense-related protein, phospholipase D (PLD), resistance protein RPS2 homolog, and L-ascorbate peroxidase. Out of the six wounding-induced proteins identified, three may be defense-related: heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70), polygalacturonase, and peroxidase P7. The precise functions of these proteins in plant defense responses await further study. However, identification of the defense-related proteins described in this study should allow us to better understand the mechanisms and signal transduction pathways involved in defense responses in Chinese cabbage.

Quinacrin Induces Cytochrome c-dependent Apoptotic Signaling in Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells

  • Fasanmade, Adedigbo A.;Owuor, Edward D.;Ee, Rachel P.L.;Qato, Dima;Heller, Mark;Kong, Ah Ng Tony
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.126-135
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    • 2001
  • Quinacrine (QU), a phospholipase-A2 (PLA-2) inhibitor has been used clinically as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant. To understand the mechanisms leading to its chemotherapeutic effect, we have investigated QU-induced apoptotic signaling pathways in human cervical squamous carcinoma HeLa cells. In this study, we found that QU induced cytochrome c-dependent apoptotic signaling. The release of pro-apoptotic cytochrome c was QU concentration- and time-dependent, and preceded activation of caspase-9 and -3. Flow cytometric FACScan analysis using fluorescence intensities of $DiOC_6$/ demonstrated that QU-induced cytochrome c release was independent of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), since the concentrations of QU that induced cytochrome c release did not alter mitochondrial membrane potential (${\blacktriangle}{\Psi}_m$). Moreover, kinetic analysis of caspase activities showed that cytochrome c release led to the activation of caspase-9 and downstream death effector caspase-3, Caspase-3 inhibitor (Ac-DEVD-CHO) partially blocked QU-induced apoptosis, suggesting the importance of caspase-3 in this apoptotic signaling mechanism. Supplementation with arachidonic acid (AA) sustained caspase-3 activation induced by QU. Using inhibitors against cellular arachidonate metabolism of lipooxygenase (Nordihydroxyguaiaretic Acid, NDGA) and cyclooxygenase (5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid, ETYA) demonstrated that QU-induced apoptotic signaling may be dependent on its role as a PLA-2 inhibitor. Interestingly, NDCA attenuated QU-induced cytochrome c release, caspase activity as well as apoptotic cell death. The blockade of cytochrome c release by NDCA was much more effective than that attained with cyclosporin A (CsA), a MPT inhibitor. ETYA was not effective in blocking cytochrome c release, except under very high concentrations. Caspase inhibitor z-VAD blocked the release of cytochrome c suggesting that this signaling event is caspase dependent, and caspase-8 activation may be upstream of the mitochondrial events. In summary, we report that QU induced cytochrome c-dependent apoptotic signaling cascade, which may be dependent on its role as a PLA-2 inhibitor. This apoptotic mechanism induced by QU may contribute to its known chemotherapeutic effects.

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필치가 혈중 알코올농도와 간세포내 알코올대사 효소 활성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Feelch on Blood Alcohol Concentration in Human and Hepatic Alcohol Metabolizing Enzyme Activity in Alcohol-Fed Rats)

  • 이오미;예충민;최병철;이지윤;강혜정;최윤경;김창종;심상수
    • 약학회지
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    • 제49권4호
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    • pp.340-346
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    • 2005
  • To investigate the effect of Feelch on alcohol metabolism, we measured both blood alcohol concentration in human and hepatic alcohol metabolizing enzyme activity in rats. The blood alcohol concentration in Feelch-ingested group was significantly lower than that in water-ingested group at 0, 40, and 80 minute after alcohol intake. The blood alcohol concentration between male and female taken 300ml of $21\%$ alcohol showed the significant differences; the peak value of blood alcohol concentration in male and female were $0.083\pm0.014\%\;and\;0.108\pm0.018\%$, respectively. In alcohol-fed rats, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was significantly increased, whereas alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was not changed. In both Feelch-fed group and Feelch plus alcohol-fed group, ADH and ALDH activity were significantly increased as compared with each control group. Feelch decreased phospholipase $A_2$ activity and lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissue and activities of serum aminotransferases as compared with control. These results suggest that Feelch may have a hepatoprotective effects and this is likely due to lower blood alcohol concentration via the increment of hepatic ADH and ALDH activity.

Curcumin Inhibits the Activation of Immunoglobulin E-Mediated Mast Cells and Passive Systemic Anaphylaxis in Mice by Reducing Serum Eicosanoid and Histamine Levels

  • Li, Xian;Lu, Yue;Jin, Ye;Son, Jong-Keun;Lee, Seung Ho;Chang, Hyeun Wook
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.27-34
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    • 2014
  • Curcumin is naturally occurring polyphenolic compound found in turmeric and has many pharmacological activities. The present study was undertaken to evaluate anti-allergic inflammatory activity of curcumin, and to investigate its inhibitory mechanisms in immunoglobulin E (IgE)/Ag-induced mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and in a mouse model of IgE/Ag-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA). Curcumin inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dependent prostaglandin $D_2$ ($PGD_2$) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) dependent leukotriene $C_4$ ($LTC_4$) generation dose-dependently in BMMCs. To probe the mechanism involved, we assessed the effects of curcumin on the phosphorylation of Syk and its downstream signal molecules. Curcumin inhibited intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ influx via phospholipase $C{\gamma}1$ ($PLC{\gamma}1$) activation and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) pathway. Furthermore, the oral administration of curcumin significantly attenuated IgE/Ag-induced PSA, as determined by serum $LTC_4$, $PGD_2$, and histamine levels. Taken together, this study shows that curcumin offers a basis for drug development for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases.

Effects of High Dose Lysophosphatidic Acid Supplement during IVC on Preimplantation Development of Porcine Embryos

  • Jin, Minghui;Yu, Il-Jeoung;Jeon, Yubyeol
    • 한국수정란이식학회지
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    • 제32권4호
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    • pp.275-285
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    • 2017
  • Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is an important signaling molecule. Here, the effect and mechanism of LPA on the preimplantation development of porcine embryos during in vitro culture (IVC) was examined. Porcine embryos were cultured in porcine zygote medium (PZM-3) supplemented with $30{\mu}M$ LPA during different days. There was a significantly higher cleavage rate in Day 1-7 and significantly higher total cell number of blastocysts in Day 1-3 and Day 4-7. It was also found that messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of PCNA, BCL2 and BAX in blastocysts obtained from D1-7 group were significantly higher and BCL2/BAX mRNA ratio in D1-3 group was significantly lower than control group but Day 4-7 and Day 1-7 groups were comparable with control group. Treatment with $20{\mu}M$ PLC inhibitor significantly decreased the embryo cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate. Moreover, LPA as an activator of PLCs, enhanced the $30{\mu}M$ LPA + $20{\mu}M$ U73122 group embryo cleavage rate which similar with control group. In conclusion, the results suggest that treatment with LPA during IVC improves the porcine early embryo cleavage by activation of PLC signaling pathway and regulate the mRNA expression that contribute to total cell number of blastocysts during blastocyst formation.